Thriller of the Zadar nun Cattarina Marchi: true or false story?

Thriller of the Zadar nun Cattarina Marchi: true or false story?

Author(s): Zdenko Dundović / Language(s): English / Issue: 64/2023

Keywords: Venetian Republic; Zadar; nun Cattarina Marchi; 16th-18th century; fedecommesso;

In a paper on the nuns compelled to enter monastic life in the Venetian Republic, published in the Sixteenth Century Journal, Anne Jacobson Schutte cited, among others, the case of the Zadar nun Cattarina Marchi. Zadar archival sources offer new insights about the Zadar nun, provide answers to the questions posed by Schutte and shed new light on Marchi’s petition for the annulment of monastic vows. The analysis and synthesis of archival sources in Zadar, as well as other archival sources, have changed the entire narrative surrounding the nun Marchi, justifying the doubt about the authenticity of the story (true story) regarding her forced entry into the monastery. It will be shown that her case must be considered in the context of economic, social and religious relations between the Zadar nobility and its middle class in the 16th-18th century, especially from the point of view of inalienable inheritance rights, known as fedecommesso.

WHAT MAKES PEOPLE CRY? A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF SITUATIONS THAT EVOKE EMOTIONAL TEARS

WHAT MAKES PEOPLE CRY? A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF SITUATIONS THAT EVOKE EMOTIONAL TEARS

Author(s): Julia Wągrowska,Monika Wróbel / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: emotions; emotional tears; stimulus material; situational vignettes;

The aim of two preliminary studies reported in the article was to identify the main reasons for crying and to create a set of situational vignettes that would refer to specific situations or events that poten- tially can make people cry. In Study 1 (n = 61), we asked participants to list six general reasons behind crying. In Study 2 (n = 70), participants were asked to identify specific situations in which people shed emotion-related tears. As a result, we selected a set of 34 situational vignettes. Each of them is a short and gender-neutral description of a specific emotional reason that can make people cry and is related to one of the following basic emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, or fear. The vignettes can be used to manipulate the emotional basis of tears in experimental research.

EMOTION REGULATION DIFFICULTIES, DISTRESS TOLERANCE AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS

EMOTION REGULATION DIFFICULTIES, DISTRESS TOLERANCE AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS

Author(s): Macarena Verónica del-Valle,Eliana Vanesa Zamora,Sebastián Urquijo,Cintia Olsen,Hernán López-Morales,María Laura Andrés / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: psychopathology; distress; mental health; depression; anxiety; emotion;

Emotion Regulation (ER) has been identified as a factor that may be related to psychopathological symptoms. However, evidence about the relationship between ER and psychopathological symptoms is still unspecific. Moreover, although the ability of distress tolerance (DT) has gained increasing at- tention, it has not yet been sufficiently explored in relation to specific psychopathological symptoms. The aim of the study was to analyze the role of different specific ER mechanisms on various psycho- pathological symptoms, with particular emphasis on the role of DT. To do so, a correlational study was carried out. A total of 128 university students between 18 and 44 years old (mean age = 26.7, SD = 6.14) answered the Distress Tolerance Scale, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and the Symptom Check List 90-Revised. For each psychopathological symptom (and for general distress), linear regression were applied. All models were statistically significant with differences in the amount of explained variance and in the predictors. DT predicted symptoms of depression, anxiety, obsessions and compulsions and general distress. The study highlights the importance of the different mechanisms of ER in each specific psychopathological symptom and their implications for mental health.

POLISH ADAPTATION OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HARDINESS QUESTIONNAIRE (OHQ)

POLISH ADAPTATION OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HARDINESS QUESTIONNAIRE (OHQ)

Author(s): Krzysztof Grala,Łukasz Baka / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: occupational hardiness; Polish adaptation; social and service professions; confirmatory factor analysis; construct validity; reliability;

Occupational hardiness is a pattern of attitudes and strategies that stimulates an individual to perceive stressful work situations as controllable, worth dealing with, and contributing to professional develop- ment. One of the popular tools in the world to measure this construct is the Occupational Hardiness Questionnaire (OHQ) developed by Moreno-Jiménez et al. It has a three-factor structure, proven con- struct validity, and good internal consistency. The overarching aim of the study was to prepare a Polish adaptation of the OHQ based on a sample of Polish employees working in health care, education and science, and customer service. The questionnaire-based research was conducted in two stages, with two independent samples. The first study was cross-sectional. Their results were used to estimate the factorial validity, construct validity, and internal consistency of the adapted tool. Participants in the first study were 1,212 employees (originally 1,315) of health care (n = 400), education and science (n = 410), and customer service (n = 400) sectors. The second study, which was longitudinal in nature, included two measurements and was used to estimate test–retest reliability. Of the 400 participants (employees of customer service), 205 completed the questionnaire in two measurements. The Polish version of the OHQ has a three-factor structure, confirmed construct validity and good internal con- sistency. The Polish version of the OHQ is ideal for scientific research, but can also be used in practice: in career counseling, recruitment, selection, or screening.

DOES DISPOSITIONAL POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE AFFECT PREDICT LATE-CAREER ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION? A THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR PERSPECTIVE

DOES DISPOSITIONAL POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE AFFECT PREDICT LATE-CAREER ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION? A THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Melanie Lam,Ewelina Purca / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: affect; late-career; entrepreneurial intention; theory of planned behavior;

Late-career entrepreneurship can be a good answer to the problems of an aging population—age discrimination experienced by mature workers or inadequate pensions. For this reason, it is gaining increasing interest among researchers and policymakers. However, to date, very little is known about the factors that favor or hinder intentions to become entrepreneur at the late-career stage, especially those taking a psychological perspective. The current study aims to fill this gap by testing whether dispositional affect is related to entrepreneurial intention at the late-career stage. To explain the mecha- nism of this relationship, we use the theory of planned behavior. We conducted a study that included 292 non-self-employed people aged 45–81. The results showed that neither positive affect nor negative affect are directly related to entrepreneurial intention, but these relationships are rather indirect and go through components of the theory of planned behavior. This provides insights into explanation of late-career entrepreneurial intention and can be used by researchers, policymakers and practitioners, for example in programs supporting business start-ups by people approaching retirement age.

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS, IMMERSION, AND GAME CHANCE TYPE: PROBLEMATIC VIDEOGAMES USE PREDICTORS AMONG PROFESSIONAL ONLINE BOARD GAMERS

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS, IMMERSION, AND GAME CHANCE TYPE: PROBLEMATIC VIDEOGAMES USE PREDICTORS AMONG PROFESSIONAL ONLINE BOARD GAMERS

Author(s): Marcin Wojtasiński,Przemysław Tużnik,Andrzej Cudo / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: problematic videogames use (PVG); immersion; conscientiousness; online board games; moderated mediation analysis;

Several reports on the potential relationship between immersion experienced by gamers and proble- matic videogames use (PVG) have recently appeared in the literature but their results often vary. This discrepancy may be due to the fact that games can be chance-dependent (CDG) or chance-indepen- dent (CIG). This may also be due to the nature of the relationship between immersion and PVG with a personality trait (conscientiousness), which is an antecedent of both variables. We decided to check whether conscientiousness and PVG relationship will be mediated by immersion and whether this relationship is dependent on the game type. The survey was addressed to board game club members who represented professional players, based on the time spent playing games as well as the ranking criterion. Ninety-four CDG and CIG players responded to the survey. The model proposed in this pilot study showed that conscientiousness explains PVG directly in CIG players, whereas in CDG players this mechanism is mediated by the immersion they experience. This discovery sheds new light on the potential motivational causes of PVG, which depend on both immersion and the chance type of game.

Naxalism: The Left-Wing Extremist Movement in India

Naxalism: The Left-Wing Extremist Movement in India

Author(s): Rajashri Ghosh / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: armed struggle; India; Maoism; Naxalism; radical movement; terrorism

After 200 years of bondage, India gained freedom from the British through numerous revolutionary movements in 1947. But, within 20 years of the independence, insurgent movements had started arising against the Indian Government as well. In 1967, the Naxalite insurgency was initiated as a radical protest by the oppressed peasants against the colonial tenancy system retained by the feudal landowners even after the British had left the country for good. The uprising got pinpointed as Naxalism and the rebels as Naxals, as it all started at Naxalbari, a village in the Indian state of West Bengal. Spanning over 50 years, this ongoing movement initially acquired the respect of the general population of India with its radical ideologies of fighting against the oppressor imperialists but soon mutated into a source of terror. A qualitative assessment of the instances taken from secondary sources, such as context-related online journals and blog articles, will help this paper to explain the formation of the contemporary perception of Naxalism as an extreme radical armed revolution and one of the biggest security challenges against the Indian Government.

Levels of Decision-Making Determinants in the European Council of the EU in 2010–2022

Levels of Decision-Making Determinants in the European Council of the EU in 2010–2022

Author(s): Marek Pietraś / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: European Union; European Council; determinants; levels of analysis; the level of the international system; the level of domestic systems

The European Union has been recognised as an international system whose decisions and actions are conditioned by environmental determinants, which is a dynamic process of change. The article attempts to explain the EU’s decisions based on the conclusions of the European Council in 2010–2022. 93 documents containing the conclusions of the European Council adopted during that period were analysed. It was found that the determinants of EU decisions and actions function – firstly – at the international system level and, secondly, at the level of the domestic systems of the Member States. In addition, the article: 1) reconstructed the discussion in the science of international relations on behavioural determinants, 2) reconstructed the perception of determinants in the conclusions of the European Council; 3) a model for organising the analysis of the determinants of the decisions of the European Council was proposed.

Clustering of Polish Citizens on the Bases of Their Support for Leaving and Remaining the European Union

Clustering of Polish Citizens on the Bases of Their Support for Leaving and Remaining the European Union

Author(s): Artur Roland Kozłowski,Grzegorz Krzykowski,Grahame FALLON / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: Brexit; Polexit; Poland; EU fragmentation; Euroscepticism; EU support social components; mixing distributions

The article presents the clustering of Polish citizens based on the empirical dimension of support for European integration. The structure of the work is based on three key elements constituting the basis of the presented text. The first refers to the development of a scale to measure the extent of support for the integration of Poland with the EU. The second element covers an area of support scale modelling. After the substantial and statistical analysis of the adequacy of the probability distribution for the support scale, it was decided that a model in which the scale underwent mixing non-standard Beta distributions would be adopted. Applying the Maximal Likelihood Method (ML), the components for its fitted probability densities and estimators of prior (or mixing) probabilities were indicated. The procedure allowed us to define the clusters of which the population of voters was composed. The paper’s final section presents many practical and theoretical conclusions for political parties and scientists interested in the discussed area. The novelty of applying the ML method goes hand in hand with the findings that previously appeared in political science literature, although under different economic and geopolitical conditions.

Human-Rights Approach to Water in the European Union on the 10th Anniversary of the ‘Right2Water’ Initiative

Human-Rights Approach to Water in the European Union on the 10th Anniversary of the ‘Right2Water’ Initiative

Author(s): Olga Hałub-Kowalczyk / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: access to water; right to water; Right2Water; Drinking Water Directive; Concession Directive

The 20 principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights adopted by the EU in 2017 include the right to access such basic services as water, sanitation, energy or transport. In the face of the climate crisis, the first of these rights is becoming a service which, due to the progression of global warming, could lose its universal and easily accessible nature. It seems reasonable to ask about the chances of developing a ‘right to water’ within the framework of the EU’s system, which would unambiguously oblige the public authorities to ensure access to this right. The trigger for this research was the ‘Right2Water’ European citizens’ initiative addressed to the European Commission in 2013, which contained postulates to recognise access to water as a human right. Ten years after the launch of this procedure, it is reasonable to acknowledge the verification of the actions taken by the EU and whether the evolving EU water policy can be assessed as being oriented towards ensuring the right to water for all EU-inhabitants. The aim of this paper justifies the use of legal-dogmatic research methodology. Regarding the analysis of legal acts, the rules of legal hermeneutics were applied, esp. grammar and teleological interpretation.

The Wagner Group as a Tool of Russian Hybrid Warfare

The Wagner Group as a Tool of Russian Hybrid Warfare

Author(s): Marek Górka / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: Russia; Wagner Group; private military companies; hybrid warfare

Unrest, conflicts, and wars in various parts of the world have created huge political and business opportunities for private military companies. They can gather intelligence, provide security for rich and powerful political actors, and provide mercenaries to interest groups worldwide. Private Russian military forces with close ties to President Vladimir Putin are used in war zones and continue expanding their presence in many regions worldwide. The Wagner Group is the most famous Russian mercenary unit. It gained notoriety mainly by supporting Russian forces in the conflict in Ukraine in 2014. At that time, it also provided one of the services that the authorities in the Kremlin particularly appreciate in their actions, and that is the lack of attribution for conducting armed conflicts, thanks to which mercenaries play the role of separatist fighters. Since then, the organisation has been deployed in many countries, including Syria, Libya, Mali, the Central African Republic, Sudan, and Venezuela, always to covertly support representatives of regimes favoured by Putin. Like all other mercenary units in Russia, the Wagner Group does not officially exist, because Russian law does not allow mercenary activities. The article has two main objectives: first, to present an analysis of the activities of the Wagner Group, using the currently available information; second, to prove that the concept of hybrid warfare could best explain the Kremlin’s use of Russian mercenaries.

Communication as an Element of Personal Security

Communication as an Element of Personal Security

Author(s): Zbigniew Ciekanowski,Sylwia Krawczyńska,Julia Nowicka,Henryk Wyrębek / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: security; communication; organisation; supervisor; relationships

The study refers to the role of building relations between the direct supervisor and employee teams, indicating the opportunities and threats resulting from conducting selected aspects of internal communication in the so-called uniformed organisations. The authors draw attention to the roles of communication competencies and their social overtones, seeing in these elements both opportunities and threats to the involvement of employees in the performance of official tasks, as well as their readiness to deepen relations with their direct superior. The presented results of empirical research concern the organisation of the Ministry of National Defence and the State Fire Service and are only an element of a larger research project. The aim of the research process was to determine the opportunities and threats generated by aspects of organisational communication in the context of maintaining a satisfactory state of personal security of the examined institutions participating in activities in the field of defence and protection of population, property and the environment.

Road Safety on the Example of Wireless Services – Case Study

Road Safety on the Example of Wireless Services – Case Study

Author(s): Piotr Lizakowski / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: wireless access; vehicular environment; IEEE 802.11p standard; modulation type; service quality; link selection

The paper considers organising wireless access in vehicular environments. Such environments are normally affected by Doppler effects, so the IEEE 802.11p standard is expected to ensure an appropriate quality of service for moving objects. Theoretically, the IEEE 802.11p standard compensates for Doppler effects, but it should be ascertained whether 802.11p is still efficient at tiny Doppler shifts and when an object moves at higher speeds. The 802.11p link provides a data rate which is twice as low for 802.11a. Thus, an end-to-end simulation is carried out for the links at wide ranges of signal-to-noise ratio by varying the Doppler shift from 0 Hz to 100 Hz. The simulation also involves 8 modulation types for 128-, 512-, and 1024-bit packet transmissions to cover all possible study cases. The efficiency criterion is the packet-error rate, to which the data rate is additionally considered. The main simulation result is that the 802.11p link is efficient only at not high speeds. The packet length should be shortened to suppress the influence of the object’s speed. Therefore, to enable high-quality wireless access in vehicular environments, a combination of the 802.11p and 802.11a links should be used, where phase shift keying is more effective for 802.11a and quadrature amplitude modulation is more effective for 802.11p. The trade-off herein is a data rate versus margin speed.

Morale of Uniformed Public Services in the Context of Contemporary Challenges and Threats

Morale of Uniformed Public Services in the Context of Contemporary Challenges and Threats

Author(s): Adam Kołodziejczyk,Beata Domańska-Szaruga / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: disposable groups; modern challenges; threats; security

Morale is one of the most frequently recurring concepts in the media covering events from the country and the world. It is used by journalists and experts representing the scientific and military communities. The concept is also used by ordinary people commenting on the attitudes and achievements of various individuals and social entities, especially in situations of particular threats to human life and health. Since the term morale is used in different contexts and meanings, many different ways of understanding it can be noted. It can also be seen that approaches to the phenomenon of morale differ in time – interest in it decreases during peace and social stability and increases during conflicts, revolutions, or wars. For example, in the post-Cold War decade of the 1990s, known as the “end of history” or the “peace dividend” period, there was little scientific work on morale. But earlier, during the “Cold War”, such publications were numerously created in the West . From the emerging interest in the concept of morale in modern times, it appears that it is still valid and important.

Book Review: Marlena Plebańska, Kompetencje cyfrowe i ich cyfrowy rozwój, Difin, Warszawa 2021

Book Review: Marlena Plebańska, Kompetencje cyfrowe i ich cyfrowy rozwój, Difin, Warszawa 2021

Author(s): Oliwia Szeląg / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

DIMENSIONS OF TEMPERAMENT IN ADULTS WITH CHRONIC STUTTERING IN THE LIGHT OF I. P. PAVLOV’S THEORIESa*

DIMENSIONS OF TEMPERAMENT IN ADULTS WITH CHRONIC STUTTERING IN THE LIGHT OF I. P. PAVLOV’S THEORIESa*

Author(s): Ewa Humeniuk,Zbigniew Tarkowski / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: temperament; Pavlov; chronic stuttering; adults;

The aim of the study was to determine dimensions of temperament in adults with chronic stuttering in the light of Pavlov’s temperament typology. The test sample consists of a (1) clinical group— adults with chronic stuttering (N = 202); and (2) a criterion group—adults with normal speech fluency (N = 198). The Pavlovian Temperament Survey (PTS) by Strelau and Zawadzki and our own survey were administered. Stutterers, compared to subjects with normal speech fluency, are characterized by a lower level of the excitation process, mobility and balance of nervous processes; they also tend to exhibit a higher level of the inhibition process. The severity of stuttering, the age at which the first symptoms of speech disfluency occur, treatment, evaluation of its effectiveness and intention to undergo therapy do not differentiate stutterers in terms of the considered temperament traits. The temperamental factors of chronic stuttering as per Pavlov’s typology are: increased reactivity to stimuli, reduced ability to adapt to new situations, the ability to flexibly respond to changing conditions, a weak type of the nervous system (lower strength of the excitation process, weaker mobility of the nervous processes), which makes it difficult to cope with challenges encountered and increases susceptibility to mental disorders.

PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE POLISH VERSION OF THE PARENTAL STRESS SCALE

PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE POLISH VERSION OF THE PARENTAL STRESS SCALE

Author(s): Joanna Matuszczak-Świgoń,Lucyna Bakiera / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: parents; parental stress; parental satisfaction; Parental Stress Scale;

The article describes the procedure of adaptation and psychometric parameters of the Polish version of the Parental Stress Scale (PSS). The PSS sees parenting as a source of both strength and stress. There- fore, assessing parenting experiences with the PSS enables one to measure both the level of parenting stress and parental satisfaction. The PSS has been shown to be reliable and moderately correlated with standardized measures in expected directions, suggesting its validity (Berry & Jones, 1995). In this research, we investigated parenting stress in a non-clinical, population-based sample of parents and examined the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the PSS. We analysed reliability, as well as factorial and convergent validity. Two online studies were conducted. In Study 1, parents (126 mothers and 124 fathers) were sent a survey link and requested to fill in the PSS, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Parenting Stress Index, the SF-36v2 Health Survey, and the Family Resilience Assessment Scale. Study 2 was conducted to check the PSS structure once again and assess its relia- bility. Parents (111 mothers and 41 fathers) filled out the Polish 16-item version of the PSS (PSS-PL). The PSS-PL demonstrated adequate convergent validity with expected correlations with parenting stress, perceived stress, quality of life, and family resilience. Our results suggest that the PSS-PL is a reliable and valid measurement tool to evaluate the level of parental stress in Polish parents. Impli- cations of the findings and study limitations are discussed.

FACTORS REDUCING THE RISK OF SOCIAL MALADJUSTMENT: A NARRATIVE APPROACH TO ADOLESCENT IDENTITY FORMATION

FACTORS REDUCING THE RISK OF SOCIAL MALADJUSTMENT: A NARRATIVE APPROACH TO ADOLESCENT IDENTITY FORMATION

Author(s): Izabella Haertlé,Piotr Oleś / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: maladjustment; narrative approach; adolescence; identity processing styles; life story interview; self-confrontation method;

The research aimed to check if the construction of narrative identity by adolescents at risk of malad- justment contributes to their adaptive social functioning. It also aimed to identify factors related to identity on which the adjustment of adolescents at risk of social maladjustment depends. A natural experiment was conducted in Poland among youths from sociotherapy centres (n = 60, aged 18–20 years, 33 women and 27 men). A group of graduates at these centres (n = 31, aged 21–24 years, 17 women and 14 men) was included in the exploratory study and compared with the group of students in terms of maladjustment, ego-resiliency, and identity. The experiment shows that the construction of a narrative identity through a life story interview contributes to better social adaptation, which means a lower risk of maladjustment. The diffuse-avoidant identity style predisposes to maladjustment, whereas ego-resiliency is associated with a higher level of adjustment. Thus the narrative interview method can find application in the therapy of adolescents at risk of maladjustment.

PSYCHOSOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF THE NEED FOR COGNITION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGH ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS

PSYCHOSOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF THE NEED FOR COGNITION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGH ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS

Author(s): Agnieszka Żmuda / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: need for cognition; temperament; emotional intelligence; parental attitudes; academic achievements;

The aim of the research was to verify what factors determine the level of the need for cognition (NFC) in students and doctoral students with high academic achievements. The project involved 207 participants: 102 individuals with high achievements and 105 without great scientific successes. The following tools were used: the Need for Cognition Questionnaire (in Polish adaptation), the Formal Characteristics of Behavior – Temperament Questionnaire Revised Version, the Popular Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and the Questionnaire of Retrospectively Perceived Parental Attitudes. Research results indicate that in people with high academic achievement, emotional intelligence, activity and perceived mother’s inconsistency positively influence the need for cognition. In the comparison group, emotional intelligence is a positive predictor of NFC and the perceived attitude of father’s inconsistency is a negative predictor of NFC.

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN WOMEN WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AND THE ROLE OF SENSE OF SELF-DIGNITY

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN WOMEN WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AND THE ROLE OF SENSE OF SELF-DIGNITY

Author(s): Agnieszka Gabryś,Małgorzata Gulip / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: insulin resistance; psychological well-being; self-dignity; women with insulin resistance;

The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of the sense of self-dignity in accounting for the variability of psychological well-being in women with insulin resistance. The sample consisted of 109 women diagnosed with insulin resistance. The associations between the variables were examined using correlation and regression analyses. The study found significant relationships between dimensions of the sense of self-dignity and psychological well-being in the surveyed women. The loss dimension of the sense of self-dignity had the highest contribution in accounting for all the dimensions of psychologi- cal well-being. Although weaker than for the loss dimension, a statistically significant contribution was also found for the total score of the sense of self-dignity in the surveyed women with insulin resistance.