NIE TYLKO O PRZERÓŻNYCH WYROBACH PIEKARNICZYCH. LEKSEM KOŁACZ W POLSZCZYŹNIE
NOT ONLY ABOUT VARIOUS BAKERY PRODUCTS. WORD KOŁACZ IN POLISH LANGUAGE

Summary/Abstract: The article is refers to the semantics of the word kołacz in the Polish language. The data obtained from main dictionaries recording historical and contemporary, general and dialectal vocabulary allow us to observe quite a large variety of meanings of this word. It turns out that it refers to a variety of bakery products. First of all, kołacz is a type of cake, usually round and flat (sometimes oblong), made of wheat flour, usually served at ceremonies (weddings, holidays). In addition, kołacz is also a ‘loaf ’, ‘roll’, and even ‘any bakery product made of wheat flour’ or other types of cakes. The complete definition of a separate meaning, noted in general language and dialect, is as follows: ‘pressed oilseeds, most often in the shape of round cake, being good fodder for cattle and hogs; oilcake’ (SJPD, t. III, s. 833). Moreover, kołacz was noted in specialized meanings – rafting: ‘tying from oak branches, being round in shape and 6 inches in diameter’ (SWil, t. I, s. 510) and mining: ‘tip given to miners’ (SW, t. II, s. 407; also called kołaczne). It seems that such an overview serves a better understanding of the word kołacz, which functions to a limited extent in the contemporary Polish language, and a better understanding of numerous expressions (phraseologisms and proverbs) remaining primarily in the historical resources of the Polish language.

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