PROBLEMI I PARTIVE POLITIKE NË SHQIPËRI (1941-1944)
The Problem of zhe Political Parties in Albania (1941-1944)

Summary/Abstract: The slow social and economic development of the country during the activity of the Albanian independent state caused to develop late the Albanian political class, and in this framework to be formed late the political parties. The first steps made in this direction in the years 1920-1924 were interrupted because of the establishment of the monarchical regime of A. Zogu. Consequently, the occupation of the country by the fascist Italy found the country without political parties. The only political organisms which played a certain role in the organization of the anti-fascist resistance were the communists groups, which merged and formed on November 8, 1941 the Albanian Communist Party. It appealed to the Albanian people to unite in war against fascism, “without distinction of religion, region or party”. This duty would be realized through the national-liberation councils which were proclaimed as “nuclei of the future power in Albania”. This idea was fixed in the Conference of Peza in September 1942 [...]. The task to organize the people in war against fascism was assigned to the national-liberation councils, which were to be pluralistic. They acted as such until September 1943. Balli Kombëtar (the National Front) which was formed in November 1942, was careful to preserve its political individuality, aiming at taking part in the government of the country which would be formed after the liberation, by means of the free vote of the people. This situation continued until September 1943. Up to this time Balli Kombëtar strove to wage a war more demonstrative than a real efficient one. Until September 1943, the Communist Party strove to increase its political authority, while Balli Kombëtar to gain the lost political capital. To achieve these goals the representatives of the political forces agreed to an understanding for a common war against fascism. To this end the political forces organized the meeting of Mukje, in August of the year 1943, where it was compiled and signed a common agreement. According to it would be created the Committee for the Salvation of Albania, which would take upon itself the direction of the war until the free and general elections which would take place after the liberation as well as the war for an ethnic Albania. Both these theses were put on the table of discussions by Balli Kombëtar, while the thesis of the CPA to attract Balli in an uncompromising war against fascism was not put forward at all by the representatives of the National-Liberation Front. In the agreement were put the theses of Balli Kombëtar, which were signed by the representatives of the two political currents. The creation of the Committee of the Salvation of Albania devaluated the political and military organisms created up to then, while the thesis for the ethnic Albania was in contradiction with the decision of the Great Powers of the fascist coalition. That’s why, the leadership of the CPA rejected this agreement.[...]

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