GÖK TANRI İNANCININ TÜRK İNANÇ SİSTEMİNDE YERİ VE MİMARİYE YANSIMALARI
THE PLACE OF GOK TENGRI BELIEF IN TURKISH BELIEF SYSTEM AND ITS ARCHITECTURAL REFLECTIONS

Summary/Abstract: Turks have adopted religions throughout history that are compatible with the geography they lived in, their lifestyle, and their political views. The belief systems of the ancient Turkish communities are shaped by the understanding of the Gök Tengri, nature, and ancestor worship. From a pragmatic perspective, the belief in the Gök Tengri belief, has been shaped by the traditions and customs of the nomadic Turkish tribes who lived a horseback lifestyle. Ethnologists consider the Gök Tengri to be one of the most important belief systems at the center of the religious system in the steppe culture. Turks who believed in this belief system believed that the Sky God bestowed "kut" (divine favor) upon the Turkish khans and glorified the Turkish race by protecting it. The concept of "nation" in the Turks has an important place in the belief system. The belief in the Gök Tengri is often associated with other nature gods such as the earth god, water god, and fire god. The "Underworld" in the cosmological designs of the universe is the lowest layer of the tripartite design (sky, earth, underworld), and contrary to the sky world, it is the abode of evil spirits and gods. By placing the Gök Tengri at the center of their beliefs, humans have tried to understand and control nature. The belief in the Gök Tengri has formed the basis of many religious rituals and ceremonies. Turks have never depicted God in human form or made statues or paintings of him. The reflection of the Gök Tengri belief in space varies according to geography, culture, and history. According to the belief in the Gök Tengri in the Turkish belief system, the Gök Tengri was located at the very center of the sky. When examining Turkish cosmogonic myths, a cosmic axis designed to approach the sacred has been found in all periods of Turkish history. This axis varies depending on the changes in the religious understanding and cosmological designs of the Turks. It has been expressed through various symbols such as the tent, the ruler's pavilion or pavilion, the tomb structure, the ruler's city, the cosmic tree, the cosmic mountain, the column, or the arrow. This article includes the belief in the Gök Tengri in the Turkish belief system and the cosmological understanding of the universe in the development of the dome in Turkish architecture.

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