Metaloproteinaza macierzowa 9 (MMP -9) i jej znaczenie dla patogenezy chorób cywilizacyjnych
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP -9) and its role in the pathogenesis of the most common civilization diseases

Summary/Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) belongs to proteolytic enzymes, zinc and calcium-dependent, of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteinases. MMP-9 is active especially in the degradation of type IV collagen, i.e. the main constitutent of the basement membrane, and in degradation of the most of extracellular matrix proteinases. MMP-9 also cleaves a variety of non-ECM proteins: cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Its expression was shown in macrophages and neurophils. MMP-9 take part in many physiological processes, such as apoptosis, angiogenesis, wound healing, migration of cells. Moreover, it plays important role in various aspects of CNS functions: brain development, neuroplasticity and epileptigenesis. MMP-9 and its inhibitors (TIMPs) are involved in various pathological processes, thereby contributing to pathogenesis of many diseases, including psychiatric disorders. In this paper many correlations between MMP-9 serum level and development of civilization diseases (cancer, diabetes, heart diseases, arteriosclerosis) were analyzed. The role of the molecular research in defining association between MMP-9 polymorphism and civilization diseases was emphasized. The characterization of polymorphism in MMP-9 gene may explain the pathogenesis of psychiatric diseases: schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, alcohol and nicotine dependencies.

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