Проблеми на теренното проучване на пословиците и поговорките
Some Problems of the Field Study of Proverbs and Sayings

Summary/Abstract: The article is an attempt to elaborate an integral programme for field study of proverbs and sayings, the object of which is to overcome the existing lack of organization in that kind of work. The practical instructions trace the basic problem areas which must be taken in consideration in collectioner’s work. The author treats the problem of the various ways of fixation of the proverb repertory of the studied society, group or individual. The specific nature of paremias makes it necessary to use different methods based mainly on associations. The starting point of the article backs up the view according to which the proverbial system could not be truthfully described only through the means of fixation of its textual elements, without any information concerning their nature and functioning. That points out the obligatory for the field research items: the evaluation of the real extend of the notions “proverb” and “saying”, the fixation of the exact pronunciation (with all linguistic and paralinguistic particularities) of the texts. A very important problem’s area is that of the proverbial units meaning which must be put down with their interpretation given by the informer. The contextual use of proverbs must be also thoroughly noted. Special attention must be drawn upon the processes of proverbs assimilation and upon the setting up of the „capacity to use proverbs” by the individual. The article analyses also the genesis of paremias, and especially the links bounding some of them to bigger folk texts, and the process of creation of totally new local proverbs and sayings. The study is as well an attempt to trace a characteristic of some distinguished bearers of the proverbial system.

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