Zarządzanie produktami niepełnowartościowymi w procesie internacjonalizacji przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych
Management of Defective Products in the Process of Internationalization of Manufacturing Companies

Summary/Abstract: One of the key elements of modern business management is the acquisition and the ability to react dynamically to the ever-changing market, or cope with the changing economic situation in generally difficult and turbulent conditions of today’s business environment. For manufacturers, the most important aspect of business is undoubtedly the absorbing market. At present, however, the competition and saturation of goods are so strong that companies are somehow forced to look for new customers outside the home market. Entering foreign markets is part of the internationalization process, which today is practically indispensable for businesses. New markets may provide opportunities for companies struggling with a variety of problems, such as low demand for their products or too strong competition in the market they operate in. Furthermore, Polish manufacturing companies, in addition to competitive pressure, must also include in their business plans the continuous reduction of natural resources and, consequently, the limitation of raw materials. Therefore among the companies, the tendency arose to use recycled materials, which, sequentially, has a positive impact of their operations on the environment, not just ecological, but as well economical. The concept of managing defective products can therefore be a good solution for companies that are oriented towards the foreign markets. The defective products are all non-waste products, but which, at the same time, at any stage in your life cycle do not meet the quality and / or functional requirements according to which they were originally produced. In addition, these products, whose properties have to some degree failed to meet the expectations of the customers, or for various reasons, have shown a defect or deficiency resulting from, for example, an error in the production process, can be used as a basis for reprocessing into recycled materials and then used in production. At the same time, many defective products can be used by manufacturing companies in an up-to-date or streamlined form, for example, they may become an bargain for a different market than the primary market. The purpose of this paper is to highlight new possibilities for the practice of defective products management by manufacturing companies whose operations are oriented towards the foreign markets. These capabilities are presented both in theoretical and practical ways. The research methodology includes a theoretical plane where methods of analyzing and synthesizing the literature of the subject have been applied. Whereas, on the empirical level, in search of ultimate diagnose to the problem of the research, direct interviews with representatives of manufacturing companies were conducted and the results were shown, as well as the authors included in this part their own observations.

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