Od metodologii normatywnej do metodologii będącej samowiedzą nauki
From Normative Methodology to the Methodology that is the Self-knowledge of Science

Summary/Abstract: The authoress reminds that methodology, which purpose is rational reconstruction of science activity, defines criteria which allow to distinguish science creation from non-science creation, so it fulfills normative function. The authoress carried out analysis of first textbooks in special education methodology, wanting to find out, if and in which scope they fulfill normative function of methodology. It appears that in those textbooks methodology was come down to methodical-technical dimension (without philosophical-theoretical argumentation) and normative character of positivistic research model was weakened by appealing to the specific character of research subject. In further part of the article the authoress notices that position of methodology changed with intensity of representative science crisis and legitimization crisis. Supporters of most radical standpoints state that one does not know what represents science statements and one does not know what justifies them. So science knowledge does not represent the world, but science constructs it. And those constructions are not neutral, but they serve a purpose to somebody or something. That is why the committed social science should not describe the world, but change it. There occurs a question: What function may the methodology fulfill in these conditions?

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