POLONIZMY SYNTAKTYCZNE
SYNTACTIC POLONISMS

Summary/Abstract: In the present article the author sets out to analyze syntactic mistakes made by Polish learners of Russian. Several groups (or types) of syntactic mistakes may be distinguished accordingto the structural differences that occur on the syntactic levels of Polish and Russian. On the basis of the analysis of the various types of mistakes the author comes to the conclusion that the so-called interference of the source language consists in nothing else than in syntactic substitution by which he implies the transimission of concrete messages of the target language by means of the syntactic structures of the source language. Every language, apart from structures that it has in common with all other languages, has its own peculiar syntactic structures, e.g. the Russian ‘где бы ты ни был’, ‘куда ни посмотришь’, ‘с кем бы то ни было’, ‘снам не сбыться’, ‘нам этого не сделать’. Such structures should be given more attention to by Polish learners of Russian. Next, the author discusses in detail such problems as the scope of grammatical forms both in Polish and Russian, forms of dependent cases, the scope of certain parts of speech, verb reaction, word order, the ways of combining word components, and the syntactic properties of the word.

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