Sieci jednostek naukowo-badawczych jako istotny element w polityce innowacyjnej państwa. Przykład polskiej Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz
Networks of research units as an important element in the state’s innovation policy. An example of the “Łukasiewicz” Polish Research Network

Summary/Abstract: The article presents the theoretical implications of creating a network of scientific and researchunits in the framework of innovation policy. Multidimensional approaches are presented for theclassification of scientific and research networks. The present solution was analyzed in comparisonto similar institutions in selected European Union countries, i.e. Germany, Netherlands, Franceand Finland. In this context, the assumptions of the first Polish scientific and research network(“Łukasiewicz”) are presented. The creation of this network has been described in relation tostructural conditions on both the supply and demand sides. The main purpose of the article is toindicate the demand and supply conditions that may condition the operation of the first Polish networkof scientific and research institutes. The supply conditions include: the method of selecting networkinstitutes, their research specializations, and previous results related to knowledge and technologytransfer. The demand factors include: the innovative activity of Polish enterprises, companies’expenditures on purchasing knowledge from external sources, and the number of companies thathave implemented innovations and indicators related to social capital, including those related totrust in business. The research methods used to operationalize the research goals were the mediumrange system method, the institutional and legal method, and historical neo-institutionalism. Theresearch thesis assumes that the effectiveness and efficiency of scientific and research networks as aninstrument of the state’s innovation policy is conditioned by institutional and social factors, whichrequire a longer time perspective and suitable legal and institutional instruments for the occurrenceof positive effects. The conclusions and recommendations regarding the Polish network wereformulated based on Polish conditions and foreign experience. The presented analysis shows that thedecision to establish a network of research institutes in Poland and the defined goals of its operationare correct. The indicated demand and supply conditions are not as optimistic; therefore, suchactivities as internationalization, restructuring of institutes, effective mechanisms of networking andexchange of resources, enforcement of commercialization results and the active role of the state, atleast in the initial period, will be important for the effectiveness of this institution.

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