MANAGEMENT OF PENSION SYSTEMS AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL WITH REFERENCE TO SERBIA
MANAGEMENT OF PENSION SYSTEMS AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL WITH REFERENCE TO SERBIA

Summary/Abstract: The pension system is one of the most important segments of any national economy. It absorbs, that is, disposes of large financial resources and is considered an important financial institution, since often through the quality of the pension system one can relatively well see the orderliness of society itself, ie the quality of living standards and general satisfaction of the population. On the other hand, the number of pensioners on a global level is constantly increasing. The reasons are the increased life expectancy of the population, ie the improvement of living standards and quality of health care, reduced fertility, declining interest in marriage as an institutional and traditional community in which children are born, economic, demographic, health, immigration and other factors that objectively contributed an increasing number of the elderly, ie pensioners. This expressed increasing pressure on pension funds as a central institution, and thus on the status, ie life of pensioners. The old population, in which the majority are pensioners, have more or less become vulnerable groups that face the three biggest challenges: poverty, old age and illness. Of course, loneliness could be added here, where retired men or women find it difficult to live the last days of their lives in their advanced years. Countries at the global level, especially countries in transition, are not committed to retirees and often see them as a burden to society and the state. Economic crises have also led to moral crises in which traditional family ties have been broken and the moral obligation for heirs to provide assistance to their ancestors. And not only that. In modern conditions, the elderly and pensioners not only support their own, but also the families of their children, and even the third generation, ie grandchildren. Analyzes show that numerous crises have actually reduced pension funds, and pensions as well, as an exercised and acquired right, which in legally regulated systems represent inviolable right, meaning that pensions cannot be questioned, ie reduced, not paid, or redirected to other budget funds. items or expenses. In other words, today pension systems and pensioners on a global level face two problems, namely: reduction of pension rights, ie funds in pension funds, and on the other hand increased need of elderly people, ie pensioners, such as medical needs, need for special nutrition , medicines, consumption of special needs such as recreation, rest, respect and the same treatment with other parts of society. The paper also deals with the issue of the pension system and pensioners in Serbia. The crisis of the Covid-19 pandemic also contributed to the further deterioration of the status and material security of pensioners. This group has experienced numerous discriminations, restrictions and often deprivation of basic human needs which are guaranteed by the documents of the international community. The aim of this paper is to address the issue or problem of pension systems at the global level, in order to determine the ranking of successful or quality pension systems, as well as the basic elements on which annual value indices are calculated, as well as the pension system in Serbia.

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