UIGUR SEPARATISM IN PRC: HISTORICAL AND ECONOMIC REASONS INTRODUCTION
UIGUR SEPARATISM IN PRC: HISTORICAL AND ECONOMIC REASONS INTRODUCTION

Summary/Abstract: Summarizing all the facts described in the paper, the main factors which influence Uighur Separatism in China showed up. They can be divided into two groups, “Uighur factors” and “Chinese factors”. As “Uighur factors” can be named the historical heritage, different traditions from Han Chinese, Islam religion, different language, protection of identity, a hope to re-establish independent state. As “Chinese factors” can be enumerated deep penetration into Uighur geographic area with the main purpose to rule and influence the region; also Chinese efforts to demonstrate their cultural supremacy; furthermore, rational economic incentive, because Xinjiang is very rich in natural resources such as oil, jade, minerals, cottons, and also dessert area, which can be used for Chinese scientific purposes. But what Uighurs protest against Chinese penetration and does not want to second-class citizens. And the historical situation and economic repressions from the Chinese side influences so called separatism. What can be done in the future to improve Han-Uighur relations? Looking from the local perspective, Chinese can soften economic expansion, and to respect at least what they promised in the Constitution, that ethnic minorities and Chinese all are equal. Also, China should understand that the standards of the Han cannot be applied to national minorities . It is evident, that in the case of Uighurs China is facing with national dichotomy, but not integration. Thus economical development and political repressions will not satisfy demands of national minorities in the 21st century. Also, in short run China can stabilize situation while continue the double economic opening of Xinjiang by implementing projects such as Great Islamic Circle, Western Development Plan. Participation of Xinjiang maximizes its role in the Open Door policy, and promotes local autonomy. Also, China has try to find proper communication channels with Uighur diaspora abroad, and to prove that it wants just peaceful cooperation for both sides. As for Uighurs, they will not stop to seek their independence, but they should be as much transparent as they can not only in the international level, but also in local. It is better for them to resist peacefully, demonstrating maturity and trust for everything they are doing. And if in long run chances happen, may be they will get independence, or at least improve their situation. In long run, China should change its political and economical path. China will become developed country, will start to respect human rights, will be more liberal and in some sense democratic. And all the circumstances will satisfy both sides – Chinese and “Uighur Separatists”

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