Transformacja energetyczna w Unii Europejskiej w latach 1990-2021
The energy transition in the European Union in the years 1990–2021

Author(s): Bogusława Drelich-Skulska, Paweł Brusiło
Subject(s): Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Energy and Environmental Studies, Economic policy, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, EU-Legislation
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu
Keywords: Unia Europejska;transformacja energetyczna;polityka energetyczna;odnawialne źródła energii;
Summary/Abstract: Energy transition is one of the global challenges that is part of a wider process of adapting the European Union’s development strategy to climate change and its energy policy. The aim of this chapter is to present the EU’s energy transition from 1990 to 2021, in relation to the EU’s energy policy objectives. The authors have reviewed the literature on the energy transition in the EU, selected macroeconomic indicators characterising the structural transformation in the energy sector of EU members and the legal acts that shape this process. The chapter presents the results of studies that show a significant increase in the importance of renewable energy sources (RES) in the structure ofprimary energy consumption and changes in the structure of final energy consumption in individual sectors. During the period under review, the EU adopted ambitious targets and instruments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, from the energy sector and to increase energy efficiency in general, which translated into a significant change within the related indicators. On the basis of the research carried out, it can be concluded that the energy transition process in the EU has led to significant structural changes in this area, characterised by significant dynamism and impact of the energy policies implemented by the European Union.

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