Cyberspace in the Operations Planning Process
Cyberspace in the Operations Planning Process

Author(s): Nicolae Macovei
Subject(s): Security and defense, Military policy
Published by: Centrul tehnic-editorial al armatei
Keywords: cyberspace; cyber operations; planning process; tactical level; operational environment;
Summary/Abstract: Ensuring cyber security has become increasingly important and culminated in the recognition of cyberspace as an operational environment, along with land, water, air and space. Operations in the cyber environment must be planned, integrated and synchronised with operations in other operational environments. The armed forces carry out cyberspace operations and support activities in this field as part of the joint operation. In the modern war, the superiority in the cyber environment ensures a decisive advantage to the commanders from all echelons. This is achieved through a human, technological and procedural combination. The military is accustomed to seeing the effect of their actions on the battlefield, in a physical environment. However, cyber operations take place in a virtual environment, and their effects are sometimes difficult to identify.

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