Publisher: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Adama Mickiewicza

Constitutional Barriers to the Applicability of Private Law in the Public Sector. A Comparative Study with Particular Emphasis on Polish and German Law

Constitutional Barriers to the Applicability of Private Law in the Public Sector. A Comparative Study with Particular Emphasis on Polish and German Law

Author(s): Rafał Szczepaniak,Katarzyna Kokocińska,Marcin Krzymuski / Language(s): English

Keywords: Law; Private (Civil) Law; Constitutional Law; Public Law; Administrative Law

The underlying assumption of this book is that in the special environment that is the public sector, certain features of what we call civil law manifest themselves with particular force through contrast. An analysis of the application of civil law in the public sector is somewhat akin to an intellectual journey to the source of the Amazon. If one seeks a new, fresher view on civil law institutions and the civil law method of regulation, then this possible precisely through observing how they are applied in this particular environment. Observation of the application of the institutions of civil law provenance in the public sector actually prompts one to conduct a detailed analysis, which can be described as a kind of anatomy of civil law. It involves analyzing individual civil law institutions and arrangements, discovering their nature and the fundamental elements they consist of, as well as identifying the axiological and praxeological foundations that contributed to their development. The analysis carried out in the monograph indicates multiple relationships between civil law and constitutional law. The authors hope that this monograph will contribute to clarifying the relationship between these two branches of law. In this monograph, the authors raise the question whether, in the light of the provisions of the current Constitution, there are barriers standing in the way of using private law in the public sector. The authors respond in the affirmative to the question formulated in this way. In their opinion, due to the specific nature of the State and other public entities, some of the institutions of civil law lose their raison d'être in the public sector, and the nature of others undergoes change to a lesser or greater extent. This phenomenon can be observed, for example, in the sphere of exercising subjective rights by public entities, in the sphere of their tort liability, in their legal capacity and freedom of contract, as well as in relation to such institutions of law as unjust enrichment. The legislator and the public bodies applying these laws, in particular the courts, should take this phenomenon into account. Otherwise, there may be violations of the standards of the democratic state of law, including the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens. In conclusion, the authors consider the need for developing a sub-branch of civil law which would find its application in the public sector.

The particular difficulties of Arab-speaking learners of German. My experiences on integration courses for refugees and immigrants

Zu einigen Schwierigkeiten arabischsprachiger Deutschlerner. Meine Erfahrungen in Integrationskursen mit Flüchtlingen und Migranten

Author(s): Alicja Sakaguchi / Language(s): German

Keywords: integration courses; German as a foreign language; language acquisition in adulthood; difficulties for Arabic-speaking German learners; alphabetization od refugees; errors of competence; errors of performance

The purpose of this essay is to highlight the main difficulties in teaching German to Arabic-speaking refugees. The difficulties discussed in this paper include, on the one hand, pronunciation and spelling errors and grammatical and syntax errors that are typical of Arabic-speaking students of German as a foreign language, and on the other hand, types of errors that affect German learners of a different linguistic and cultural background. This essay addresses issues related to teaching German to adults and is part of the reflection on the methodology of teaching a foreign language during integration courses for refugees. The specific linguistic difficulties and irregularities observed in the teaching practice constitute the starting point of this essay. The inspiration for its creation was the author’s work as a teacher of German on integration courses, including courses for non-literate people (illiterate), which she has have been teaching at AIM in Aschaffenburg (Germany) since 2015. The topic of refugee integration is very topical in the European Union and is increasingly present in social and political debates.

At the Crossroads, Around Midnight. Border Experiences in East Slavic and Polish Flk Songs

Na rozstajnych drogach, około północy. Doświadczenia graniczne we wschodniosłowiańskich i polskich pieśniach ludowych

Author(s): Piotr Braszak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: border experiences; traditional folk songs: East Slavic; Belarusian; Lemko, Polish; Russian; Ukrainian; memory; tradition; border

This publication is devoted to border experiences in East Slavic and Polish folk songs. The introduction presents the specific nature of the subject matter and outlines the basic definitions and problems faced by researchers of folk songs. At the beginning of the analytical part of the work, the research material is described, then presented in a comparative form, with quotations from source texts and comments based on academic studies. The conclusion emphasises the importance of several images that have been preserved in the functional memory of traditional communities, and that have emerged as a result of analysing the material collected. Further research perspectives on the issues raised are also suggested. The book closes with an appendix with the translation of the quoted East Slavic works into Polish and a bibliography.

Philology and the Challenges of Specialist Communication. From Cooperation with Business to Teacher Training

Filologia wobec wyzwań komunikacji specjalistycznej. d współpracy z biznesem po kształcenie nauczycieli

Author(s): Elżbieta Gajewska,Magdalena Sowa,Joanna Kic-Drgas / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: specialist language teaching; cooperation with the economy; foreign languages; philologies; modern languages education

The publication is a three-author monograph prepared in cooperation with the Pedagogical University in Kraków (KEN), Maria Skłodowska-Curie University in Lublin and Adam Mickiewicz University. The study programmes of philology studies at Polish universities are subject to constant evolution in order to adapt to the expectations of the changing labour market and boost their graduates' employability. Changes in the profile of education of philologists are sometimes very important. This publication analyses three areas in which it is particularly visible how philology studies open up possibilities for their graduates' professional careers in a company, which is understood here in broad terms: these areas are cooperation between the university and the business environment, preparing students to communicate in a foreign language in specialist contexts, and training teachers of specialist languages who can respond to the expectations of specific audiences. The study programmes of six popular philologies at 22 Polish universities were analysed, i.e. English, German, Romance languages, Hispanism, Italian and Russian studies. The authors have sought to describe the forms and methods of university education on neophilology degree courses through the prism of the main assumptions of specialist glottodidactics. Therefore, this monograph is, on the one hand, a record of the real state of affairs, which can be observed in terms of the curricula offered on neophilology degree courses in Poland. On the other, it is also an illustration of how and to what extent the theoretical and methodological assumptions of specialist glottodidactics impact on the shape of each training programme preparing for the profession. The rich research material forming the basis of this study makes it possible to discern the changes that have affected the education of philologists in Poland, and to show the place specialist language teaching has in current neophilology education. The results of the analysis indicate the directions for developing the teaching on offer, and may also act as an inspiration for potential modifications.

Women's Experience of Their Military Careers. A Socio-Pedagogical Study

Wojskowa kariera zawodowa w doświadczeniach kobiet. Studium socjopedagogiczne

Author(s): Aneta Judzińska / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: women; military; career; gender socialization; social and professional roles

This publication deals with the issue of military careers as experienced by female officers from the Officer Corps of the Polish Army. The author believes this experience to be very important in both the social and academic dimension. The social importance of this issue is part and parcel of a broader context of cultural transformation regarding gender roles. On the one hand, this means a gradual shift in the conviction that biological gender determines educational and professional choices. On the other hand, it points to the lingering traditional presumptions regarding the scope of duties belonging to the notions of male and female. It is reflected, among other things, in the division of professions into female- vs. male-dominated. The need to explore the issue is highlighted by the small number of publications and very little research devoted to women in the military. Therefore, the author adopts a qualitative approach in order to gain an insight into the professional experiences of women within the Officer Corps of the Polish Army, which consequently broadens the knowledge we have on the issue. This aim is also reflected in the socio-pedagogical perspective taken up in the present publication, which makes it possible to reconstruct military educational career paths and to analyse the processes of their formation regarding the complex experiences of socialisation, education and professional development.

The Teacher (Not) Supporting the Pupil – the Importance of Teachers’ Social Competences

Nauczyciel-wychowawca (nie)wspierający ucznia – o znaczeniu nauczycielskich kompetencji społecznych

Author(s): Magdalena Piorunek / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: teacher-educator; student’s support; communication with students; teacher’s social competencies

The monograph considers a particular role for form teachers that extends beyond strictly didactic activities and involves their relationships with students, in which teachers support their students and help them handle stressful and difficult situations, and also facilitate decision-making processes. To be able to meet these requirements, teachers should be mindful and know their students' needs, whether educational or related to their lives; they should be ready to act and apply varied and relevant support strategies based on effective communication with children and adolescents, which requires well developed social competencies that can be used to provide support to students. The research findings presented in the monograph (and obtained using various research paradigms) have numerous research “approaches” as their background. These results show the (non)supportive roles performed by form teachers, taking account of their social competencies, as seen from the perspectives of students and teachers alike. The major objective of this discussion is to present the help and support processes developed by a form teacher for students in the school environment. This publication was written for both theorists in the field of education, in such subdisciplines of educational studies as counselling, school pedagogy, pedeutology, and also for practitioners who decide on how the form schooling takes and how it developes, but first and foremost, it was written for all teachers themselves.

Discourse of the History of Science

Dyskurs historii nauki

Author(s): Tomasz Falkowski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: history of science; history of discourse; historiography; French history of science

The monograph can be regarded as an attempt to answer the following question: How is the history of science written? By putting French-language works produced from the eighteenth to the beginning of the twenty-first century (within such fields as historical epistemology, hermeneutics, studies of science and technology, archaeology of knowledge, history of mentality, ecology of practices, structuralism, historical anthropology, etc.), the author presents the most significant and nodal points in which the discourse on the history of scientific ideas and achievements faced numerous specific difficulties, problems, aporias or challenges. The analyses presented in the book show: how historians are confronted with the various visions that scientists themselves have had and still have of the historicity of science; that historians are faced with scientific disputes whose image was later imposed by their ‘winners’; that the same method used to describe both early and modern science appreciates scientific achievements and yet denigrates them; that historians writing about science and its history are never in a distant (neutral) position, for they are themselves part of a crucial event, the emergence of modern science; and that not every historical description of scientific phenomena corresponds to that of those who shape science.

How children and adolescents with ADHD function in educational and social space

Funkcjonowanie dzieci i młodzieży z ADHD w przestrzeni edukacyjnej i społecznej

Author(s): Sonia Wawrzyniak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: ADHD syndrome; how children and young people with ADHD function; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; strategies to help children and young people with ADHD

Cooperation of preschool children

Współpraca dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym

Author(s): Anna Rybińska,Kinga Kuszak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: preschool child; preschool; preschool child cooperation

Cooperation is among the key competences in the 21st century, and attention should be drawn to the importance of this competence for lifelong learning and the development process. This competence may be developed when individuals function in conditions conducive to undertaking joint actions with other people. Younger children already display dispositions to cooperation (as indicated by research conducted by M. Tomasello's team, for example), while children of preschool age are ready to undertake various types of activity together with their peers, older and younger people (as evidenced by the research findings quoted by the authors). The monograph deals precisely with the issue of preschool children's cooperation in changing contexts and perspectives. The authors attempt to look at the continuing changes in the perception of preschool children's competence to undertake and implement joint activities with other people. They draw attention to this change on a continuum: from categorising the child in mid-childhood as incapable of cooperation, to them suggesting cooperation with other children and teachers, through to including himself/herself in joint activities with adults in their local environment. They cite more and less well-known studies and their findings regarding the issue of cooperation among preschool children. The authors attempt to capture the changes in the perception of preschool's role and tasks, as well as teachers' relationships with children's parents and the wider local environment. These changes have tended to move from a managing and directing role for teachers to an increasingly broader understanding of cooperation as a key element of the 'culture of the educational institution', involving the collective setting of aims, rules, conditions for cooperation, ways of implementing activities etc. An example of a solution derived from modern psychological, sociological and pedagogical concepts of preschool children's interaction competence is the project "Preschoolers at the University" implemented in the Faculty of Educational Studies since 2014. THe authors devote a chapter of the monograph to this project. Presenting the assumptions of the project, the authors draw attention to the creation of a common space, a space in which various entities cooperate: representatives of the university; teachers and students, preschool heads and teachers, preschool children and their parents. They refer to selected statements and comments by project participants. In the following part, they refer to the children's angle on cooperation with others, using comments made by preschool children. At the end of the study, they present selected games conducive to fostering cooperation between preschool children.

The Doctorate

Doktorat

Author(s): Emilia Grzesiak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: PhD; academic degrees; education; career

This book presents issues related to doctorates and doctoral studies in various contexts. It describes their social significance, taking into account their value to society, and also explains their continuing popularity. The publication has an ordered structure consisting of seven chapters. The first and second chapters reconstruct the concept of the doctorate, starting with its history and then moving on to possible understandings and perceptions; the types of doctorate and different approaches to it are considered. The third chapter is devoted to the rituals associated with the awarding of doctorates. It focuses on matriculation, understood as an academic ritual, and the social significance of academic rituals and symbols, as well as the nature and course of the PhD thesis defence. The fourth chapter describes the role of the doctorate, which often constitutes a conscious and deliberate turning point in a career, whether academic or non-academic, or in the strictly private dimension. The fifth chapter is a synthetic analysis of the transformation processes in the modern-day university. It addresses the issue observed nowadays of the commercialisation of the knowledge acquisition process. Moreover, it presents current approaches to research and academic careers, as well as referring to the issue of diploma inflation (e.g. in terms of the theory of credentials). Chapter Six outlines selected contexts of access to doctorates. It analyses the participation of women in doctoral studies and identifies opportunities for foreign students to realise their academic ambitions. The final chapter presents the psychosocial aspects of writing a doctorate, starting with the ways of selecting candidates for doctoral studies. It addresses a variety of issues, starting with the choice of the topic of the doctoral dissertation, through doctoral seminars, the issue of tutoring and mentoring in doctoral studies, the role and importance of the supervisor in the process of writing the dissertation and conducting research (also in the context of the phenomenon of indexing and the ubiquitous fight for points), and ending with problems and difficult situations occurring during the process of writing one's dissertation, such as isolation in academic space.

Education in China

Edukacja w Chinach

Author(s): Anna Mańkowska / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: comparative education; education in China; China; school in China

The book consists of four main chapters constituting specific thematic sections. The first section presents the cultural determinants of the education system in China. The author's interpretation shows the cultural foundations of education in the Middle Kingdom. The traditions of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and legalism in education, the Chinese tradition of guanxi and the approach to globalization changes in the field of education were described. In the second section, the reader will find a description of the education system (macro perspective) and an explanation of how the Chinese system works and is structured in terms of organization, management, monitoring and financing of education. The next section is devoted to selected educational aspects in the era of globalization changes (mezo perspective) in the light of changes in the educational law, announced in May 2021, which officially requires education and upbringing in the "Chinese spirit", such as: moral education, testing students, using AI (artificial intelligence) in education, special education, extracurricular education or education of ethnic minorities. The fourth and last section presents the three main actors of the education system (micro perspective) and explains how teachers, parents and students function in the Chinese educational system.

Supporting the creative artistic activity of children from socially disadvantaged backgrounds

Wspieranie twórczej aktywności plastycznej dzieci ze środowisk defaworyzowanych społecznie

Author(s): Michalina Kasprzak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: education; creative pedagogy; creative artistic activity; supporting creative activity; social disadvantage

The book presents the current results of research and scientific analysis concerning the study and comparison of the creativity of children from socially disadvantaged environments, with particular emphasis on creative artistic activity from a comparative perspective. The issues discussed in the book reveal the complexity of the issues raised, indicate mutual dependencies and constitute a valuable source of knowledge in cognitive, theoretical and practical terms. What makes this publication extremely valuable is its theoretical reconstructions as well as how it indicates the pedagogical implications for educational practice in the context of supporting the creative artistic development of children and presenting them in various scenes.

Academic Diploma Inflation in Contemporary Society

Inflacja dyplomu akademickiego w społeczeństwie   współczesnym

Author(s): Anna Sobczak / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: higher education; graduates; labour market; overeducation of society; academic diploma inflation; university

The publication is devoted to the current phenomenon of overeducation of society and academic diploma inflation. Its subject matter fits into the Polish and international discussion on the relationship between the functions of the university, the labour market and social structure. The author attempts to analyse the problem stated in the title both in the theoretical context and in relation to social reality. In the latter case, she reconstructs this issue as it manifests itself in Poland and in the United States based on the subject literature. The author also presents the results of her own research relating to university graduates' perceptions of academic diploma inflation. The book indicates that the phenomenon of academic diploma inflation is an obvious social and educational challenge for contemporary society and also describes possible spheres of activity in this area.

Remote learning

Kształcenie zdalne

Author(s): Mariusz Przybyła / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: distance learning; e-learning; b-learning; pandemic, coronavirus; COVID-19; remote learning; media in education; information technology; ICT

Mariusz Przybyła's main areas of teaching and research are new media and their impact on individuals and communities, including: contemporary approaches and development perspectives of distance learning (m-learning, b-learning); remote education platforms; creativity, innovation (online); the phenomenon of the digital gap; media convergence; higher education didactics; university management; methodologies in scouting organizations; cyborgization of education; gamification of education; security in educational systems.

Polish Sign Language in the Experiences of People with Hearing Impairment, their Parents and Rehabilitators

Polski język migowy w doświadczeniach osób niesłyszących, ich rodziców i rehabilitantów

Author(s): Aleksandra Rożek,Anna Jakoniuk-Diallo / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: sign language; a person with damaged hearing; a deaf individual; culture of deaf individuals; bilingual education; bimodal raising

The monograph Polish Sign Language in the Experiences of People with Hearing Impairment, their Parents and Rehabilitators is a book in the field of surdopedagogy, dealing with the issue of the place that sign language occupies in the process of supporting the development of the deaf and hard of hearing. The authors themselves define this place as important in relation to early development support, education, and identity building, as well as what is broadly understood as the social integration of these groups. Their theoretical considerations are illustrated by research carried out in the interpretative praradigm. People with hearing impairment, as well as their parents and physiotherapists as respondents share their subjective view on the importance of sign language in their own life. In this way, for some of the respondents, the story about the place of sign language in their own experiences became a way of fighting for the right to disseminate this language as a means of communication between cultural minorities in Poland.

The experience of cancer

Doświadczanie choroby nowotworowej

Author(s): Natalia Ulaniecka / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: cancer; cancer patients; social functioning; needs of cancer patients; problems of cancer patients; interpersonal relations; family; hospital; social support

Cancer is becoming an ever greater problem, not only for individual health, but also for society as a whole. Statistics show that more and more people are experiencing the oncological illness. This serious, potentially fatal disease undeniably affects life and functioning, not only in the physical aspect, but also in the psychological and social, the latter being a dimension which often seems to be overlooked in discourse on this problem. In the case of oncological diseases, the treatment of which in many cases is radical and where the disease itself has particular social significance, this impact is especially significant. Thus, a large and extremely important niche appears in the area of scientific and practical interest concerning support for the quality of life and everyday functioning of those with oncological diseases. Referring to theory and the results of her own research (based on interviews with cancer patients and specialists), the author describes extremely important aspects of living with and alongside cancer. She addresses issues related to family functioning, social functioning and functioning as a patient. This book aims to familiarise readers with the specific difficulties experienced by those suffering from cancer as well as their needs related to this illness. This may be the first step towards greater understanding and support for people coping with cancer.

A thorn of nostalgia

Cierń nostalgii

Author(s): Jerzy Danielewicz / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: lyric poetry

Cierń nostalgii (The Thorn of Nostalgia) is a unique anthology of world lyric poetry, containing poems about love, life and death written in different epochs and countries. What they have in common is reflection on the passing of time and the meaning of existence, a sense of the irreversibility of fate and melancholy. The original works are accompanied by translations by Jerzy Danielewicz. Collecting in one book similar thematically poems of about 80 poets writing in different languages and times (from the 7th century BC to the 3rd century AD and in the 13th-21st centuries) will certainly facilitate the access of poetry lovers to these not always easily accessible works, many of which deserve to be called masterpieces.

Blanchot and Pessoa on the Paths of Indifference – Identity Challenges – Retrospection of Indifference)

Blanchot i Pessoa na ścieżkach indyferencji (wyzwania tożsamościowe − retrospekcja indyferencji)

Author(s): Piotr Orlik / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Maurice Blanchot; Fernando Pessoa; identity; anticipation of indifference; retrospection of indifference

The following monograph presents and analyzes the identity challenges in Maurice Blanchet’s Thomas the Obscure and Fernando Pessoa’s The Book of Disquiet in terms of philosophical problems taken up by David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Martin Heidegger, (among others), as well as in the context of the aesthetic and philosophical concept of “making the indifference present” presented by the author in several dozen other texts. The following tome is the third in the cycle In the Presence of Indifference. On the Possibility of Constituting of Post-indifferential Wholeness. The second tome – Epictetus, Stirner, Hume on Paths of Indifference (the Aspect of the Challenges of Identity – Part One) explores the identity challenges associated with the acts of “anticipation of indifference”, and the third extends the scope of research to the acts of “retrospection of indifference”.

With whom and to where?

Z kim i dokąd?

Author(s): Wojciech Hofmański / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Polish language; Polish as a foreign language; proper names; nomina propria

Supplementary textbook for teaching Polish as a foreign language. Level B1 / B2; scope: Proper names (nomina propria) in the perspective of language subsystems and certified language skills.

Linguistic Studies on Modality

Językoznawcze studia nad modalnością

Author(s): Romana Łapa / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: modality; modal exponent; modal meaning; general language; legal language

Linguistic Studies on Modality is a series of several texts, methodologically located in the linguistic trend, which highlights the characteristics of predicative modal expressions in general Polish and legal language. Some of these are contemporary materials, in which the current state of research on the modal category is discussed, along with the usefulness of semantic syntax both in the description of linguistic and legal modality, the factors allowing a linguist to recognise the meaning of deontic modal exponents in Acts, and also the ways of justifying a normative directive in the Code of Canon Law. The second part of the publication consists of reprints of the author's earlier articles, which are an important point of reference for contemporary considerations.