Publisher: Етнографски институт САНУ

Mediterranean advice from an expert story teller. Anthropological reading of Simo Matavulj`s works

Медитерански свјети са мајстором приповедачем. Антрополошко читање дела Симе Матавуља

Author(s): Dragana Radojičić / Language(s): Serbian

Many authors, who have researched Matavulj’s works, have mentioned the ethnographic elements found there, sometimes even unintentionally, but as a result of the way they experienced and wrote about the world around them. A number of scientific works have been written, master and doctoral thesis have been defended, lectures and scientific gatherings held and the Collection of works of Simo Matavulj has been published in more editions. “…there are not too many writers who, in their artistic creation, knew to use their own life experience in a way Simo Matavulj did. The events he witnessed, people he met, stories he heard among people-all of them found a place in his stories”- states Marko Car. Matavulj`s works contains not only the historical testimonies but interesting travel descriptions as well. Not only did he portrayed coastal and Montenegrin areas but he was also the urban writer, introducing modern topics and characters into the Serbian literature of the time. Ivo Andric claimed that Matavulj “expanded geographical borders of Serbian short story that had been Balkan and middle European before that. He brought the elements of the seafarer`s life, of sea and all the possibilities that the sea opens for a men”. Every character from Simo`s stories “has two lives, one on the land and the other one, directly or indirectly, at the sea that represents the wide world. Matavulj wasn`t considered modern and avant-garde for his time just because he introduced Swedish gymnastics but the reviewers rated him as a writer who was the closest to the European realism among all his contemporaries.

We Are Germans. The ethnic identity of members of the German national minority in Vojvodina at the beginning of the twenty-first century

Ми смо Немци. Етнички идентитет припадника немачке националне мањине у Војводини на почетку 21. века

Author(s): Aleksandar Krel / Language(s): Serbian

The presence of a German population in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, in the north of the Republic of Serbia, is the result of historical circumstances. They were settled there at the time of the mass colonisation of Southern Hungary and the Middle Danube region in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. This colonisation—aimed at boosting the economic and defensive military capacities of the territories annexed to the Habsburg Monarchy as a result of a series of Austro-Ottoman wars— changed noticeably the ethnic map of that part of Europe. During this highly complex migratory process, large numbers of crafts men, farmers, public servants and army veterans, attracted by enticing benefits, left the German lands/principalities to settle and make a home in the Pannonian Plain. Until the twentieth century most settlers lived in rural areas, functioning as small and rela tively closed agricultural communities. Their members lived abiding by religious principles and observing customs, which helped them to preserve their local German dialects and develop distinctive cultural features. Some of those settled in urban areas made a significant contribution to the economic and cultural de velopment of present-day Vojvodina. After the First World War and the disintegration of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Germans in Vojvodina, Croatia, Slove nia and Bosnia became citizens of the newly-created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (SCS) and were soon recognised as a national minority. In the interwar Kingdom of SCS (renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929) the German minority made every effort to preserve its ethnic and cultural distinctiveness: many cultural and political organisations were active and productively participated in the public and political life of the country. The defeat of the Third Reich in the Second World War caused much trouble for the German community in Vojvodina. As was the case with the German minority in all of South-East Europe, the participation of many Yugoslavs of German origin in military, paramilitary and police forces which had fought on the side of the defeated Germany led to almost all members of the German minority being labelled as collaborationists and incurring widespread odium as such. For the purpose of punishment, Yugoslav authorities set up camps for mass internment of German Yugoslavs who had not fled before Yugoslav partisan and Soviet Red Army troops. Pursuant to newly-adopted regulations, the internment was combined with the loss of property and civil rights. Only a few thousand members of the German community were exempted from the sanctions and allowed to keep their citizenship and property, usually on account of their own or a family member’s participation in the People’s Liberation Movement (NOP). In the early 1950s the process of dissolving the camps and repatriation took place. As most members of the German minority chose to emigrate to Germany or Austria, in the mid-1960s there remained in Yugoslavia only a small number, and mostly concentrated in Vojvodina. Their position was gradually improving, but the hardships they had experienced and the strong antiGerman sentiment in the wake of the war led them to opt for the strategy of ethnic mimicry. In that period, the Germans of Vojvodina consciously concealed their own and publicly demonstrated ethnic identity symbols of the ethnic communities that enjoyed an advantageous social status. Their ethnic mimicry strategy was made much easier by the markedly multiethnic, multicultural and multilingual character of Vojvodina, and the transfer of ethnic identity symbols was also bolstered by a high rate of ethnic exogamy and their shared religious affiliation with members of neighbouring ethnic communities.

The Moon Grammar

Месечева граматика

Author(s): Ivana Bašić / Language(s): Serbian

The monograph, The Moon Grammar - Identity and subjectivity in Doctor Faustus by Thomas Mann and The Damned Yard by Ivo Andric researches the subject of identity and the relation between subjective and objective, individual and collective, which are the focal points in contemporary anthropology, as well as in narratology with a distinctive difference that narratology is focused on the status and identity of the narrator and diversory relationship between the narrator and the narrative text. In this research the narrative analysis is used to outline the anthropological implications of the literature that was read from the narrative structure in Doctor Faustus by Thomas Mann and The Damned Yard by Ivo Andric. This indicates that the anthropological reading of literature could be based on analyses of the formal characteristics of the literature allowing the intentionality of a literary text. In the literary texts the intention is entangled with the way of structural expression because it activates and exploits the intentional potential of the language. Due to this reason we have concentrated on establishing the intentional structure in Doctor Faustus and in The Damned Yard through a narrative analysis to achieve a more thorough reconstruction of extensional structure of the narrative world and its distinctive anthropology, especially when the subjects of identity and subjectivity are analysed. Both literary works address aesthetical, ethical, religious, ideological, sociological and existential questions. On the aesthetical plane, after the fall of the totalitarian ideologies, the art displays symptoms of general intellectual climate. This period is characterised with criticisms of humanistic values of mind, objectivity of science and progressive ideas, including the traditions of Enlightenment. These literary works can be read as indicative announcements of postmodern suspicion in the human being as a self-identifying subject and as a forecast of contemporary crisis of identity. The result that these social, cultural or spiritual events have brought us could be characterised as alignment, problematizing or even eradication of identity borders of personality or as explicit continuation of Thomas Mann’s – Moon-grammar. Polyphonically organised narrative is analogue to the eradication of identity borders of personality, which sense is in displacement of monological unity of the narrative subject with itself regardless of the primary style of narration (from 1st person to 3rd person).

Serbs in Timisoara

Срби у Темишвару

Author(s): Mirjana Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian

This book is dedicated to the customs, culture and way of life of Serbs in Timisoara. The emphasis is on the strategies of constructing and achieving community and layered identities (national/ethnic, dual, regional, local) within a historic discourse. The data presented in this book has been gathered through various means. Aside from archival material and statistical data on the life of the community, as well as relevant theoretical approaches in the study of ethnicity, the most important data was acquired through fieldwork. The research began in 2002, and took place over a series of short-term visits to the city in 2002, 2003 and 2005. The method of participant observation was applied to many everyday as well as festive situations in the family and social lives of Serbs in Timisoara. I have attended numerous liturgies, weddings, christenings, choir and folklore association rehearsals and performances, family and social celebrations and sporting events. Interviews, surveys and informal conversations were conducted with members of the community encompassing both sexes, all ages and varying social status, political and religious affiliations. Among my informants there were people whose connections to the church weren’t strong, as well as people from mixed marriages. Aside from this, I had tried to gather data on the lives of Serbs between the World wars or earlier indirectly – through the narratives of their descendants.

Youth Music Jargon and Youth Slang. A Comparative View: Serbian-Russian

Музички жаргон младих и Молодежный музыкальный сленг. Компаративни поглед

Author(s): Sofija Miloradović / Language(s): Serbian

Keywords: slang; music; youth population; Serbia; Russia

This monograph considers a type of the youth slang which refers to the world of music as one of the very important interest areas of the young people (some of whom are deeply involved in it while others are just gathered around it), and which also labels them as members of the particular social group, serving them too ― which is here less important ― as a tool for affirming themselves within the group. Namely, it is about the young adults whose way of speech witnesses the way how they feel, experience and interprete the musical reality. This heterogeneous group of the young people, who may differ in social background and educational level, do share, however, a common communication code (lexicon) relative to the musical context. The monograph presents how the slang lexemes listed in the appended Serbian and Russian music mini-lexicons have been created or, in particular, (1) the models of their structure formation, including the productivity and frequency of some suffixes, their meaning/function, as well as characteristic details from the derivation point of view; (2) their semantic motivation for naming certain entities. The chapter entitled Obratni muzički pogled na žargonizme [A "Reverse Musical View" on the Slang Lexemes] analyses the slang use of musical terms for naming various non-music entities and concepts. Finally, a comparative analysis of the two mini-lexicons has been undertaken on a synchronic perspective in order to highlight the basic structural correspondences between the music slangs of the young people from the two Slavic milieus.

Inheritance between Customs and Law with special Reference to the Area of Vranje

Наслеђивање између обичаја и закона сa посебним освртом на област Врања

Author(s): Jadranka Đorđević-Crnobrnja / Language(s): Serbian

Inheritance relation and institution of inheritance are the main subjects of this book. Inheritance is a process regulating the transfer of property by the deceased among his/hers inheritors. The transfer of property, assets, as well as certain rights and obligations from the deceased to inheritors settles in probate proceedings. Since 1955, inheritance in Serbia can be two fold: legal and testamentary. The Serbian legislature does not recognize other inheritances, such as inheritance contract. Therefore, an inheritance is possible only when a person dies, or when a person is declared dead. Legal inheritance presumes the deceased is inherited by his/hers legal inheritors, divided into inheritance levels according to kinship relatedness and kinship lineage with the deceased. Furthermore, inheritors of the closer inheritance levels exclude from the inheritance inheritors of the further inheritance level, hence the principle of exclusion is applied. The first inheritance level includes the deceased biological and adopted offspring, as well as conjugal partners. Persons related by blood with the deceased, that is, related by birth, have an equal right to inheritance as persons related by civil kinship, that is, related by adoption with the deceased. Gender equality of all offspring is one of the main legal rules of inheritance established by the socialist legislature in Serbia. Legal inheritance also assumes the rule according to which all inheritors of the same level have an equal right to inheritance. An exception to this rule is a spouse, for he/she, within legal inheritance, is entitled to one half of the deceased assets. That is, this inheritance portion is larger than inheritance portions of the deceased’s offspring, or all other inheritors. Testamentary inheritance, in contrast to legal, grants a person to dispose his/her property at own discretion. At the same time, the Law on Inheritance regulates that a testament cannot be open or property divided until the death of the Testator. In this way, compliance is attained between rules about testamentary inheritance and general rules of inheritance, as defined in the Law of Inheritance. Despite this regulation, practice often witnesses deviations from certain legal normative. Disagreement of theory and practice is not a sole characteristic of inheritance but also of other spheres in civil law. The institution of inheritance and inheritance practice do differ, however, from other law spheres in explicit parallel application of legal and customary normative. This parallel practice is in application throughout Serbia for more than a century in spite that civil law and legislation do not consider customary normative as a source of law. Customary law, due to this refutation, so represents an illegitimate law system. This issue provokes a number of questions, primarily: within legal and testamentary inheritance, how it is possible to have a parallel application of legal (official) and customary normative while at the same time, the whole procedure is considered legal? The parallel application of customary and law normative is not problematic solely in this matter but also raises a concern of collision in between the two respective normative. The collision emerges as a result of essentially different, opposed principles of inheritance within the two law systems.

Twentieth Century Spectacle Music and Power

Спектакли XX века музика и моћ

Author(s): Miroslava Lukić-Krstanović / Language(s): Serbian

Images from Boka

Слике из Боке

Author(s): Dragana Radojičić / Language(s): Serbian

Making the Intangible Tangible. The New Interface of Cultural Heritage

Нематеријално наслеђе. Нова реалност и изазов културне баштине

Author(s): Dragana Rusalić / Language(s): English

(N)either Here (N)or There: Ethnic Identity among Serbs in Hungary in the Late XX Century

(Н)и овде (н)и тамо: Етнички идентитет Срба у Мађарској на крају XX века

Author(s): Mladena Prelić / Language(s): Serbian

On Politics, Identities, and Other Museum’ Stories

О политикама, идентитетима и друге музејске приче

Author(s): Ljiljana Gavrilović / Language(s): Serbian

Images of Europe. Research of Representations of Europe and Serbia in Early 2000s

Слике Европе. Истраживање представа о Европи и Србији на почетку XXI века

Author(s): Srđan Radović / Language(s): Serbian

Laughing at the Funeral. Gender and Anthropology in the Greek Funerary Rites

Смех на погребу. Антички грчки погребни ритуал у родној и антрополошкој перспективи

Author(s): Lada Stevanović / Language(s): English

In between the Cultures of East and West

Између култура Истока и Запада

Author(s): Dragana Radojičić / Language(s): Serbian

Ideologies at Work. Marriage, family and sexual morality in Serbia in the second half of 20th century

На удару идеологија. Брак, породица и полни морал у Србији у другој половини 20. века

Author(s): Aleksandra Pavićević / Language(s): Serbian

Culture in Show-Window: Toward a New Museology

Култура у излогу: ка новој музеологији

Author(s): Ljiljana Gavrilović / Language(s): Serbian

The Kinship in the Region of Vranje

Сроднички односи у Врању

Author(s): Jadranka Đorđević-Crnobrnja / Language(s): Serbian

Main task of this work has been to examine kin relationships – in their range, content and function – of Vranje family with its extra-family relatives. The Vranje family forms kinship network wich is narrow in its range. Family maintains intimate relations with a small number of relatives, mainly with the nearest kin. Relatives up to the fourth cousins in lateral range, or in vertical range of lineage, are recognized as closer kin and with them the elementary family creates more intensive interaction and stronger connectedness than with genealogically more distant kin. Family interaction with the genealogically more distant kin is reduced to occasional gatherings. Geographic distance between a family and its relatives is an obstacle to intensive contacts and a limiting factor in forming higher degree of kinship connectedness. Low living standard also contributes that contacts among relatives are less intensive. Range, content and function of kin relationships depend upon: family structure, its internal organisation (performance of conjugal roles), situational factors, influence of psychological mechanisms and recognition of certain cultural patterns. The contacts of the Vranje families with their kin are shaped up, to a considerable extent, by traditional patterns of behaviour. Cultural patterns and kinship terminology are the part of kinship system wich change the most slowly. Changes that occur within the kinship system are for the most part structural in their nature, while content of the system is less prone to changes. In solving many of its problems, family relies on kin’s help. Relationships with kin in not limited in their role and importance only to kinship solidarity, but are included in socialization process of an individual. The kin relationships represent important part of social relationships in the modern world and they help in forming of structuralized social reality.

Ethnic Relations between the Serbs and other Peoples and Ethnic Communities

Етнички односи Срба са другим народима и етничким заједницама

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Slovenian,Serbian

SERBS IN CALIFORNIA - Ceremonial-religious practice and ethnicity of the faithful in Serbian orthodox parishes in California

СРБИ У КАЛИФОРНИЈИ - Обредно-религијска пракса и етницитет верника српских православних парохија у Калифорнији

Author(s): Gordana Blagojević / Language(s): Serbian

Keywords: Serbs; California; migration; ethnicity; religion; Christianity; diaspora; Orthodox Church; church schools; liturgy; baptism; wedding; funeral customs; monasticism; religious holidays;

Ова књига представља прилагођен и делимично измењен текст магистарског рада Обредно-релишјска пракса и етницитет верника српских православних парохија у Калифорнији, одбрањеног у децембру 2002. године на Одељењу за етнологију и антропологију Филозофског факултета Универзитета у Београду. Рад је настао као део пројекта Етнографског института САНУ број 2157: Традиционална култура Срба — системи представа, обреда и социјалних институција, који финансира Министарство за науку и технологију Републике Србије. Желела бих да се захвалим овом министарству чији сам стипендиста била током постдипломских студија, као и Министарству културе које је финансирало моје путне тропжове до Лос Анђелеса. Захваљујем се свим колегама у Етнографском институту САНУ чијим сам се искуством користила приликом израде рада. Најсрдачније се захваљујем мојим рецензентима академику Димитрију Стефановићу, др Душану Дрљачи, др Младени Прелић на корисним саветима и сугестијама, као и ментору проф. др Бранку Ћупурдији. Посебну благодарност дугујем епископу шумадијском господину Јовану, који је током мог боравка у Калифорнији у јесен 2000. године био владика западноамерички и који ми је дао дозволу за истраживање у његовој епархији. Желим да се захвалим и свештенству западноамеричке епархије које ми је помогло да прикупим материјал за израду овог рада, посебно јерејима Блашку Параклису из Оринџ Каун-тија, Петру Јовановићу из Сан Габријела, Марку Матићу из Сан Франциска и његовој супрузи Весни, као и свим испитаницима - људима добре воље који су учествовали у истраживању и допринели стварању ове књиге. Дугујем посебну захвалност др Андреју Симићу, професору антропологије на Универзитету Јужне Калифорније у Лос Анђелесу и проф. др Димитрију Ђорђевићу, са Универзитета у Санта Барбари (Калифорнија), члану САНУ. Највећу захвалност дугујем мојој сестри Татјани и њеном супругу Зорану Миловановић, који су сносили све трошкове мог боравка и истраживања у Америци - без њихове љубави и разумевања реализација овог подухвата била би немогућа. Истинску и усрдну подршку и у овом послу пружили су ми моји родитељи, којима неизмерно благодарим на помоћи и стрпљењу.

From Jagetić to Pittsburgh

Од Јагeтића до Питсбургa

Author(s): Sara Ivošević-Vukelić / Language(s): Serbian

Keywords: Serbia; USA; Jagetići; Pitsburgh; migrants; family; marriage; children; new life; ethnic community;

Време када је освојен Запад и кад су се државе ујединиле у републику прешло је у историју. Тежња за померањем последње границе и јуриш пионира као да су ослабили. Међутим, све док људи трагају за идеалима и променом и све док их привлачи непознато, они ће бити пионири. Почетком XX века били смо сведоци великог прилива таквих пионира — имиграната. Они су оставили извесност својих завичаја и отиснули се у неизвесност Сједињених Америчкнх Држава. Они су ризиковали своје здравље, породице и наслеђе за несигурну срећу у „новој земљи". Америка је била нова земља, земља пуна обећања за сиромашне класе. Можда су они који су остали у свом завичају припадали бољим класама и било је вероватније да би у хетерогености Америке изгубили свој статус; али имигранти, расељена лица, избеглице — сви су они иосили огртач пионира. Сара Вукелић Ивошевић била је такав пионир. Она се, као сасвим млада невеста, отисиула из тешког тежачког живота у неизвестан и тежак градски живот у непознатој земљи. Она је испољила храброст и дух неуобичајене за оно доба, а збуњујуће за данашње време. Њено порекло и дух дали су јој способност да се суочи са непознатим у новом свету. Она је имала особине пионира: марљивост, јаку веру, снажан дух и позитиван ум. Недостатке у образовању надокнадила је cовојом успешношћу. Захваљујући раду и јакој вери, постала је вероватно сасвим друкчија него што би била да није никад прешла океан. Њена прича може послужити као пример оним женама које се упуштају у непознато и одговарају на изазове. Модерно доба развијене технологије, образовања и друштвених реформи увело је жене у ново царство промена. Породични живот и професионално усмерење открили су широки спектар потреба. Суштина Сарине повести је у комбинацијама храбрости, мотивације и усмерења. Она је пионир, претходник, чији подвизи могу да оcветле пут онима који је следе. Оиа је нашла онај бели свет.