Keywords: verification of application; regularization of application; completion of application; modification of application; mandatory elements of the application; the lack of an element of application; time limit for changes/additions
The summons request regularization procedure is one of the new institutions of the NCPC (New Civil Procedure Code) that, by the fact that it is the first filter through which the content of the application is examined and reported to the new rules of the civil practice conduct, encountered in practice the fiercest opposition for application on behalf of all those for whom the subpoena request nullity came as a surprise; in an attempt to save obviously shapeless actions, discussions were launched on the court’s assessment limits, regarding the importance of the element omitted by the applicant when the summons request was drawn up, when it orders the annulment or refer to the incidence of other procedural sanctions applicable on the subsequent stages of the process; these interpretations must be rejected because they end up voiding the summons application regularization institution of content which, by the fact that it provides for the possibility of using a re-examination request or judicial stamp tax refund, has also set guarantees of respecting the fair trial right of the applicant.
More...Keywords: Traian Ştef; Mircea Teorean; Alexandru Muşina; Călin Vlasie; Florin-Corneliu Popovici; Maria Zintz; Paul Mucichescu; Adrian Mureşan; Rodica Grigore; Iulian Boldea; Dorin Ştefănaescu; Ştefan Borbély;
More...Keywords: Aromanians, Macedonian Romanians; Dobrudja; the Society Macedo-Romanian for Culture; Petru Vulcan
The present documents–extracted from three funds: the Macedo-Romanian Culture Society, the General Police and Security Directorate (National Archives), the Constanţa City Hall (Constanţa Branch of the National Archives) and the Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs – come to complete the testimonies published on Aromanian Dobrudja; there are listed personalities, facts and actions of national-cultural character, the official acts that prove their quality as „Macedonian Romanians”.
More...Keywords: Ileana Mălăncioiu; Romanian poetry; literary portrait;
This segment includes a series of texts about the poetry of Ileana Malancioiu.
More...Keywords: MARIA ELENA MICŞA; 1940; 1941; Năsăud; adolescence;
In the present pages there is a rendition of a teenage girl diary from Năsăud,named Maria Elena Micşa, written between 1938 and 1941, during a difficult period inthe author’s short life, marked by the separation of her parents, the beginning of theSecond World War and her poor physical health.The diary, which shows a true literary talent of the author, was written inConstanţa, where Maria Elena Micşa had moved with her mother in order to find amore suitable climate to her health. Unfortunately, she will die there shortly after, in1942.
More...Keywords: Bosporus; 1st c. AD; Aspurgus; numismatics; epigraphy;sculpture;
The study was conducted to clarify the current understanding of the situation on the Bosporus during the reign of Aspurgus (14/15—37/38 AD). The objects of study were the coins of this sovereign, lapidary inscriptions in the texts of which he was mentioned, as well as monuments of fine art: reliefs of the Ara Pacis and a portrait of the king from Panticapaeum. Reasons have been identified that prompted Aspurgus to issue coins with monograms, rather than a legend containing his name and title. In the course of the study, it was concluded that this ruler was one of the younger representatives of the Sapaeans and Zenonids house related to Julii. He accepted the title of a great king and agreed to be deified in order to legitimize his power on the Bosporus.
More...Keywords: Valeriu Cristea; Florența Albu; Eugen Todoran; Mircea Cărtărescu; Gheorghe Grigurcu;
More...Keywords: Pogrom; riot; anti-Semitism; anti-Semitic violence; the Dreyfus Affair; Jewish intelligentsia; Jewish emigration;
This study approaches a little known episode in the history of Iași: the pogrom of May 16, 1899. At the end of the 19th century, Iași was a center of the anti-Semitic movement in the Old Kingdom. Anti-Semites complained that Jews had become more numerous and more influential than Christians in the local economy. The 1899 pogrom was preceded by other Judeophobic turbulences in several cities, Bucharest included. This article points out the viral character of the idea that violence was an instrument to „solve” – or to speed-up the solution to – the Jewish question. International events, such as the Dreyfus Affair or Russian pogroms, also played a role in the dynamic of events. The perpetrators of the 1899 Iași pogrom were involved in previous incidents and tried to unite in a national or regional anti-Semitic movement. The Iași pogrom was the peak of violence and resulted in numerous injured people and widespread devastation. The atmosphere changed forever in Iași and Jewish-Christian cohabitation became extremely difficult afterwards. Because of this pogrom and other similar incidents, thousands of Jews left the country – they are known as „fussgeyers”. A conclusion of the study is that the anti-Semitic discourse and the appeal to violence had a local tradition, this feature being under-researched, in spite of the fact that it proved influential to the 20th Century history of Iași, which was devastated by another pogrom, in 1941.
More...Keywords: theology; Irénée de Lyon; doctrine; soteriology;
Der junger Plinius hatte als Prokonsul von Bithynien seinen beruhmten uber die Christen an Kaiser Traian geschrieben, und dieser mit den klassischesn Worten seiner Erwiderung „Conquirendi non sunt” friedlichere Tage fur die Kirche Christ eingeleitet. In dieser Zeit, um das Jahr 115 wurde, wenn man den Forchungen Zahns folgen will, in Kleinasien ein Mann geboren, der nach der Bedeutung seines Namens ein Friedensmann sein sollte und der die Lehranschauungen der christlichen Kirche zum erstenmal in ihrer Gesamthait ausfuhrlich darlegte und begrundete. Es ist Irenaus, der spatere Bischof von Lyon, dem schon die alten Kirchenvater und Schriftsteller die hochste Verehrung entgegenbrachten. Tertullian nennt ihn den unermundlichen Erforscher aller Lehrsysteme, einen Mann von hervorragender Heiligkeit und Bedeutung. Eusebius bezeichnet ihn als einen hochst glaubwurdigen Zeugen und tapferen Vorkampfer fur die Wahrheit des katholischen Glaubens. Diese dem heiligen Irenaus ist in seiner Art ohne Vorlaufer. Mag er seinem innigst verehrten Lehrer Polycarpus, zu dessen Fussen er sass, dessen Wort er in sein Herz aufnahm, dessen Bild ihn bis ins hochste Alter begleitete, dessen spatere Briefe er mit grosster Aufmerksamkeit studierte, noch so vil verdanken, mag er manches von Papias ubernommen haben, dem er als einem Zeugen des apostolischen Zeitalters leicht zu viel Glauben schekte, mogen die wiederholt von ihm zitierten Presbyter Asiens an ihm einen auch noch so gelehrigen Schuler gehabt haben. Mithervorrandem Scharfsinn und heiliger Begeisterung hat er die Verteidigung der in der Kirche von den Aposteln niedergelegten Lehre durchgefuhrt. Demgemass arhalt die Darstellung der christlichen Lehre, die der irrlehre gegenubergestellt und als bekannt vorausgesetzt wird, erst den zusammenhangend sein. Selbst wo Irenaus eine gewisse Systematik oder chronologische Ordnung versucht, wird diese durch Einwande und Rekapitulationen der Irrlehre immer aufs neue unterbrochen.
More...Keywords: the First World War; the priests; the diocese of Roman;
Le 22 janvier 1918, l’évêque de Roman, Teodosiu Athanasiu, recevait de la part du Ministère de l’Instruction publique et des Cultes, I.G. Duca, une adresse dans laquelle il lui demandait “un compte-rendu de toutes les paroisses” concernant l’activité des prêtres pendant la période 1er janvier 1917 – 1er janvier 1918, avec la nomination de ceux qui se sont distingués en “soignant les malades ou en protégeant les orphelins …”. Comme les temps exigeaient que les liens spirituels entre le prêtre et la communauté soient plus étroits que jamais, les responsables de l’église ont rédigé des rapports exposant leur activité ecclésiale et extra-ecclésiastique (tenant des sermons, en remplaçant les enseignants et les professeurs mobilisés dans les écoles; ils étaient sur les listes de souscriptions ouvertes pour l’aide aux réfugiés et aux orphelins; ils se sont occupé de la collecte de fonds pour la Croix-Rouge et ils ont mené une activité au sein des commissions agricoles et dans les banques populaires).Dans cet article nous avons étudié les rapports du prêtre Petru Popa du Régiment 56 d’infanterie, du curé de l’Ėglise Saint Jean le Théologue de la commune de Dagâța, du prêtre N. T. Davidescu de Șcheia, du prêtre de Crivești, Strunga, du curé Gheorghe Cușmaliuc, Muncelu de Sus, Mogoșesti, du curé I. Popovici, de Tg. Bacești et du prêtre Al Laiu, de Miclăușeni.L’étude de ces rapports, qui ont une véritable valeur documentaire concernant l’histoire de la Première Guerre Mondiale, qui se trouvent dans le fond des documents intitulé Protoieria Roman du Service Départemental de Neamț des Archives Nationales, nous a permis de mettre en évidence l’activité polyvalente des prêtres. Leur enregistrements retracent la vie quotidienne des soldats roumains, de la population civile, les réalités du front, des aspects liés aux opérations militaires des années 1916-1917, des aspects concernant l’état de santé, de l’hygiène de l’armée roumaine et des habitants des paroisses: ils nous donnent des informations concernant les épidémies de typhus exanthématique, de fièvre typhoïde et du choléra.Des modèles spirituels dignes d’être suivis, les clergés de l’Église orthodoxe roumaine se sont efforcés de faire leur devoir envers eux-mêmes, envers leur nation et envers Dieu.
More...Keywords: historiography; sculpture; silence; Brâncuși; interpretations;
This paper has a recapitulative character, thus far from normative. However, a research with a historiographic dominance cannot possibly point out accurately Constantin Brâncuși’s representations about his own work; nor can it reveal a historicity of the view that the taciturn artist may have suggested, at least in conversation with his close friends. The author merely highlights the ways in which exegetes translated Brâncuși’s sculptures into the language of highly varied cultural codes, either autochthonous or exotic. How many more reinterpretations can The Table of Silence bear? Sometimes, specialists have formulated their interpretations in an acceptable manner. Other times, though, they went too far (i.e., by inventing a little plausible aesthetics of Brâncuși)
More...Keywords: Nativity; diocesan bishop; pastoral; Metropolis of Muntenia and Dobrogea; Homily;
he pastoral letter presents the message of the diocesan bishops of the Metropolis of Muntenia and Dobrogrea on the occasion of the celebration of Easter in 2021. Containing short teachings of faith and pastoral exhortations, the letter was read in all the churches in its jurisdiction.
More...Keywords: Valea Mare; Catholic community; modern age;
This study is a result of a series of field and archive researches, accomplished by the author in the Catholic community from Valea Mare. The study does not have as an aim to analyse the location itself (Valea Mare), but the people, the ones who have founded and preserved its existence.
More...Keywords: Nativity; diocesan bishop; pastoral; Metropolis of Muntenia and Dobrogea; Homily;
The pastoral letters presents the message of the diocesan bishops of Metropolis of Muntenia and Dobrogea: † DANIEL, Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church, † Nifon, Archbishop of Târgovişte, † Teodosie, Archbishop of Tomis,† Calinic, Archbishop of Argeş and Muscel,† Ciprian, Archbishop of Buzău and Vrancea, † Casian, Archbishop of Dunărea de Jos,† Vincențiu, Bishop of Slobozia and Călăraşi, † Galaction, Bishop of Alexandria and Teleorman, † Ambrozie, Bishop of Giurgiu, † Visarion, Bishop of Tulceaon the Nativity of our Saviour Jesus Christ celebration in 2021. Containing short teachings of faith and pastoral exhortations, the letter was read in all the churches in his jurisdiction.
More...Keywords: Radu Gyr; prison poetry; war prisoners; anticommunism resistance; communist repression;
In this study, we aimed to reconstruct the history of the batch where the poet Radu Gyr was sentenced to death in 1959, based on the Securitate documents. Thus, we will analyse the national context in which the arrests took place, we will precisely identify the artisans of repression and their roles, we will decrypt the logic and methods applied by them in the investigations, and last but not least we will analyse the finality of the process, with its reverberations in the era.
More...Keywords: participation; retribution; retributivity; justification; providence;
In order to identify the guidelines that the meanings of God’s righteousness have and for the purpose of a first outline, the present research examines scriptural places where the notion of “ righteousness” is present in the substantive variant (ἡ δῐκαιοσύνη), in 35 Psalms. It is Psalms 4, 5, 7, 9,17, 21, 22, 30, 34, 35, 39, 44, 47, 49, 50, 51, 64, 68, 70, 71, 84, 87, 88, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 102, 110,117, 118, 131, 142 and 144. The research, undertaken from the orthodox dogmatic perspective, shows that in the corpus of the Psalter the following meanings of this Attribute of God are highlighted, organically interwoven and modulated by specific moments in the History of Salvation: God’s participating righteousness; God’s guiding righteousness; God’s retributive righteousness (in general); retributive as Providence; retributive as Right-Judgment and God’s vindicating righteousness. All these six meanings are relevant in the discussion of theodicy, for which the present research wishes to provide “raw material”. The research will approach some topics (such as the curses in the Psalms) that implicitly relate to the relationship between God’s Righteousness and the existence of evil in the world, i.e. theodicy. Even if this theme is not a favorite subject in contemporary Orthodoxy, it belongs in Orthodox dogmatic theology and needs to be articulated, especially in today’s historical horizon.
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