Keywords: Izgradnja i razvoj informacionog društva; informaciona i komunikaciona tehnologija (IKT); modernizacija arhiva; elektronski arhivi; sistem upravljanja (electronic records management) i arhiviranja elektronskih dokumenata; elektronsko dugotrajno arhiviranj
This article shows how new information technologies make an important contribution to archive service. Role and place of archives in the contemporary information society are determined by a range of elements. Important factors that determine place and role of archives are archival administration and records management. New information technologies inside archives have become more attractive to users of archives, which is the purpose of their existence. Modernization of archives institution in Serbia, in relation to European progress, is lagging almost the whole decade. Reasons for that are mostly in the economic sphere but also in technology, history and politics. In this paper I deal with perspectives, ways and modalities of further development of informatic society, precisely of place and role of archives in Serbia in up-to-date informatic around. Applying of informatic tehnologies is evidenced in every single brench of economy, every scientific field, in all structures of society and state, as much as in reserching, administration, production activity, marketing and culture. New technologies offer new possibilities, but they also open new questions. In the context of information revolution most European archives have decided about further directions in their developing, mostly about professional, theoretical and practical issues in archives. There is increased using of Internet in archives for easier and undisturbed access to their funds and archival collections. Everywhere in the world we can see serious effort on developing and applying software which would be able to connect existent international standards ISAD (G), ISAAR (CPF) with standards for proper processing of electronic documents. Experience and versions of software enabled applying standards for electronic (digital) archives and on that way we can create unique virtual world archive.
More...Keywords: sound archives; sound collections; cultural heritage; STS; SCOT; cultural anthropology
This paper argues that sonic heritage does not exist per se, but is socially constructed. Rather it arises from various measures of accumulating knowledge with respect to the collected sounds. A variety of actors, for example, scholars, or foundations, participate in this process by editing parts of the collections, publishing ethnographic or historic studies, and conducting digitisation projects. In this context, sound collections are identified as ‘cultural heritage’ as a consequence and result of archival practices. The processes that are linked to cultural heritage will be outlined and discussed in the present research in line with the model of the social construction of technology (SCOT). More specifically, the social construction of sonic heritage will be illustrated with a case study on the Edison-cylinders collection in the Berlin Phonogramm-Archiv, UNESCO Memory of the World since 2000.
More...Keywords: Unitarian church; sources; digitalisation
The Unitarian Church in Transylvania is connected, politically and theologically, to other nation states and faith communities in both East and West Europe. After providing the reader with a brief history of these connections, this article describes the effort to preserve the Unitarian faith and its associated cultural heritage in Transylvania, concluding with a short narrative of current experiences digitising the Unitarian documents and manuscripts held in the Archives and Libraries of Cluj (Kolozsvár/Klausenburg).
More...Keywords: churches; demolishment; priests; communism; persecution
The Archives of the Orthodox parishes are a source not used yet because of the disinterest manifested by clergy on one hand, and because of the chronological gaps most of them have on the other hand, so that it is very difficult to make a clear cut history of the parish life. Deposited in improper conditions most times, the parish documents were lost or damaged, especially the old ones, so that today they can be still used only with great difficulty. The most interesting documents of these archives are the reports drafted by the parish councils where part of the faithful participated, namely those elected by the parochial Assembly and by the servant priests. Most times they render the changes occurred in the life of the parish, the decisions taken at certain times in regard to the assets of the church, the renovations and changes the places of worship and their outbuildings passed through, buildings that used to belong to them or are still in their possession. There is very few information about the relationship between the Orthodox Church and the communist state in these archives, because the priests avoided noting down their own opinions about the political regime not to be accused of hostile attitude towards the “communist order”. Yet, some precious information can be gathered from the parish documents which help us learn how a series of decisions of the communist state influenced the religious life of the Orthodox communities. Because some of the archives disappeared in the rush of the demolishment during the last years of communism some information was lost which could have been useful today. I focused in my study on the archives of a few Orthodox parishes threatened by the urban changes that seriously changed the image of Bucharest. Most of the historical data are provided just from the period of these urban changes that focused on the demolishment of a few churches or outbuildings that belonged to them. Because the number of these churches is rather large and because I have already made some research on some of them, I focused on a few archives still in the possession of the churches that used to be threatened with demolishment, but which the political changes occurred two decades and a half ago saved. I succeeded in examining the archives of the parishes of Delea Noua – Calisit, “Hagiu” – Hala Traian, Calarasi Park and Mihai Bravu. The data found in these archives are scarce, but they help us form an image of the way in which the decisions of the communist state changed the life of the Orthodox priests and faithful.
More...Keywords: Chiune Sugihara; Refugees; Transit through USSR; Number of issued visas; Intourist; NKVD; Politburo; Josif Stalin; Vladimir Dekanozov;;
The article analyses activities of the Japanese Vice-Consul Chiune Sugihara, mainly focusing on his Kaunas period 1939–1940, when in the summer of 1940 he issued Japanese transit visas. Research is based on Russian archival sources: starting from Sugihara’s rejection as a translator in the Embassy of Japan in Moscow, later presenting USSR’s position regarding the transition through its territory via Trans-Siberian railroad. The article explains how decision on the Soviet side was made and what reasons forced Soviets to take such a decision. The role of Intourist, the official state travel agency of the USSR, and the agency’s sources are analysed, which provide several different interpretations of the transit, for example, it is stated in the agency’s documents that less children travelled with Sugihara’s visas than it is usually indicated in historiography. Finally, the issues related to forgeries of Sugihara’s visas and the number of people rescued by the Japanese Vice-Consul in Lithuania are discussed.
More...Keywords: Srebrnenica; Arhives; Historical;
Defter or teftr (register) is the cadastral tax register which was very neatly kept by the Ottoman Empire, almost from the very beginning. Defters contain data on villages, hocuse holds,number od household heads as well as ethnic groups in the area of the Empire.
More...Keywords: community archives; KARTA Centre Foundation; General Elżbieta Zawacka Foundation; education in archives
In general, community archives are grass-roots documentary initiatives built around a broadly defined community, which collect, preserve, describe and provide access to historical sources concerning a previously chosen topic, e.g. local history and traditions, a social movement, a minority, an ethnic group, an event or a person. The phenomenon of community archiving is not new, but only several years ago it started to be described by scholars in Poland. The article describes educational activities performed by two biggest and most influential community archives in Poland: the KARTA Centre Foundation in Warsaw and the General Elżbieta Zawacka Foundation in Toruń. Actions of these archives are shown referring to general understanding of education in historical archives, as well as specific situation of Polish archives, especially their mission to promote historical knowledge and local identity. Also promotional qualities of educational endeavours in archives are stressed.
More...Keywords: Curating; ethnography; folklore; creativity; archive;United Kingdom.;
This article describes how artists, scholars and curators have used folkloric collections and exhibitions as tools to explore the relationship between tradition and innovation. Contemporary art practice has seen a growing interest toward the use of folkloric material. With this in mind, in our curatorial work on the Forging Folklore, Disrupting Archives exhibition, we experiment with new methods of ethnographic representation. The article highlights the importance of animating folkloric and traditional objects through experimentation with collaborative, participatory and visual approaches.
More...Keywords: discourse analysis; archives of communism; religious repression
Our paper proposes to follow the history of the “Burning Bush”, a spiritual and cultural movement in the 1940s in Romania that had proposed the solution of spiritual resistance to communism through culture and faith. The analysis holds as key-concepts: discourse analysis, narrativity, semantics and hermeneutics, following the discourse of the Securitate’s archives with reference to the Burning Bush in terms of: - conflictual discourses: inquisitor vs. imprisoned; - motives and themes of the incriminatory discourse of the Securitate; - the existence of a master narrative of the archives.
More...Keywords: Russian Empire; Romania; Bessarabia; Danube River; naval history
Incidents involving the violation of sovereignty and international laws are always a reason for concern, especially if they take place between countries with an already strained relationship. The 1868 naval incident from Romanian Bessarabia, triggered by the Russian ship “Olga”, is a perfect example of this. Little studied archival documents from the Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs offer us insight regarding the details of this unfortunate event from 150 years ago and the response of both countries in its aftermath. Thus, based on the analysis of historical documents, we can draw conclusions in two directions: the Romanian-Russian relationship at the time, and how the authorities handled the investigation of the incident. Since the naval incident took place in one of Romania’s most disputed regions, Bessarabia, this only adds to the importance of this research topic.
More...Keywords: cultural institutions;archive material;professional archival work;cultural goods of exceptional significance;
In modern times and the process of globalization, the greatest challenge to successful business of eachorganization is the satisfaction and meeting the expectations of clients. This also applies to culturalinstitutions. One of the main goals of the Intergovernmental Historical Archives Valjevo is the satisfactionof users and researchers of archival material. The huge potential of this institution of culture is reflected inthe quality of professional work, the disposal of cultural goods of great importance, the application ofcontemporary theories in the fields of management, marketing, human resources, business decisionmaking and all this is a precondition for reaching positive results on the cultural map of Serbia. A surveyconducted in the Inter-Municipal Historical Archives of Valjevo provided the guidelines that the culturalinstitutions in Serbia should follow
More...Keywords: archival law; church archives; historical diocesan archive; archive in Płock; archive in Przemyśl; statute;
Diocesan archives in Przemyśl and Płock are one of the oldest institutional diocesan archives in Poland. The archives were established in 1927 and 1928, respectively. This article is intended to make a comparative analysis of the archives’ statutes. The archive in Przemyśl came into being as a current archive of the episcopal curia and a historical archive, whereas the archive in Płock only as a historical one. The statutes regulate the basis of the archives’ operations. They define their institutional separateness, identify their objectives and resources. The statutes also formulate basic principles whereby records are received. They also establish tasks and responsibilities of the director and other employees and provide general rules of making archive material available. In terms of content, the statutes cover the same topics, but they differ in detailed solutions. The differences arise from the specific functions of the respective archives in the dioceses.
More...Keywords: archives;libraries;museums;periodicals;scientific journals;
The article reports on the conference ”Periodical Publications from Libraries, Archives, Museums. Traditions - Functions - Outlooks” which took place on 4-5 March 2010 in Poznan. The organizers were the Kórnik PAN Library, the ”Zakłady Kórnickie” Foundation and Polish-German Cooperation Foundation. The aim of the conference was to present periodicals published by libraries, archives and museums with their origin, research activities and their role. The article summarizes the issues discussed at the conference.
More...Keywords: digitization; post-socialism; Czech Republic; archives
This article discusses the issue of the digitization of the archival materials of the Czechoslovak State Security (StB), the most important instrument of repressive policy during the communism (1948–1989). After 1989, a number of public disputes arose around the issue of the vast archive of the communist ministry of the interior. This situation reverberated in historiography, as well as in a broader public debate on what was called “coming to terms with the communist past”. With the arrival of digital technologies, digitization became a central point of this long and politicized debate. Seemingly a technical problem – digitization of archival materials that had been created by the State Security between 1948 and 1989 – became a battlefield of bitter disputes over who and how these materials should be stored, made accessible and interpreted.
More...Keywords: archives;Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Art in Krakow;Wincenty Bałys;Ludwik Jach;Ludwik Jach junior;Franciszek Suknarowski;Józef Jura;Roman Brańka;Karol Pustelnik;Karol Malczyk;
The author presents, on the basis of the archives of the Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Art in Krakow (Akademia Sztuk Pięknych w Krakowie), the history of the education of Ludwik Jach, Józef Jura, Michał Kręcioch, Wincenty Bałys, Roman Brańka, Franciszek Suknarowski, Karol Malczyk, Karol Pustelnik and Ludwik Jach Junior. The author also points out that some of the above-mentioned artists were admitted to the Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow as extraordinary students, i.e. those who, at the time of admission to the university, did not have full secondary education and passed their matura exam.
More...Keywords: Virgin Mary; Guillaume Du Fay; Gilles Carlier; foundation; liturgical feast; music; art; archival documents/archives; Cambrai; Ghent; France; Van Eyck; Adoration of the Lamb
From the thirteenth century until the French Revolution in northern Europe, foundations, which were gifts to churches of perpetual incomes, established or embellished liturgical feast days with music and even art (sculpture, paintings). Using the history of the feast of the Recollectio festorum beate Marie Virginis that was founded in Cambrai and other foundations in Ghent as examples, this study argues that the documentation for such foundations, still unexplored, can explain the variety in the liturgy and assist with the dating of manuscripts and associated art and music. Useful types of documents are surveyed, and future research of this kind is proposed, with French inventories of archives that provide details of documents recording foundations as one starting point.
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