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STUDIES: Szaber frenzy

STUDIES: Szaber frenzy

Author(s): Marcin Zaremba / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: looting (szaber); war chaos; culture of poverty; property pillage

The subject of this article is war, and especially post-war, szaber – a phenomenon of mass looting of unattended property. The text is divided into three parts. In the first part, I attempt to explain theoretically the origin of szaber, indicating (among other things) its links with the culture of poverty and a necessary condition for the szaber to take place – a moment of chaos and a temporary decline of the power structures. In the second part, I formulate a hypothesis that ethnic difference was a necessary condition for szaber to emerge. I illustrate it with examples from September 1939, when first we faced a phenomenon of mass looting of unattended property. The article also deals with the pillage of the ghettos by Poles in 1942. The third part is devoted to the highest wave of looting, which took place mostly in the Regained Western and Northern Territories, immediately after the war. The text is constructed in such a way that at the end I return to the origin of the phenomenon, formulating a thesis that it created a certain szaber culture.

The Adventures of a Stamp Collector in the Warsaw Ghetto: Franz Konrad’s Story

The Adventures of a Stamp Collector in the Warsaw Ghetto: Franz Konrad’s Story

Author(s): Katarzyna Person / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2013

Keywords: Franz Konrad; Warsaw ghetto; Operation Reinhardt; Nazi war criminals’ trials

Franz Konrad, the head of the Werterfassung – and institution, which seized and secured the property the deported Jews left behind in the Warsaw ghetto – was one of the key figures in the ghetto after the Great Deportation Operation. Up to 4,000 ghetto inhabitants worked in the Werterfassung collecting, sorting and transporting looted property. Even though the institution was believed to be a workplace that offered relative security, almost all of its employees were deported in April 1943. The article, based on the ghetto inhabitants’ memoirs, stenographic records of Konrad’s trial and his testimonies given right after the war, records the role that he and the property confiscation played both in the everyday life of the ghetto as in the implementation of Operation Reinhardt.

The Restoration of a Grűnderzeit Dressing Table at the End of 19th Centur

Restaurarea unei mese de toaletă Gründerzeit de la sfârşitul secolului al XIX-lea

Author(s): Livia Bucşa,Andrada Slevoacă,Victor Arren Turcu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: VIII/2011

Keywords: industrialization; bourgeoisie; Gründerzeit; Transylvania; furniture; restoration

The aim of this article is to present the historical and social context of furniture created at the end of the 19th century, in order to indentify the direct influence of industrialization phenomenon, the demand of the market and the bourgeois buyer. We describe the restoration process of a Gründerzeit dressing table, originated in a Transylvanian workshop in the last decades of the 19th century, so that one may perceive the piece as a spokesman for the society from which it came from. The result is relevant for understanding the subtle yet profound connection between society and the furniture with which it chooses to surround itself with. In our case, it tells the story of mechanization that greatly replaced the human factor, the loss of quality determined by an increased market demand and attention towards embellished superficial appareance that distracts the eye, from the crumbling core. Thus, the furniture becomes a silent witness, that restorers and conservators have the moral duty to understand, and deliver the message of the past, to the present man.

Albania: The Shock Waves of Corruption

Albania: The Shock Waves of Corruption

Author(s): Besart Likmeta / Language(s): English / Issue: 05/13/2008

Keywords: Bamir Topi; Enver Hoxha; arsenal; NATO; Sali Berisha; munitions; Military police; soldiers; press tour; Gerdec; violation; employment of children

Traumatized Albanian villagers count their losses, and the country’s prosecutor smells a rat, in the wake of the March explosions.

Preventing the Insect Attack on the Collections of Old Books and Icons

Preventing the Insect Attack on the Collections of Old Books and Icons

Author(s): Mina Adriana Moşneagu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2010

Keywords: preservation; pest; old books; icon

Preventive preservation of the cultural heritage represents the safest and most economical way by means of which the collection owners or custodians avoid difficulties related to the restoration of the degraded objects (difficulties such as high costs for such interventions or the decrease in the value of the objects on the market). Preventing the insects’ attack on the collections requires simple steps that are to create a clean preserving environment, with adequate microclimatic parameters, to eliminate the elements that could attract the pests inside and to prohibit the introduction of new objects into storage facilities without being checked and taken through quarantine measures by the conservators.

Firm and Labour Dynamic in Slovenian Manufacturing

Firm and Labour Dynamic in Slovenian Manufacturing

Author(s): Štefan Bojnec,Ana Xavier / Language(s): English / Issue: 80/2005

This paper presents patterns in the Slovenian manufacturing firm and labour dynamics by branches considering the entry and exit rates for the number of firms, employment and the firm size. Among the general development patterns, the number of manufacturing firms increased, and with labour shedding the number of employees and the average firm size in the manufacturing sector declined. There are, however, considerable differences across branches as only a few job- -creating manufacturing branches are found. Among the greater number of job destructive manufacturing branches, there are some traditional, low value-added, labour intensive branches. The increasing competitive pressures in the firm output markets are one of the most important driving forces for the more recent firm and labour dynamics.

THE GREEN MOSQUES OF ALEPPO

THE GREEN MOSQUES OF ALEPPO

Author(s): Rayna Holandi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2007

The article deals with some aspects of the green colour and the associations it evokes. It examines the projections of the colour regarding nature, medicine, transport, phraseology. Special attention is paid to the religion of Islam as green has a symbolic meaning there. The used materials are mainly from English and Bulgarian.

Bosnian Rivers

Bosnian Rivers

Author(s): Svetlana Slapšak / Language(s): / Issue: 3/2014

“Bosanske reke / Bosnian Rivers” is a family game, which we would play while traveling to the seaside by car, especially while chocking on the dust as we were crossing the craggy roads of Romanija mountain. I continued playing the game later in my life: even now, it is a pleasant pastime on my travels to Bosnia. The game is played on an “ousting” basis. You start by putting ten rivers on the list and continue playing until the champions reach the level of thirty rivers. After that, another, similar game—the mountains—is played. Needless to say, the game can be played with and in any part of the former country. One advice for beginners: you can never make a mistake with the Bistrica river.

AN ERGONOMIC STUDY ON ESTIMATING AND DECREASING OF VISUAL STRESS LEVEL CAUSED BY THE USE OF COMPUTERS

AN ERGONOMIC STUDY ON ESTIMATING AND DECREASING OF VISUAL STRESS LEVEL CAUSED BY THE USE OF COMPUTERS

Author(s): Pompiliu Golea,Petru Balogh,Valentin Inceu / Language(s): / Issue: 04/2013

Keywords: ergonomics; indicators of visual stress; ways to combat visual stress

The intensive use of computers in office work and its associated stressors, generate mental and physical demands regarding personnel engaged in this activity. This paper aims to assess the most significant psycho-physiological effects induced in a computer company and to identify direct and indirect symptoms of visual stress, perceived by staff working in the video terminals. Also very important are the organizational measures for the diminishing of visual stress that must be implemented by the employers. Finally some simple methods are summarized to reduce visual stress to be reached by every computer user.

Dystopian Reminiscences in the Romanian Contemporary Film (Miserabilist Stances in the Films of Mircea Daneliuc, Lucian Pintilie and Cristi Puiu)

Dystopian Reminiscences in the Romanian Contemporary Film (Miserabilist Stances in the Films of Mircea Daneliuc, Lucian Pintilie and Cristi Puiu)

Author(s): Ruxandra Cesereanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 29/2015

Keywords: Romanian Contemporary Film; Neorealism; Naturalism; Miserabilism; Mircea Daneliuc; Lucian Pintilie; Cristi Puiu; Topos.

This study analyzes the dystopian reminiscences outlined in the Romanian contemporary film, by exploring the cinematic work of three directors belonging to different generations (Mircea Daneliuc, Lucian Pintilie and Cristi Puiu), who assumed, to a greater or a lesser extent, the tenets of miserabilist neorealism – an “ism” that gained currency in Romania after the collapse of the communist regime.

Foreign Market Knowledge and SME’s International Performance: Moderating Effects of Strategic Intent and Time-to-Internationalization

Foreign Market Knowledge and SME’s International Performance: Moderating Effects of Strategic Intent and Time-to-Internationalization

Author(s): Mariola Ciszewska-Mlinaric / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

Keywords: foreign market knowledge; strategic intent; age at internationalization; international performance; SMEs

Objective: The objective of the article are threefold. First, to examine the significance of knowledge based resources for internationalization of small and medium sized enterprises. Second, to verify the strategic intent as a factor enhancing SMEs’ ability to accumulate the knowledge about foreign markets. Third, to examine whether and how strategic intent and time-to-internationalization moderate the relationship between foreign market knowledge and SMEs’ international performance. Research Design & Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 89 Polish firms operating in a low-tech but fairly internationalized sector. In line with a theoretical background, hypotheses are developed and tested with linear regression models. Findings: The findings reveal that foreign market knowledge (FMK) is positively associated with international performance (IP), and both, strategic intent and firm’s age at internationalization are moderators of FMK-IP relationship. Implications & Recommendations: Firms’ ability to clearly formulate the strategic intent brings important consequences for ability to accumulate knowledge. Strategic intent enhances the development of the stock of foreign market knowledge, which in turn enables firms to achieve better performance in international markets. Contribution & Value Added: The article seeks to contribute to the ongoing discussion on factors supporting the accumulation of foreign market knowledge by focusing on the role of strategic intent and time to internationalization in this respect.

The influence of external factors on the competitiveness of a company

The influence of external factors on the competitiveness of a company

Author(s): Raina Dimitrova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

Keywords: external factors; competitiveness; grades; indicators; furniture industry

External factors are influencing directly the competitiveness and the competitive potential of a company.The analysis and the evaluation of the scope and sustainability of the influence of external factors is a conditionfor the formulation of an adequate competitive strategy of a company. Within this context the goal of thisproject is to conduct an empirical study of the influence of external factors for the competitiveness of furnitureproducing companies, situated on the territory of the Blagoevgrad region. Conclusions are drawn on the basisof the results of the empirical study.

THE COLOUR-FORMING COMPONENTS OF PARK LANDSCAPE AND THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE HUMAN PERCEPTION OF THE LANDSCAPE COLOURING

THE COLOUR-FORMING COMPONENTS OF PARK LANDSCAPE AND THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE HUMAN PERCEPTION OF THE LANDSCAPE COLOURING

Author(s): Nadiia OLEKSIICHENKO,Nadiia GATALSKA,Mariana MAVKO / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

Keywords: landscape colouring; colour assessment; seasonal dynamics; colour perception; park landscape components.

The colour theory research in the field of environmental colouristics was analyzed and systematized, in particular the variability of the landscape colouring. The article is presenting results of the seasonal analysis of colouring of the Kyiv parks (Ukraine) by the author's method of landscape colouring assessment. Also, the classification of factors that determine park landscape colouring has been formed, namely features of perception, climatic factors and park landscape components. Based on the results of park landscape colouring assessment, the hierarchical structure of colour-forming components and influence factors of perception in landscape colouring were formed and the interconnections between these factors were revealed.

4D Printing as an Innovative Technology for Creating Agile, Shape Morphing Products Meeting Individual User Needs

4D Printing as an Innovative Technology for Creating Agile, Shape Morphing Products Meeting Individual User Needs

Author(s): Łukasz Wiechetek,Arkadiusz Gola / Language(s): English / Issue: 12.1/2019

Keywords: 4D printing; 4D printing projects, 4D printing market; shape-morphing products; active origami; active objects printing

3D printing is a quite popular technology, frequently used to create unique threedimensional objects. It has many areas of application: architecture, marketing, art, fashion music, but also marketing and business. In marketing and business, it is mostly used for increasing effectiveness of market research, faster product development, decrease logistics costs, or meet changing, unique customer requirements. Recently we can observe fast development of 3D printing consumables – filaments. Today’s printers can use not only synthetic materials, wood-like materials, resin, rubber, metal, concrete or paper but also new generation of smart materials. As a result of 3D printing development there can be seen a big interest in next printing generation – four-dimensional printing (4D printing). This technique can use a similar hardware as 3D printing but uses special filaments (polymers/hydrogels) so that the printed object can be transformed. Their physical parameters can be changed by adding some energy to the system, and because of that this technology is also called active object printing or shape-morphing systems printing. The aim of the article is to present 4D printing technology, its possibilities of usage and future applications mainly in the area of commerce and logistics. The paper contains brief characteristics of 4D printing technology, description on interesting and promising 4D printing startup projects. At the end of article, the authors present the impact of 4D printing technology on markets and business processes performance.

The increased importance of geolocation in retail trade in Poland – selected aspects of activities

The increased importance of geolocation in retail trade in Poland – selected aspects of activities

Author(s): Beata Reformat / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: geolocation; marketing communication;retail trade;

The article presents geolocation as a modern form of communication with consumers, which is based on new methods of sending information. This modern technological solution is increasingly used by enterprises in various industries, including retail entities. It has a very wide range of applications from the perspective of marketing activities of trade entities. Geolocation can be used in the process of the analysis, planning and implementation of the marketing activities accompanying market research, the segmentation process or the composition of marketing mix tools. The article applies secondary research in the form of a critical analysis of the literature, including the analysis of activities of selected entities who are leaders in the application of geolocation.

„Male” and „Female” Space in Greek Vase Painting on Bulgarian Lands (SYMPOSIUM and GYNAECEUM)

„Male” and „Female” Space in Greek Vase Painting on Bulgarian Lands (SYMPOSIUM and GYNAECEUM)

Author(s): Sasha Lozanova / Language(s): English / Issue: 18/2009

Married couples in creative symbiosis (Design and Architecture of the 20th and 21st cc.)

Married couples in creative symbiosis (Design and Architecture of the 20th and 21st cc.)

Author(s): Stela Tasheva,Sasha Lozanova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2021

Keywords: married couples of designers; creative tandems; achievements in architecture and design; the role of women; contemporary architecture and design

Comparative perspectives on the creative symbiosis of married couples (prominent artists) could highlight features that are not (usually) tracked in the studies of the art community. Understanding on such issues are also relevant today, due to the increased interest in gender studies in humanities. The works of renowned tandems in the history of modern design and architecture are followed in the study. The paper is only an initial “drilling” in the complicated area. The expected results are in the field of the history of architecture and design.

Between Political Agenda and Common Desire: Genealogy of Socialist Dwelling in Postwar Croatia (1945-1960)

Between Political Agenda and Common Desire: Genealogy of Socialist Dwelling in Postwar Croatia (1945-1960)

Author(s): Sanja Matijević Barčot,Ana Grgić / Language(s): English / Issue: 9/2021

Keywords: socialism; modernization; Croatia; socialist dwelling; informal housing;

“Do spaces have politics?” With this question, raised in the introduction to their acclaimed book Socialist Spaces: Sites of Everyday Life in the Eastern Bloc, historians David Crowley and Susan E. Reid open their research into the interactions between space and politics. Are there any physical and aesthetic characteristics that allow spaces to be classified according to a particular political ideology? In the public urban domain of the Eastern bloc it is fairly easy to detect spaces that, in the context of socialist ideology, answer this question in the affirmative. For the most part these are ceremonial spaces, monuments, people’s palaces, often with recognizable Socialist Realism aesthetic features. However, Crowley and Reid’s book also offers a whole range of examples that demonstrate how ideology permeated those spaces that did not necessarily possess the potential for representation, but rather belonged to the intimate domain of everyday life. Our paper follows this thread, examining the implications that socialist ideology had on the domain of housing in post-war Croatia, which was at that time part of Yugoslavia.

Immersive VR for Real Estate: Evaluation of Different Levels of Interaction and Visual Fidelity

Immersive VR for Real Estate: Evaluation of Different Levels of Interaction and Visual Fidelity

Author(s): Galvão Meirinhos,Samuel Martins,Bruno Peixoto,Pedro Monteiro,Guilherme Gonçalves,Miguel Melo / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: Camera ready paper; TEM Journal

This work presents a study on how an immersive virtual environment's level of interaction and fidelity can affect the quality of experience (QOE) in a real estate context. Four versions of the virtual space were created with the level of interaction and the level of fidelity varying between them. The QoE dimensions considered in this work are user satisfaction, lighting quality, interior space quality, and interaction features. The sample comprises 28 participants, of which 21 are men and 7 are women, aged between 18 and 29 years. Results show that, overall, the level of fidelity is more relevant when the level of interaction is low, assuming the movement around the apartment is statistically higher in highfidelity experiences

Eco-friendly entrepreneurship to promote plastic alternatives

Eco-friendly entrepreneurship to promote plastic alternatives

Author(s): Proma Barua,Rafi Ahsan,Jyoti Debi,Md. Tajul Islam,Naima Tasnim,Md Abid Hasan / Language(s): English / Issue: 8/2022

Keywords: green economy; green entrepreneurship; plastic pollution; plastic use; sustainability;

Plastic production has become a global concern, including in Bangladesh. Among all types of plastic products, single-use plastic is considered treacherous and the most responsible for damaging the natural environment. To replace plastics on a daily usage basis, the entrepreneurs of Bangladesh have reiterated some initiatives to manufacture and promote plastic alternatives. This study aims to assess the market potential, existing challenges, and users’/customers’ perceptions of the plastic alternative industry in Bangladesh. Key informant interviews (KIIs) with structured questionnaires were conducted among 15 plastic alternative entrepreneurs and 30 customers through online platforms. The framework analysis method was used to analyse and interpret the collected data. Despite highlighting some challenges, plastic alternative entrepreneurs contribute significantly to replacing plastic products, and the market potential is quite promising for this industry. Moreover, this study portrays an efficacious inclination of consumer behaviours towards using plastic alternatives. By following the concept of the green economy, the entrepreneurs of the plastic alternative industry in Bangladesh are gradually able to replace plastic products and contribute toward building a sustainable city.