Publications of the edition ‘Cultural legacy’ from 1964 to 1991
BIBLIOGRAFIJA IZDANJA U EDICIJI KULTURNO NASLJEĐE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE 1964. - 1991.
Publications of the edition ‘Cultural legacy’ from 1964 to 1991
More...Publications of the edition ‘Cultural legacy’ from 1964 to 1991
More...Keywords: Greek Borrowings; Albanian Lexis; word borrowings; lexis of a language
The purpose of this study is to distinguish the Greek borrowings in Albanian language and to define their role in the layers of the Albanian lexis. Even though Albanian is an Indo-European language, this fact does not mean that its entire lexical fund stems from its mother language Illyrian. The contacts and the relations with the other nations have brought even influences on the language. Borrowing the words in Albanian has come as a necessity to nominate an object or a concept under some certain historical and linguistic circumstances. The types of the borrowings and the historical periods which mark the access of these words in Albanian lexis are clearly specified in the study. Every historical concept is provided with examples, which are encountered in the dictionaries but even in the dialects of different regions, or with old words which are used in daily life.
More...Keywords: Sandzak; onymy; Balkan;
Ova toponomastička elaboracija nastavak je projekta započetog u Almanahu br. 44-45, sa ciljem da se lingvistički i historijski objasne neki relevantni toponimi na prostorima Sandžaka a komparativno i na širim regijama. Cilj ove onomastičke diskusije je ubikacija i etimološka analiza onih toponimskih struktura koje su do sada bile dio narodne etimologije temeljene na laičkim i proizvoljnim izmišljanjima pojedinaca ili na temeljima zatamnjenih predanja. Mnoge toponimske strukture namjerno su prekrivane tzv. novim retoričkim slojevima, često onim u službi neke političke ili vjerske ideje. Lokaliteti čija imena nose neki toponimi namjerno su zaobilaženi naučnim istraživanjima, osobito onim koja pružaju arheologija, lingvistika i historija.
More...Keywords: Handwritings; Oriental languages; Museum; Montenegro;
Na osnovu raspoloživih izvora, pregledom bibliotečkih kataloga i, koliko je bilo moguće, neposrednim uvidima u građu, izdvojili smo u ovom radu rukopise na orijentalnim jezicima koji svojim datumom nastanka, sadržajem ili ljepotom kaligrafskog ispisa mogu biti ubrojani u najznačajnije. Sticajem nepovoljnih okolnosti, vrijedan dio orijentalnog fonda udaljen je sa prostora Crne Gore ili je možda usljed još uvijek nedovoljne proučenosti raspoloživog rukopisnog korpusa na orijentalnim jezicima u Crnoj Gori još uvijek nedostupan, tako da rezultati našeg istraživačkog pregnuća predstavljaju djelimičnu i nedovršenu sliku najistaknutijeg dijela rukopisnog nasljeđa na orijentalnim jezicima, pohranjenog u arhivskim i muzejskim fondovima Crne Gore ili nastalog u Crnoj Gori. Preostali dio ove građe, posebno onaj u privatnim kolekcijama, nadamo se da će biti korektno procijenjen, obrađen i sačuvan od predrasuda, ili ravnodušnog i nestručnog odnosa institucija i društva uopšte.
More...Keywords: Blood vengence; Albania; Tradition; Modern society;
Osmanlijsko carstvo koje je nastalo početkom XIV vijeka, zasnovano na temeljima svoje tradicije i svoje vjere, predstavljalo je pravi primjer jedne moćne srednjevjekovne države. Nakon neuspjeha na tlu Evrope, ovo carstvo je od XVIII vijeka sa svojom imperijalnom strukturom, i kao velika sila, kako na vjerskom tako i na kulturnom polju, počelo da preuzima model zapadnih država. Prije preuzimanja ovog modela, osmanlijsko carstvo je vršilo napore na jačanju svoje države, ali do toga nije došlo.
More...Iz večeri u veče, na stepenicama crkve svetog Dujma, sa izvesnom mešavinom preciznosti i nehaja usled kojih su se prepričavana vremena često preklapala i preplitala, bivao sam odvlačen, kao i većina mojih Splićana, na sastanke sa davno preživljenim tragovima prošlosti. To podavanje povesti utiskivano je u naše uspomene u ponos u oholost u sve što je moglo da popuni ono veliko i prazno kod mladog čoveka.
More...Keywords: snow depth; snow factors; spatial interpolation; regression
The aim of the present research is to show the advantages of information technology in investigating the snow cover. The snow data is usually taken from the measurement in meteorological stations which are often sparsely and insufficient. The problem in the analysis of the snow cover is how to present point data spatially and what is the most appropriate model. The area of the present research is the western part of Rhodopes mountain (Southern Bulgaria). The relief is variable from low to high mountainous and the climate is influenced by the high altitude and Mediterranean air advections. The spatial analysis of the distribution of snow depth is done in ArcGIS by application of Spatial Statistics Tools and Geostatistical Analyst. We considered altitude, aspect and slope as explanatory variables that could be used for determination of the territorial distribution of the snow depth. These factors are determined on the base of digital elevation model and the relationship between variables is evaluated by application of regression analysis, ordinary less squares (OLS) analysis and geographically weighted regression (GWR). The high values of R2 (above 0.7) show the representativeness of the model. A map of spatial distribution of snow depth is created by Map algebra in GIS environment, applying the regression equation of the relation snow depth - altitude. Inverse distance weighted and ordinary kriging interpolation are also carried out. The research shows that spatial presentation of point snow data and its interpretation should be done taking into account the relief and the exposition of the territory.
More...Keywords: Croatia; Slavonia; mechanical movement of the population; national structure; the Serbs;
The subject of this paper are the ethno-demographical changes in the area of Slavonia during the last decade of the twentieth century. Focus is primarily turned to negative influences (direct and indirect) of socio-political changes on the mechanical movement of population. Especially, the influence of war on the movement of Serbian and Slavonic population in general is apostrophised. Leading hypothesis is that the peaceful reintegration of East Slavonia, Srem and Baranja caused less demographic shifts then the military operation "Flash" in West Slavonia. Used methodology consists of statistical analysis and interpretation of data collected from censuses and other secondary publications that featured data relevant to the subject of this research. The authors show the afore mentioned changes in ethnic composition of the population on several different levels (city level, municipality level and county level) following the modern day administrative distribution of counties in the Republic of Croatia to ensure comparability of two most recent population censuses (1991 – 2001). Contemporary demographic structure of Slavonia is formed by inherited negative trends in population movements from previous periods in history and a considerably strong mechanical drain of autochthonous population and the influx of new one from neighboring countries in the 1990s. Political and territorial changes as well as war conflicts that followed the collapse of the Yugoslav Federation carried with them clear characteristics of ethnic conflict, making the consequences particularly noticeable through selective war mortality, forced and impelled migrations and changes in the ethnic composition of certain areas. Population census in 2001. registered the absolute and relative decrease in population of Serbian nationality in Slavonia, or to be more accurate decrease of the population of Serbian nationality from 167,094 or 17.1% of the total population in 1991, to 78,085 or 8.8% in 2001. It can be concluded that the impaired sex-age structure of the Serbian population, along with the absence of a larger number of returnees of a younger fertile demographical profile from surrounding countries, predominantly from Serbia, will further influence the demographic aging of the observed populations, and therefore the decline of their share in certain areas along with increased ethnic homogenization of parts of Slavonia, i.e. Croatia. Somewhat more favorable demographic structure of the Serbian population is kept in Eastern Slavonia, where there were no mass emigrations.
More...Keywords: Ivan Franjo Jukič; Bosna; literárne dejiny; Balkán; Omer-paša Latas
The beginnings of the Croatian literature in Bosnia and Herzegovina are closely linked with the literary and cultural activity of the Franciscan order that settled there as early as in the 13th century. The first well-known author from the region was Juraj Dragišić (1448 – 1520), a humanist scholar and philosopher from Srebrenica. Respected in European humanist circles, this prolific author composed philosophic and theological works in Latin, spent some time in Dubrovnik, Paris and Oxford and travelled extensively throughout Europe. As Franciscans settled in this Balkan province, the church leaders as well as the Hungarian king, who ruled Bosnia at the time, expected them to fight the heresy spread by the Bosnian church, the so-called crkva bosanska (ecclesia Bosnae). The beginnings of the literary tradition in Bosnia and Herzegovina in vernacular were marked by its first printed book in 1611, an instructive prose work “Nauk krstjanski” written by the Franciscan Matija Divković (1563 – 1631) in bosanica – a version of Cyrillic script used at the time in Bosnia and Croatia. The author himself assisted the printing srocess in Venice, as no printing facility was available at the time in Bosnian territories. Throughout the 18th century, the Franciscan monks authored several chronicles with themes of universal history, the history of Bosnia and the history and survival of the Franciscan order in its most important monasteries in Fojnica, Sutjeska and Kreševo.
More...Keywords: Akathistos Hymn;Humor;Healing sands;Hodegetria icon;
Previous investigations revealed that a number of scenes in the eleven cycles of the Akathistos painted in Moldavia during the reigns of Peter Rareş and Jeremiah Movilă depend on 14th-early 15th century Byzantine monuments (icons, frescoes, murals) or their parallels. Certain details in these Akathistos illustrations refer to Constantinopolitan miracles or wonder-working icons and relics, such as: healing sands in the Christ Philanthropos monastery (Ancient Serail), the Tuesday procession of the Virgin Hodegetria with the bearer of the icon extending his arm as being crucified, or the use of famous icons (Hodegetria) and relics (Mandylion, maphorion of the Virgin) as securing victory during the city sieges.
More...Keywords: 15th century; Kercova; Social aspects;
Nahija of Kërçova was part of the pashasanxhaku of Skopje, and on top of it stood Subashi, who had to use the respective land so called Hasi. The administrative center was the town of Kërçova, where a small Ottoman garrison was stationed. Timar system constitutes the basis of sipahis military system, which, depending on the income realized by timars, repay obligations to the state. Derbenxhinjtë ensured roads passing through mountain gorges, which were near their villages. In the territory of this nahije was also the lands of bejlerbeu, consisting of several villages. In general, the inhabitants belonged to the Christian faith, while the number of Christian sppahis was symbolic. The vast majority of sipahis were Muslims, among whom there were a few "young Muslims". Residents, respectively, heads of households, were registered according to religious affiliation. However, by analyzing the names of the arbonoi heads of households, whether they were Christians, or Slavs who were enrolled with the distinctive ties of i and a, or with the Albanian language: an, ash, osh, ush, as their characteristic and typical names, it turns out that the arbanoi were in great numbers in this nahije. Some of them, apparently, for religious reasons, were torn to Slavic ethnicity, which is evidenced by the Albanian Patronymic that have survived to the present day.
More...Keywords: myth; Jew; criminal; elizabethan culture; drama;
Po srednjovjekovnom vjerovanju Jevrej je smatran utjelovljenjem zla, odnosno doslovno đavola. Budući da su bili povezani sa Judom, izdajnikom iz Novog zavjeta, Jevreje se smatralo odgovornima za navodne zločine njihovih biblijskih praotaca i, konačno, za raspinjanje Krista. Jevrejski rituali, kao obrezivanje i slavljenje Pashe, smatrani su đavolskim podrivanjem crkve. Zbog toga, Jevreji su bili optuživani za razna zlodjela, uključujući trovanje izvora, ritualna ubojstva i jedenje kršćanskih beba, što se sve preslikavalo na prikaze Jevreja na pozornici. Budući da im je društvo zabranilo većinu uglednih poslova i profesionalnih zanata, kao i posjedovanje imanja, mnogi Jevreji su našli izlaz u lihvarstvu. Kršćansko građanstvo je posuđivanje novca sa bilo kakvim kamatama smatralo pakosnim grijehom i ovo je vjerovanje dodalo stigmu “zgrtača novca” kulturnom mitu. Jevrej na pozornici – sa krivim nosom i crvenom kosom (što je predstavljalo vezu sa đavolom) – postao je žrtveni jarac i izvor zla u elizabitanskim svečanostima i dramama.
More...In the manuscript known as the Banitsa Gospel the colophon of the priest Ioan informs that it was completed in “St. Nicholas, in the place called Banitsa”. Benyo Tsonev suggested, mainly from philological evidence, that this allegedly detailed note refers to the village of Banitsa near Vratsa (North-West Bulgaria) and its church St Nicholas. Indeed, the scholar also considered other locations of the same name but eventually he and all other researchers after him accepted the Vratsa region as the most probable place of origin of the manuscript. What is more, certain authors ranked Banitsa as a literary centre related to the capital Tarnovo. Not only the peculiarities of the codex, but also the lack of data about any scribal activity in Banitsa or in Vratsa itself in the late thirteenth or early fourteenth century, demand an attempt to confirm or reject Tsonev’s attribution. Starting from the unclear reference “St. Nicholas” (church or monastery?), the problematic existence of either in/near the village and the Greek titles (in Cyrillic script) of two of the Gospels, the author of this paper reconsiders other possibilities to search for the manuscript’s origin: in the present-day villages Vevi near Florina and Karié near Serres, in the metochion Banitsa on Mount Athos and in the castle Banishta near Bachkovo Monastery. However, as far as sources were consulted, none of the proposed solutions proved satisfactory; so Tsonev’s arguments remain valid. What is the reason of this study, then? The reason lies in the turn of the perspective: the Banitsa Gospels should not any more be seen as an evidence for a village with scribal activity, but as a departure point towards proving the provenance and establishing the characteristics of a supposed centre. Only in this way will be substantiated either Naumov’s and Skomorokhova’s opinion of the liturgical novelty of the rubrics and the early date of the manuscript or Vakareliyska’s claim of its later composition in the mid fourteenth century and its membership in a group of Gospels preserving a remarkably archaic textological tradition.
More...Keywords: Demilitarization; peacekeeping forces; eastern Slavonia; UNCRO; UNPROFOR;
In this paper the author speaks of how successfully the demilitarization was implemented within the peace operations of the United Nations in the occupied territory of Eastern Slavonia in the period from 1992 into 1995. From a consideration of the analysis of unpublished archival documents, published archival sources, the newspapers of the time and recent scholarly literature, the conclusion can be drawn that implementation of the most significant mandatory assignment stipulated by the Vance plan was not successful. The main reasons why the demilitarisation can be considered unsuccessful were perpetual lack of cooperation, the obstruction policy of the Krajina Serbs, the unpreparedness and the incapacity of the peacekeeping forces deployed as well as the constant violation of military impartiality and political neutrality, particularly that of the Russian Battalion. The occupied Eastern Slavonian area became part of the United Nations Safe Areas in 1992 as Sector East; the Russian and the Belgian-Luxemburg Battalion of the United Nations peacekeeping forces were charged with the supervision of the sector and the implementation of the agreed assignments. The mandatory assignment to demilitarize was the first and most significant precondition for the stabilization of the area and the fulfilment of other assignments agreed upon, in other words, for the success of the entire peacekeeping mission. However, the attempt to implement the demilitarization revealed the incapacity of the peacekeeping forces as well as the main objective of the Krajina Serbs supported by the Yugoslav People’s Army – to circumvent the demilitarization agreement. The peacekeeping forces failed to fulfil their main and most important assignment; the result was a chaotic safety situation in the Eastern Sector during the time of observance, no changes in the occupied territory and eventually the failure of the peacekeeping actions in Eastern Slavonia.
More...Keywords: Baranja; Croatian-Hungarian border; history of the 20th century; historical geography review; Serbian occupation;
Baranja is borderland of Croatia situated between the Danube and the Drava rivers and Croatia-Hungary boundary. The region is rich in natural resources for agriculture and always has had important position on comunicational directions. Therefore Baranja has always been attractive area population. Up to 16th century populations had been influenced by rather frequent migrations: of Illirs, Huns, Avarians, Croats and Hungarians. In the post-Ottoman period the new migrations led to a very heterogeneous ethnically compositions. The region was populated by the Croats, Hungarians, Germans and Serbs. Such an ethnic composition remained until present-day, except that Germans after world War II were forced by the communist regime to leave. Although after 1945 the Croats were the most numerous among population of region, Baranja was claimed by Serbia. Due to that in 1991 Yugoslav (Serbian) Army occupied Baranja and after that almost all the Croats and Hungarians were expelled from region.
More...Keywords: Village; Dobri Dol; Sociological-ethnological research;
The village of Dobri Dol is located in the South-Eastern Serbia. In 1948 the number of population in the village accounted for 1,222 while in 1978 -this number dropped to 504. As is seen this village too, like a lot of others in Serbia, has been affected 'by de-population process. The analysis aim at revealing not anly the sort of social and ethnological processes having been developing in the village of Dobri Dol but also the other processing developing in the presint-day Yugoslav village in general, taking, of course, the concrete investigation carried out in this village as the example.
More...Review of: Aleksandra Pavićević: Vreme (bez) smrti. 2011. Beograd: Etnografski institut SANU
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