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Historical synthesis and national creation at Mihai Eminescu and Gh. I. Brastianu

Historical synthesis and national creation at Mihai Eminescu and Gh. I. Brastianu

Author(s): Mihai Popa / Language(s): English / Issue: 03/2012

Keywords: historical synthesis; duration; event; culture.

In this paper we will take into account a less approached aspect of the historical synthesis and that is, in our opinion, the one that the historians should develop in their researches: the historical creation, the spiritual element in the community life. The historical synthesis, at the beginning a methodological concept, which guides the research of the historical fact also from the perspective of the other social disciplines, catches however the attention through its rational, gnoseological fundaments. If the synthesis were not regarded as spiritual becoming, it would risk to stagnate, to remain a simple annexation of concepts which enlighten more or less a researched event.

MICHEL LE BRAVE A ALBA IULIA

MIHAI VITEAZUL LA ALBA IULIA

Author(s): Eugen Hulea / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: -/1975

Imaginea Regelui Mihai în societatea românească de după 1989: supravieţuirea ideologiei comuniste

The Image of King Mihai in Post-1989 Romanian Society: The Survival of Communist Ideology

Author(s): Marina Rotaru / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2012

Keywords: Mihai I; post-communism; critical analysis

After the fall of the dictatorial regime in 1989, revisiting the recent past of the country proved a challenge for Romania. Much of the difficulty came from the fact that during communism Romanian society suffered an intense process of Sovietization. The survival of communist ideology in the collective memory of the Romanian people could be illustrated by the manner in which King Mihai was perceived by the Romanian society in the early 1990s. Until 1997, when King Mihai could finally return to Romania without any incidents, the monarch made several attempts to come home, of which only one was successful: the Easter visit of 1992. While the general public seems to be getting rid of communist dogma, gradually discovering the real role King Mihai played in Romania’s recent history, the present president of the State, in calling the king “a traitor”, still appears to manifest communist ideological reminiscences.

DIRECTING THE ASSASSINATION OF MICHAEL THE BRAVE (1593-1601)

REGIZAREA ASASINATULUI LUI MIHAI VITEAZUL (1593-1601)

Author(s): Vasile Constantin / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 03/2011

Keywords: union; mercenaries; prince; king; murder; celebrity

Michael the Brave has the misfortune to be in front of opponents who knew how to weave intrigues, to patiently calculate the odds, to craftly employ the good and bad people, for their goals, so Michael, the pure soul, fell prey to them.

About the Hungarian Scribes of Voievod Mihai of Wallachia

Mihály vajda magyar secretariusairól

Author(s): Klára Jakó / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2015

Keywords: Transylvania; Wallachia; voievod Mihai of Wallachia; János Rácz; Lukács Brassay; János Darahi; secretarius; chancellery; office-holder intelligentsia

This study is about the work of a special group of what best could be described as ”offi ce-holder intelligentsia”, the Hungarian secretarians of Voievode Mihai of Wallachia during the period of his reign between 1593–1599. (After this period the Voievode mainly used scribes of the Transylvanian princely chancellery.) After close examination I’ve been able to distinguish the handwritings of four scribes so far. The fifth is a person who occasionally helped out with secretarial work for the Voievode. As a result of Voievode Mihai’s dealings in international politics most of his surviving Hungarian letters are to be found at their Habsburg Addressees in Vienna and Innsbruck. This study is an attempt to reconstruct the work and life of those secretarians whom we know by name. First of all János Rácz, whose life ended so tragically and his secretary colleague, Lukács Brassay. Also try to draw a portrait of János Darahi, a secretarius-courier.

The sociopolitical thinking in Eminescu’s publishing

Gândirea social-politică în publicistica lui Mihai Eminescu

Author(s): Petre Din / Language(s): English,Romanian / Issue: 2/2011

Keywords: the sociopolitical thinking; Eminescu; modernization; of forms without forms; of liberalism

Eminescu’s contribution to the development of criticism in the Romanian culture was decisive. In the cultural and political background of that period defined by the publishing spirit and by the freedom of speech, the rigor and cult of values promoted by the great poet contributed to the creation and consolidation of modern Romania. Unlike other poets, Eminescu illustrated in his publishing the political and national aspects that the young Romanian state was facing at that time. Having a strong conception on the relation between the social classes and the aspirations of the Romanian elite to modernization, the poet belong to the illuminist ideological background. The rejection of forms without forms, of liberalism and the opressed social class, the criticism of the modern state are all concepts debated in the political press. Eminescu’s publishing is almost totally focusing on key ideas that suggest that all decision forces desire the progress of the country and of all Romanian people, in the name of truth and justice, strong principles of thinking and existence.

About Norul de Profume by Mihai Eminescu

DESPRE NORUL DE PROFUME LA MIHAI EMINESCU

Author(s): Mariana Flaişer / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

In Eminescu’s work, the motif of smell is a leitmotif which, together with plastic images, auditory, and kinaesthetic elements, achieves a poetic atmosphere of great beauty. In the semantic field of p

Eminescu Looking for the “Word that Expresses the Truth”

Mihai Eminescu în căutarea „cuvântului ce exprimă adevărul”

Author(s): Mariana Flaişer / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2 (20)/2014

Keywords: translator; Rötscher; neologism; euphony; eruditionis

A researcher can write about Mihai Eminescu only when he has something really important and, especially new to say. In the Romanian literary criticism, over the 125 years since the death of Eminescu, hundreds, thousands of articles, studies and books that have examined themes, motifs of Eminescu’s poetry have appeared, they have studied the sources of inspiration, they have made classifications, in a word they “invaded” Eminescu‘s territory, seeking to know it, to master it and, especially, to explain it to others through the filter of their own sensibilities and culture. Among others, Aurelia Rusu, G. Călinescu, C. Noica, Zoe Dumitrescu Buşulenga, I. Oprea, etc. wrote about Mihai Eminescu the translator.Zoe Dumitrescu Buşulenga highlights “the poet’s pleasure to translate” and notes the effort of “assimilation and naturalization of so many difficult concepts” both from the field of the theory of dramatic creation and of the philosophy and other fields. The comments from our article dare to capture this laborious work of the translator, of the creator of literary Romanian language to find the most suitable Romanian correspondences for some German words that entered the Romanian language and thanks to the Eminescu’s interpretation from Kant, Rötscher. The fruits of Eminescu’s work as a translator are found in two directions. On the one hand, in bringing important philosophical, historical, literary and linguistic theory works in the general plan of the Romanian culture. On the other hand, in the plan of the Romanian language, M. Eminescu contributes with the translations referred to the neologization and the modernization of the literary language, its enrichment with many unexpected series of synonyms of great beauty and expressiveness.

The ban Mihalcea, the first counsellor of Michel the Brave

Banul Mihalcea, prim sfetnic al lui Mihai Viteazul

Author(s): Nicolae Bănică-Ologu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/1978

Keywords: Ban Mihalcea;first counselor;Michael the Brave;

Dans la lutte pour l'indépendance de la Valachie et l'accomplissement de l'Union en 1600, Michel le Brave s'est appuyé sur quelques collaborateurs attachés à lui, parmi lesquels s'est distingué surtous le ban Mihalcea — son premier conseiller. Originaire de l'ile de Chios (Grèce) dans les années de sa jeunesse iI s'est occupé du comerce. Il a épousé Manila de Cocorăşti, descendente de la famille régnante des Basarabi. En tant que bon militaire, il a participé à la campagne contre les Turcs de l'hiver de 1812 octobre 1599 et à celle de Gorăslău — le 3/13 août 1801. Michel le Brave a fait de lui son ambassadeur auprès dé Rudolf II l'empereur de l'Autriche en 1597, 1599 et 1900. Après l'Union de la Transylvanie de la Valachie, pendant la campagne de Moldavie, le prince le laisse comme adjoint en Transylvanie. En cette qualité II engage des pourparlers avec les comlssatres de l'empereur, se montrant Intransigeant concernant les droits de son prince sur les trois provinces roumaines unies. Après la bataille de Mirăslău — en 1800, le 18 septembre — il accompagne Michel le Brave en exil à Prague, où II participe activement aux préparatifs diplomatiques et militaires de la campagne du mois d'août de 1601 pour l'expulsion de Sigismund Bathory. Le 9/19 août 1601 lorsque G. Basta met en application le pran conçu à Prague concernant l'assassinat de Michel le Brave, les acolytes du général autrichien tuent également le premier conseiller du grad prince. Le peuple roumain, qui l'a adopté et aimé pour ses services, lut garde un souvenir inoubliable.

Un monument dédié à l’histoire de Brăila interrompu. À la mémoire du professeur Mihai Maxim

Un monument închinat istoriei Brăilei întrerupt. În memoria profesorului Mihai Maxim

Author(s): Ionel Cândea / Language(s): English,Romanian / Issue: 1/2017

Island and Symbolic Topography in Eminescu

Île et topographie simbolique dans l’œuvre de Mihai Eminescu

Author(s): Gisele Vanhese / Language(s): French / Issue: 1 (27)/2018

Keywords: island; imaginary; symbolic space; centre; death

In this essay we base our study on the theme of island in the work of Mihai Eminescu in order to foreground the symbolic constellation associated with him. In the first section, “La rêverie insulaire”, we analyse the Island as landscape of the soul. In the second section, “Centre et espace sacré”, we underscore the principal characteristics of island in Cezara and in several poems of Eminescu. In the third section, “Topographie mystique”, we demonstrate how the island concerns the nocturnal regime of imaginary. The fourth section, “L’île et la mort”, proposes an abyssal reading of the symbolism of island, allied with the Complex of Caron and the dark water. We end with reflections on the originality of Eminescu’s elaborations of island.

”The Moment of Pentecost” in the Literary Works of Mihai Eminescu

„Ceasul Pogorârii Duhului Sfânt” în opera eminesciană

Author(s): Virgil Nistru Țigănuș / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2003

Book review

Mihai Cimpoi, Europa, sarea Terrei…, Editura Ideea Europeană, București, 2007, 221 p.

Author(s): Dumitru Mihăilescu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 03/2019

Keywords: Book review;

Book review

A historiographic reevaluation of Michael the Brave

O reevaluare istoriografică a lui Mihai Viteazul

Author(s): Maxim (Iuliu-Marius) Morariu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 07/2018

Keywords: Michael the Brave; book by Rev. Alexandru Moraru; historiographic reevaluation; national unity; Orthodox Church;

This is a review of the latest book of father Alexandru Moraru, professor emeritus of History of Romanian Orthodox Church at the Faculty of Orthodox Theology of “Babeş-Bolyai” University in Cluj-Napoca, priest, theologian and writer, author of several books on church history and about Michael the Brave. It emphasizes the contributions of the author in the historiographical re-evaluation of the Romanian Prince and speaks about the role Michael played in the East-European and European space his life time, his contribution at the Romanian national ideal and his relationship with the Orthodox Church.

MIHAI I OF ROMANIA - NEW DOCUMENTARY CONTRIBUTIONS REGARDING HIS LIFE AND REIGN (1921-1947)

MIHAI I AL ROMÂNIEI – NOI CONTRIBUȚII DOCUMENTARE PRIVIND VIAȚA ȘI DOMNIA (1921-1947)

Author(s): Mirela-Daniela Tîrnă / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: III seria3/2021

Keywords: King Mihai of Romania; Romanian royal family; Palatine Class; communism;

This paper deals with different aspects of the life and reign of King Michael I, addressing the period of schooling, military training, issues of family relations, as well as events after 1940, the relationship with Ion Antonescu, the events of August 23, relations with leaders communists, the royal strike and the pro-monarchical demonstration of November 8, 1945, as well as the forced abdication of the King and his exile.

THE STAYS OF KING MIHAI I AT MAMAIA, ILLUSTRATED BY THE PRESS OF THAT TIME AND OLD PHOTOGRAPHS

SEJURURILE REGELUI MIHAI I LA MAMAIA, ILUSTRATE ÎN PRESA ȘI FOTOGRAFIILE DE EPOCĂ

Author(s): Delia-Roxana Cornea / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: III seria3/2021

Keywords: Michael I; Philip of Greece; Mamaia; Queen's Nest; Constanța; stays;

Since the time of King Carol I and Queen Elizabeth, Constanța had slowly but surely emerged as one of the favorite destinations of the Romanian Royal Family for leisure. In 1927, the Constanța city council offered Ferdinand Iand Queen Maria, as a sign of appreciation, a plot of land in Mamaia, where the new royal palace would be built. Inaugurated in the summer of 1927 by King-child Mihai I and his mother, Princess Elena, the residence in Mamaia soon became one of the favorite places of the two, where the Romanian family met and where relatives came to visit, friends and members of other royal families. Although he was King, Michael I was first and foremost a child, who naturally liked to play, enjoy the sea and the sun, ride or do other pleasant activities. However, his stays at the sea were never overlooked by the press of the time, careful to record every detail and to immortalize these visits. Famous at the time, the photograph with the child King Mihai I, together with Prince Philip of Greece, riding on the beach in Mamaia, has become very current in recent years, it has become very current, illustrating the close kinship that bound the Romanian Royal Family by other European royal families. After the Carlist restoration, Mihai returned annually to Constanța or to the nearby resorts (Techirghiol, Eforie), being, in fact, the only member of the Royal House who used the Queen's Nest in the Port of Constanța, where - as he confessed in a visit produced sixty years later (1996) -caught guards with local fishermen. The present study aims to illustrate, based on press articles and photographs from the time, kept especially in the notebooks of Queen Maria, the stays of King-child Michael I at sea and how the population and local authorities received these visits.

Contributions to the Archaeological Repertoire of Mihai Viteazu Locality (Aranyosszentmihály). Canton Drum/Saj-kút Site (Mihai Viteazu Commune, Cluj County)

Contribuţii la repertoriul arheologic al localităţii Mihai Viteazu (Aranyosszentmihály). Situl din punctul Canton Drum/Saj-kut (comuna Mihai Viteazu, judeţul Cluj)

Author(s): Adrian Socaci,Cosmin Mihail Coatu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 12/2021

Keywords: Arieş District; Mihai Viteazu (Aranyosszentmihály); Canton Drum/Saj-kút; field research; archaeological materials;

The location known as Canton Drum is in Mihai Viteazu (Aranyosszentmihály) village (Fig. 1-2; Pl. I/a-b), near the road junction connecting the highways Transylvania and Turda-Sebeş, south-east from the settlement, on the third terrace of the Arieş river. During the Austrian-Hungarian period, the place (located to the south-east from the former Alsózentmihályfalva/Sînmihaiul-de-Jos) was popularly named by the people Saj-kút (Fântâna Şai) after the name of the well pole located at the base of the hill (Fig. 3). The archaeological finds are scattered across a wide area and consist of prehistoric ceramic shards and lithic tools, Roman and post-Roman ceramic shards and Medieval ceramics. The prehistoric finds located on the surface, although scarce, give evidence about the existence of a small settlement, of undetermined size, with a natural defence towards the north-east. Also, the location of the prehistoric settlement allowed the surveyance of the communication pathways that connected south of the contemporary city of Turda. Following the Roman conquest the agricultural land nearby was exploited by the new arrivals, the numerous traces indicating intense human activities; the rural settlement was part of the ancient territory of Potaissa. In the early Middle Ages there was at least one hamlet, pottery could signal the traces of the old settlement Zent Mihel-falwa (1170/1176). In fact, from the Middle Ages until the modern period both Sînmihaiul-de-Jos (hu.=Alsoszentmihályfalva) as well as Sînmihaiul-de-Sus (hu.=Felsőszentmihályfalva) belonged to Scaunul Arieşului (hu.=Aranyosszék). The two villages will form the modern settlement Aranyosszentmihály (Sînmihai), that will belong administratively and territorially to the Turda-Arieş County (Torda Aranyos). We believe that more precise information related to the culture strata and the limits of the settlements, the manner in which they succeed each other and their chronology, can be obtained following more archaeological research of the areas discussed. With regards to the materials we have analysed (Pl. II-III), particularly the extremely fragmented prehistoric ceramics, the difficult tasks were establishing the chronology, the culture to which they belonged, notes about the shape and the decorations. We would like to mention that the Roman materials, much more numerous, will be analysed by other authors.Further on, we have put forward several working hypotheses regarding the possible role the habitation played during the course of time.

DYNAMICS OF THE CHROMATIC TERM YELLOW IN THE LYRICAL POETRY OF MIHAI EMINESCU

DYNAMICS OF THE CHROMATIC TERM YELLOW IN THE LYRICAL POETRY OF MIHAI EMINESCU

Author(s): Roxana Maria Crețu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 20/2020

Keywords: yellow; duality; Eminescu; poetry; significance;

With this paper we intend to bring forward the dynamics of the chromatic term yellow in the lyrical poetry of Mihai Eminescu. The corpus that we will utilize has been created through the excerpt of significant contexts from The dictionary of poetic language of Eminescu, supervised by Dumitru Irimia. In order to establish a relevant representation of the linguistic and semantic units of the colour yellow, utilized in the whole lyrical poetry of Eminescu, in our analysis we will consider both the poems published during the life of the author and the ones published after the death of the author. We will attempt to illustrate that the colour yellow shifts its meaning depending on the context, and it becomes a dual element, a semantic polarisation, acquiring both positive and negative values. We will notice that in some contexts the colour yellow maintains itself in the denotative meaning, situated at a descriptive level. In other contexts it refers to the multiple dimensions of the connotative meaning. Therefore, with this study, we aim to pursue and analyse the defining structures utilized in the lyrical poetry of Eminescu, in which the chromatic term yellow is used. We will take into account in our research the use of other terms, such as blonde, gold, golden, pale, wax etc., by Eminescu in alternation with the primary chromatic term white. After we identify its own contextual significance of this colour and illustrate it through a few selected sequences, we will classify the structures in which the chromatic term yellow is used and we will also interpret them from a semantic and stylistic point of view.

DYNAMICS OF THE CHROMATIC TERM BLACK IN THE LYRICAL POETRY OF MIHAI EMINESCU

DYNAMICS OF THE CHROMATIC TERM BLACK IN THE LYRICAL POETRY OF MIHAI EMINESCU

Author(s): Roxana Maria Crețu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 23/2020

Keywords: black; chromatic; Eminescu; poetry; significance;

With this paper we intend to bring forward the dynamics of the chromatic term black in the lyrical poetry of Mihai Eminescu. The corpus that we will utilize has been created through the excerpt of significant contexts from The dictionary of poetic language of Eminescu, supervised by Dumitru Irimia. In order to establish a relevant representation of the linguistic and semantic units of the colour black, utilized in the whole lyrical poetry of Eminescu, in our analysis we will consider both the poems published during the life of the author and the ones published after the death of the author. We will notice that in some contexts the colour black maintains itself in the denotative meaning, situated at a descriptive level. In other contexts it refers to the multiple dimensions of the connotative meaning. Therefore, with this study, we aim to pursue and analyse the defining structures utilized in the lyrical poetry of Eminescu, in which the chromatic term black is used. After we identify its own contextual significance of this colour and illustrate it through a few selected sequences, we will classify the structures in which the chromatic term black is used and we will also interpret them from a semantic and stylistic point of view.

DYNAMICS OF THE CHROMATIC TERM GREEN IN THE LYRICAL POETRY OF MIHAI EMINESCU

DYNAMICS OF THE CHROMATIC TERM GREEN IN THE LYRICAL POETRY OF MIHAI EMINESCU

Author(s): Roxana Maria Crețu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 24/2021

Keywords: chromatic; Eminescu; green; poetry; significance;

With this paper we intend to bring forward the dynamics of the chromatic term green in the lyrical poetry of Mihai Eminescu. The corpus that we will utilize has been created through the excerpt of significant contexts from The dictionary of poetic language of Eminescu, supervised by Dumitru Irimia. In order to establish a relevant representation of the linguistic and semantic units of the colour green, utilized in the whole lyrical poetry of Eminescu, in our analysis we will consider both the poems published during the life of the author and the ones published after the death of the author. We will notice that in some contexts the colour green maintains itself in the denotative meaning, situated at a descriptive level. In other contexts, it refers to the multiple dimensions of the connotative meaning. Therefore, with this study, we aim to pursue and analyze the defining structures utilized in the lyrical poetry of Eminescu, in which the chromatic term green is used. After we identify its own contextual significance of this colour and illustrate it through a few selected sequences, we will classify the structures in which the chromatic term green is used and we will also interpret them from a semantic and stylistic point of view.