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Vlachs in the Historiography

Vlasi u historiografiji

Author(s): Zef Mirdita / Language(s): Croatian

Keywords: Vlachs; Balkans; Cincars; historiography; Byzantium Empire; Aromanians

Much has been written on and discussed about the Balkan nation of Vlachs. Despite that, they have remained a historical mystery of the Mediterranean region and even wider. The reason for this is the fact that Vlachs (also called Cincars) do not have a defined ethnic and political area. They also do not have their particular cultural, educational and spiritual institutions. Historical research of Vlachs gave often conflicting results and these researches are the subject of this book. The author has treated the subject chronologically because Vlachs appeared very early in the multiethnic region of Balkan. Accordingly the book is divided into following chapters: “Vlachs in the works of Byzantine writers”, “Vlachs in the Turkish historiography”, “Vlachs in the medieval Latin chronicles, Imperial and Papal letters”. The author has also made a general cultural and geographical division - Vlachs in Balkan historiographies and Vlachs in Western historiographies including, as a separate chapter, Vlachs in Russian historiography.

Those Who Count. Expert Practices of Roma Classification

Those Who Count. Expert Practices of Roma Classification

Author(s): Mihai Surdu / Language(s): English

Keywords: Romanies; Government policies; Roma Classification; Ethnicity; Stereotypes; Public opinion;

Those Who Count scrutinizes the scientific and expert practices of Roma classification and counting, and the politics of Roma-related knowledge production. The book takes a historical perspective on Roma group construction, both as an epistemic object and a policy target, with a focus on the expert discourse of the last two decades. The book argues that knowledge production on Roma is neither objective nor disinterested but rather is co-produced by political and academic actors driven by organizational interests with rather narrow disciplinary research traditions, as well as by political manifestos. The result of such co-production is a negative Roma public image circulating well beyond the expert discourse which reinforces stereotypes held by society at large. The case studies and examples presented in the book show that the state-led population census, policy related surveys, as well as academic and scientific research, together craft an essentialized Roma identity. The recently reemerged Roma-related genetic research imports assumptions, classifications, and narrations from the social sciences and contributes through sampling strategies, interpretation of data, and generalization to reify and pathologize Roma ethnicity. Roma are relegated by experts to several types of determinism: to a social category, to a frozen culture, and to a homogenous biologized entity.

Bad Cities

Złe miasta

Author(s): Waldemar Kuligowski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: Waldemar Kuligowski;cities;antrophology;travels;

Zbiór tekstów antropologa, podróżnika i redaktora „Czasu Kultury”, poświęcony przygodom kultury w globalnym świecie. Wraz z autorem odbywamy podróż do Koniakowa, gdzie polskie koronczarki produkowały słynne stringi, by przez osiedla Czefurów w Lublanie trafić do Palestyny i przyjrzeć się korzeniom arabskiego hip-hopu. Jest to również antropologiczna podróż po obszarach tradycji – Waldemar Kuligowski bierze na warsztat nie tylko polską kulturę ludową, ale także romskie małżeństwa nieletnich czy jugosłowiański patriarchalizm.

Current trends in archaeological heritage preservation in Romania and the Republic of Moldova

Tendinţe curente în protecţia patrimoniului arheologic din România și Republica Moldova

Author(s): Corina Borș,Eugen S. Teodor,Gheorghe Postică,Mihaela Simion,Irina Oberländer-Târnoveanu,Sergiu Musteaţă,Adrian Crăciunescu,Dan Vlase,Marius Mihai Ciută,Victor Bunoiu,Maia Mileac,Vitalie Josanu,Alexandra Zbuchea,Laurențiu Marin Dobre,Pîrvu Ionică,Rodica Nastas / Language(s): Romanian

Keywords: Romania;Moldova;heritage and education;archaeologic inventory;

The book is a collection of articles on archaeological heritage preservation in the Republic of Moldova and Romania.

Two Decades of Development in Post-Soviet States: Successes and Failures

Two Decades of Development in Post-Soviet States: Successes and Failures

Author(s): Edward W. Walker,Ludmila Coadă,Andrey Chebotaryov,Malkhaz Matsaberidze,Shairbek Dzhuraev,Ivane Tsereteli,Gabriel Micu,Eduard Baidaus,Ciprian Ciuciu,Seyidabas Oglu Abasov,Rasa Čepaitienė,Arman Vardanyan,Tamara Vardanyan-Ayvazyan,Sergiu Musteaţă,Dan Dungaciu,Elizabeth A. Worden,Octavian Ţîcu,Sufian Zhemukov,Zardusht Alizade,Igor Grosu / Language(s): English

Keywords: Post-soviet;Moldova;Kazachstán;Georgia;Kyrgyzstan;Azerbaijan;Lithuania;Armenia;

The book includes various chapters on post-soviet developments

Trade unions and transition dilemmas

Organizațiile sindicale și dilemele tranziției

Author(s): Bruno Stefan,Lita Stefan Corneliu,Mihalcea Andreea / Language(s): Romanian

Keywords: trade unions;

The book analyzes the trade unions in Romania from 1997-1999, bringing together the sociological and psychological studies conducted within the Social Research Bureau. They were gruped on several themes: ideology, restructuring, living standards, organizational culture, leadership psychology, union management, values, leadership styles, etc.

Римские республиканские монеты и их имитации с территории Украины

Roman Republican Coins and Their Imitations from the Territory of Ukraine and Belarus.

Author(s): Kyrylo V. Myzgin / Language(s): English,Russian

Keywords: Roman coins; Roman Republican coins; numismatics; numizmatyka; monety rzymskie

The book contains the analysis of coin finds from the territory of present-day Ukraine and Belarus, but only those found outside the borders of the antique world, excluding the Greek and Roman towns in the Northern Black Sea Coast region. The key objective of the study (prepared within the Coins of the Roman Republic in Central Europe project implemented 2014–2017 at the Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw) was to settle the most important questions concerning the finds – of the date, routes and source areas of their influx.The book consists of two parts: analysis of the coin finds and their catalogue. Although the author often had to draw his conclusions from indirect data, where information about the archaeological context of a coin find was, at best, limited, he managed to recognize the main trends in the distribution of the numismatic material in the territory under analysis.Публикация cодержит анализ нумизматических находок на территории сегодняшней Украины и Беларуси, однако учитывает лишь монеты найденные вне границ античного мира, с исключением греческих и римских городов расположенных на северном побережье Черного моря. Монография подготовлена в рамках проекта «Монеты Римской республики в центральной Европе», осуществляемого в 2014–2017 гг. в Институте археологии Варшавского университета. Ее автор ставит важные вопросы об датировке, путях распространения и местопроисхождении находок.Книга состоит из двух частей: анализа нумизматических находок и их каталога. Автор неоднократно был вынужден формулировать выводы на основании посредственных данных, а во многих случаях сообщения об археологическом контексте находки были, в лучшем случае, ограничены. Однако eму удалось восстановить основные тенденции распространения нумизматического материала на изучаемой территории.

White Charter of NIRD URBAN-INCERC 2010-2015

Cartea Albă a INCD URBAN-INCERC 2010-2015

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian

Keywords: URBAN-INCERC; urbanism; amenajarea teritoriului; spatial planning; construcţii; buildings; constructions

White Charter of NIRD URBAN-INCERC in 2010-2015: research in civil engineering, architecture and spatial planning.

Polish Literature towards Genocide. Reconnaissance

Literatura polska wobec ludobójstwa. Rekonensans

Author(s): Arkadiusz Morawiec / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: genocide;Polish literature;extermination of Jews;Holocaust;Second World War;Armenians;Gypsies;Srebrenica

This book aims to explore the Polish literature on genocide. The author attempts to investigate a field which is said to have been under discussed in the Polish literary studies. The book is an attempt to recognise and demarcate a research area which has so far been either practically ignored or perceived fragmentarily by Polish literary studies. Crucial and recognised thematic areas within the 20th and 21st century Polish literature are: the literature of the Holocaust, regarding the extermination of Jews, and also the literature of the Second World War and German occupation, partially related to the issue of Shoah and also to the extermination of the Polish in concentration camps, and during the Katyn massacre and the Warsaw Uprising. There is already a large number of papers and studies that focus on various aspects of these research areas, including certain achievements in the field. On the other hand, however, there is still lack of thought and reflection upon the literature triggered by other acts of genocide and mass murder. No such reflection has been taken up yet, nor have there been any attempts to stipulate whether within the Polish literature there exist any works devoted to massacres other than the annihilation of Jews and the extermination of the Polish, i.e. felonies perpetrated by groups other than the Nazis (Germans) and the Communists (Soviets).This book constitutes an attempt to partially fill this gap. And in terms of the manner in which it relates to literature that reacts to genocide other than the Shoah, it ought to be perceived as a reconnaissance. Such an ‘exploratory’ nature can be attributed to the chapters devoted to literary echoes of the massacre of Armenians by the Turkish, Nazi endeavours to annihilate the mentally and physically handicapped and Gypsies, as well as the Srebrenica massacre committed by the Serbs. On the other hand, the chapters of the book devoted to the literature of the Holocaust ought to be perceived as an attempt to enrich and expand the state of research, and in some cases – as a correction of the existing conclusions.

A Contested Borderland. Competing Russian and Romanian Visions of Bessarabia in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century

A Contested Borderland. Competing Russian and Romanian Visions of Bessarabia in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century

Author(s): Andrei Cuşco / Language(s): English

Keywords: Bessarabia;foreign relations;Russia;Romania;20th century history;

Bessarabia―mostly occupied by modern-day republic of Moldova―was the only territory representing an object of rivalry and symbolic competition between the Russian Empire and a fully crystallized nation-state: the Kingdom of Romania. This book is an intellectual prehistory of the Bessarabian problem, focusing on the antagonism of the national and imperial visions of this contested periphery. Through a critical reassessment and revision of the traditional historical narratives, the study argues that Bessarabia was claimed not just by two opposing projects of ‘symbolic inclusion,’ but also by two alternative and theoretically antagonistic models of political legitimacy.By transcending the national lens of Bessarabian / Moldovan history and viewing it in the broader Eurasian comparative context, the book responds to the growing tendency in recent historiography to focus on the peripheries in order to better understand the functioning of national and imperial states in the modern era.Bessarabia―mostly occupied by modern-day republic of Moldova―was the only territory representing an object of rivalry and symbolic competition between the Russian Empire and a fully crystallized nation-state: the Kingdom of Romania. This book is an intellectual prehistory of the Bessarabian problem, focusing on the antagonism of the national and imperial visions of this contested periphery. Through a critical reassessment and revision of the traditional historical narratives, the study argues that Bessarabia was claimed not just by two opposing projects of ‘symbolic inclusion,’ but also by two alternative and theoretically antagonistic models of political legitimacy.By transcending the national lens of Bessarabian / Moldovan history and viewing it in the broader Eurasian comparative context, the book responds to the growing tendency in recent historiography to focus on the peripheries in order to better understand the functioning of national and imperial states in the modern era.

Financial participation programs and company results. Polish case in comparison to other EU countries

Programy partycypacji finansowej a wyniki przedsiębiorstw. Polska na tle innych krajów UE

Author(s): Maciej Kozłowski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: workers’ ownership; financial participation; profit sharing; stock option

The main area of focus in deliberations on financial participation is the range of problems referring to the functioning of enterprises and increasing their effectiveness. These problems highlight the need to search for mechanisms or methods that will guarantee that all employees aim at fulfilling the company’s goals, and that there exists a common sense of responsibility and unity of interests. Financial participation programs contribute to achieving better financial and social results by a company. This thesis defines the major purpose of the work, which is to review the most important forms of financial participation schemes in European countries and in Polish companies. This will expand the knowledge on the subject as well as serve the pragmatic purpose of making it possible to present conclusions and deliberations which may become a starting point for commencing future actions focused on improving the situation with respect to the implementation and realization of financial participation programs, as well as to provide proposed examples of model solutions which may facilitate a broader implementation of participation in companies.

Physicians, Peasants and Modern Medicine, Imagining Rurality in Romania, 1860-1910

Physicians, Peasants and Modern Medicine. Imagining Rurality in Romania, 1860-1910

Author(s): Constantin Barbulescu / Language(s): English

Keywords: Health; Medicine; Romania

This book provides a historical narrative about Romania’s modernization. It focuses on one group of the country’s elites in the late nineteenth century, health professionals, and on the vision of a modern Romania that they constructed as they interacted with peasants and rural life. Doctors ventured out from the cities and became a familiar sight on the dusty country roads of Moldavia and Wallachia, for new health legislation required general practitioners (medici de plasă) to visit the villages in their districts twice every month. Some of them were motivated by charity, and others by patriotism, as the rural world became ever more prominent in Romania's national ideology. Based on original research, including doctors’ public health reports and memoirs, the book describes the rural conditions in Romania between 1860 and 1910 and the doctors' efforts to improve the peasants’ way of life. The author illuminates a variety of aspects of social life based on the doctors' reports on the peasant and the rural world, including general hygiene, clothing, dwellings, nutrition, drinking habits and healing. He places official measures, laws, regulations, and modern norms about public health in the context of a broader modernizing process.

Life Imprisonment on the Docket of the Strasbourg Court

Dożywotnie więzienie na wokandzie trybunału strasburskiego

Author(s): Ewa Dawidziuk,Andriy Kosyło,Maria Niełaczna / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: life imprisonment; human rights; judiciary system; international standards; Strasbourg Court

The authors analyse various aspects of life imprisonment sentence from the soft law perspective and examine the Strasbourg Court judgements issued in cases submitted by prisoners serving such sentences. They describe cases which indicate problems connected not only with this most severe punishment. They emphasise the fact that administering absolute life sentence without the possibility of conditional release is in contradiction to the imposed punishment.

History and Evolution of Romanian Borders until 1600

Istoria și evoluția frontierelor românești până în anul 1600

Author(s): Titus Cristureanu / Language(s): Romanian

Keywords: frontiers; Romanian territories; geographical and religious factors; sovereignty; Romanian states in the Balkans; Romanian citadels; Dacian palingenesis

The Danube-Carpathian-Pontic area has gone through different situations since the 1st-2nd centuries AD, when the Roman Emperor Aurelian retreated from the Dacian territories (271-274 AD), which differentiated the socio-political situation of the future medieval Romanian state. During this time, on the northeastern territory, corresponding to medieval Wallachia and Moldavia, the Roman armies retreated to the south of the Danube, while migrating tribes (especially the Goths) started to settle there.The present work introduces the reader to a rigorously documented conception of the formation of the first medieval Romanian states, the process of their genesis, and also some enlightening considerations about the appearance of the first Romanian state genesis in the second half of the 14th century. Due to the scarcity of the documentary sources, the book is a challenging analysis in twelve chapters about the frontiers of the Romanian territories, geographical and religious factors of the formation of the first state entities, sovereignty, Romanian states in the Balkans, Romanian citadels, Dacian palingenesis.

Forced labor of foreigners in Poland. Analysis of the phenomenon in selected immigrant groups

Praca przymusowa cudzoziemców w Polsce. Analiza zjawiska w wybranych grupach imigranckich

Author(s): Paweł Dąbrowski / Language(s): Polish

Keywords: migration; forced labor; immigrant groups in Poland

Forced labour is a form of human trafficking used to exploit the victims, even with their consent. Foreigners often fall victim to this practice due to their weaker social and legal position in the host country. The author shows legal and social mechanisms related to migration, either contributing to the phenomenon or not preventing it. He also identifies the factors that increase the risk of forced labor within immigrant groups in Poland.

КОНТИНЕНТ / CONTINENT East-West-Forum – Issue 1987 / 40

KONTINENT / КОНТИНЕНТ – Ost-West-Forum – Ausgabe 1987 / 40

Author(s): Carlos Ripoll,Joseph L. Porket,Alexander Ogorodnikow,Anatolij Tichonovič Marčenko,Rina Levinson,Michail Lemchin,Ivan Klíma,Zalmay Khalilzad,Anatolij Ivanov,Iwan Gorochow,Gheorghe Calciu,Vladimir Bukovskij,Alain Besançon,Swetlana Balaschowa,Ekaterina Tauber,Boris Weil,Allan Kroncher / Language(s): German

Ecology and Russification in Estonia // IVAN KLÍMA: The solidarity of the shaken. A wall speech // BORIS WEIL: Legality and underground at the time of the “thaw” // VLADIMIR BUKOWSKI: Will Gorbachev reform the Soviet Union? // ALAIN BESANÇON: The diplomatic relations of the western countries with the USSR // ALLAN KRONCHER: Natural gas for Western Europe // JOSEPH L. PORKET: Unemployment in the Soviet Union // ZALMAY KHALILZAD: Moscow's Afghan war // At the big crossroads. Interview with priest GHEORGHE CALCIU // ANATOLU IWANOW: Pushkin's death, burial and grave // IWAN GOROCHOW: Fireside chat // MICHAIL LEMCHIN: "Stars draw on the arch of heaven" // RINA LEVINSON: poetry // JEKATERINA TAUBER: All crosses ... / / ALEXANDER OGORODNIKOV: “This is how life is turned into a curse”. Letter to friends // ANATOLU MARTSCHENKO: A propaganda gesture on the world stage. Letter to the participants of the 3rd OSCE follow-up meeting // SWETLANA BALASCHOWA: The right to an opinion. Letter to M. S. Gorbachev // CARLOS RIPOLL: The Heresy of Words. About freedom of information and expression in Cuba

In the Language of the Muderer. A Literature from Chernivtsi, Bukovina

In der Sprache der Mörder. Eine Literatur aus Czernowitz, Bukowina

Author(s): Ernest Wichner,Herbert Wiesner / Language(s): German

Keywords: Holocaust; history of Bukovina; Rose Auslaender; Paul Celan;

Book related to the 1993 Exhibition. Elaborated and edited by Ernest Wichner and Herbert Wiesner, Literaturhaus Berlin 1993

Quarry at the bow. Report of a deportation to Transnistria

Steinbruch am Bug. Bericht einer Deportation nach Transnistrien

Author(s): Wolfgang Benz,Isak Weissglas / Language(s): German

Keywords: Holocaust; deportation of Jews; Chernovitsy; Alfred Kittner;

In 1982, Gerhardt Csejka, then editor of the journal “Neue Literatur”, rescued a few bundles of papers from the bathtub in Alfred Kittner's Bucharest apartment. Alfred Kittner, the poet from Chernivtsi and living in Bucharest since 1943, stayed in Düsseldorf after a visit to the Federal Republic of Germany. The Bucharest authorities then forcibly opened the apartment, sold the large library to the Bucharest antiquarian book-market and threw all other papers - including valuable manuscripts, letters and personal documents - into the bathroom as rubbish. Gerhardt Csejka managed to save some of this material, including this report, published here for the first time in full, about one of the numerous deportations of Jews from Czernowitz that began in 1941, which named Alfred Kittner and his family as deportation victims and fellow sufferers of the narrator. It is a 93-page second or third, at least a pale typewriter copy, with three unpaginated sheets of paper with tabular overviews of dates, names and events. We have this bundle for the first time shown in Berlin in 1993/94 in the exhibition of the Literaturhaus Berlin “In the language of murderers. A literature from Czernowitz, Bukowina " and, after a few other presentations, also in Bucharest, and an excerpt, limited to a few pages, in the exhibition book of the same title.

Tibet - a land where people catch up for millennia in a single leap

Tibet - země, kde lidé dohánějí celé tisíciletí jediným skokem

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

Keywords: Jan Vinar; China; Tibet; Dalai Lama;

The core of the book is a critical edition of an unpublished reportage of Jan Vinař from his 1959 trip to Tibet called Tibet - A Country where People Have Leaped a Thousand Years Forward. Vinař’s text was never published officially (there are only fifteen copies of a samizdat edition printed in 1983 in Zurich) and today it can be considered an important documentary material of the given historical period. The reportage written in 1960 echoes the official Chinese narrative of Tibetan history and social development and his views reflect the Chinese interpretation of the March 1959 uprising. The book is accompanied by so far unpublished photographic material from the 1959 journalist expedition to Tibet and scholarly commentary by editors to the original text in the form of footnotes and several studies clarifying certain aspects of the topic and the historical and political context. Kamila Hladíková describes the clash of Chinese and Tibetan narratives explaining recent Tibetan history, mainly regarding the occupation of Tibetan-inhabited territories by the PLA in 1950-1951 and the legitimization of the regime after 1959. Luboš Bělka provides detailed biography of Jan Vinař and explains the historical background of the decade between 1950 and 1959 in Tibet, analyzes the texts published by other visitors to Tibet in that time and introduces the phenomenon known in Tibetan language as thamzing, or struggle sessions.

University on Farkas Street

Egyetem a Farkas utcában

Author(s): György Gaal / Language(s): Hungarian

Keywords: Franz Joseph University; Hungarian higher education; Cluj-Napoca;

The volume provides a detailed presentation of the circumstances and the process of establishing Franz Joseph University in Cluj-Napoca, describes the various development stages in the life of the University, and lines up the portraits of the emblematic personalities of Hungarian university education from different historical periods. The book at hand is well documented and beautifully illustrated with contemporary photographs, evoking the past centuries of Hungarian higher education.