Keywords: Stephan Hermlin; GDR-Literature; Holocaust
In the literature of the GDR, where the problem of the II World War was a central topic, texts that were related to the annihilation of the European Jews were almost nonexistent. The reasons of this void were political matters: The political leaders of the GDR created so called “anti-fascist creator myth” of a new country and claimed themselves as “the heroes of the history”; additionally they declared aggressive anti-Israeli politics. The works of Stephan Hermlin, written in 1949, in the same year as the creation of the GDR, are a few of the examples that faced the Holocaust in the literature generated in the East Germany. The main starting points in the author’s writings were the places of the remembrance that he visited in 1949: Auschwitz and the Monument of the Heroes of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising; in his writings the memory of the murdered victims becomes a value of a superior significance.
More...Keywords: German Democratic Republic; SED;
frim: "Neue Zürcher Zeitung", 1954-03-21 ("Die SED als Staatspartei der deutschen Sowjetzone")
More...Keywords: Gabor Péter; Gyula Décsi; István Timár; Slánský; Gerő; Hungarian communist Parti 1954;
from: "Neue Zürcher Zeitung", 1954-03-15 ("Sturz kommunisitscher Parteigrößen in Ungarn")
More...Keywords: Transylvania; Romania; Eugenics; Rassism; theory
The article presents the eugenic thinking of Iordache Facaoaru, a disciple of Iuliu Moldovan who can be The paper analyses the relation between eugenics and racism, based on texts of the leading figures of eugenics and racism in interwar Transylvania. Two main currents can be distinguished: the eugenicists, influenced by the american literature, that based their thesis on people like Charles B. Davenport or Harry H. Laughlin, and the adepts of european literature who were influenced by the writings of Arthur de Gobineau or Alfred Rosenberg. The author concludes that eugenics and racism are just two sides of the same coin and that the romanian discourse is in fact a kind of class struggle with "biological" arguments.
More...combined review - focusing on the problem of sovereignty of: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HORST BREDEKAMP, Thomas Hobbes. Visuelle Strategien. Der Leviathan: Urbild des modernen Staates. Werkillustrationen und Portraits, Berlin: Akademie Verlag 1999, and MICHEL FOUCAULT, In Verteidigung der Gesellschaft. Vorlesungen am Collège de France (1975–76), aus dem Französischen von Michaela Ott, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp 1999,
More...Keywords: Milovan Djilas; Titoism; Critic of Stalinism;
TEXT from Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 1953-12-25, based on Milovan Djilas' analysis of the Soviet System.
More...Keywords: Transylvanian; Turkey; Disengagement
Vor dreihundert Jahren löste der Siebenbürgische Landtag die vertragliche Bindung zur Türkei und unterstellte sich dem Schutze Kaiser Leopolds I. Die zwischen 1526 und 1683 unternommenen Versuche, die habsburgische Herrschaft auch auf Siebenbürgen auszudehnen, hatten zu keinem dauerhaften Erfolg geführt.
More...Keywords: economic crisis; global governance; G8; G20; IMF.
Over the past few decades, new patterns of governance had to be established in reaction to the need for solutions to an increasingly complex array of problems brought about in the context of globalization. The latest financial crisis highlighted the limits of these structures of global governance and brought underway an overarching discussion on the reform of these structures. The present paper tries to examine to what extent the turmoil has been able to contribute to addressing at least some of the misgivings brought about by the global governance and why the reform needs to proceed further on. Due to the limits imposed on this article, the emphasis will be laid on the reform of the international financial infrastructure of the present globalized world and the role assumed by G20.
More...The aim of this article is to study conceptually the classic tension between politics and government, and the role of the aesthetic in this tension. The main interest in the article is in the concept of government: why do we generally need ruling and governing, what is the ‘ultimate’ purpose of government, why do we, on the whole, understand the concept of government similarly in different political cultures, and, accordingly, experience governing in the same way? In getting to know the concept of ruling and governing, we at the same time learn the basic language and words, images, emotions, and aesthetic principles and codes, which are closely engaged with the concept or, vice versa, without which the concept cannot exist.
More...Keywords: Poland ; Revolution ; Marginalisation of Politics
Die Revolutionen in Ostmitteleuropa 1989 verlangen einen gleichzeitigen Umbau von Wirtschaft, Verwaltungsapparat und politischer Macht. Die Länder dieser Region müssen umlernen auf dem Gebiet der Warenproduktion, der Administration und der politischen Selbstbestimmung. Ungeachtet der Wechselwirkungen zwischen ihnen, sind diese drei Aspekte doch in wesentlichen Teilen unabhängig voneinander. Mein Interesse gilt hauptsächlich dem letzteren. Ich behaupte, daß die relative Autonomie des politischen Faktors im gegenwärtigen Stadium der polnischenRevolution über Gebühr in den Hintergrund getreten ist, und ich nehme diese Entwicklung nicht ohne Bedauern zur Kenntnis. Zum einen, weil es leichter, möglicherweise weniger zeitaufwendig und sicherlich billiger gewesen wäre, zunächst eine solide Basis für eine legitime Regierung zu schaffen, als neue Verwaltungsstrukturen zu errichten oder eine Marktwirtschaft einzuführen. Zum anderen hätte die Konsolidierung der politischen Sphäre vielleicht ohnehin das Hauptanliegen sein müssen. Denn wenn alles gesagt und getan sein wird, und die Zeit reif ist, darüber nachzudenken, ob und in welchem Maße die osteuropäischen Revolutionen erfolgreich waren oder gescheitert sind, wenn wir uns die Frage stellen, ob der Übergang gelungen ist, werden wir uns nicht mit Arbeitslosenzahlen, Angaben zum Bruttosozialprodukt oder zur Inflationsrate zufrieden geben, sondern wir werden wissen wollen, wie tief die dem.okratischen Institutionen verankert sind.
More...Keywords: language change; syntax; case assignment; apposition; coordination
In detailed investigations of the use of cases in present-day German, caused by Sebastian Sick‘s book Der Dativ ist dem Genitiv sein Tod, I discovered that the statements by Sick (2004) present only half of the truth (or even less), since the replacement of the genitive by the dative is only part of more extensive changes: the dative is also replaced by the genitive (especially after prepositions), dative and accusative are exchanged, and all three oblique cases are exchanged by the nominative. My initial findings concerned cases assigned by verbs and prepositions as well as cases in appositives. Meanwhile, I noticed that you can find case changes also in conjoined NPs like den Leichen von Generalbundesanwalt Buback und seines Fahrers (rather than: seinem Fahrer). In my article many examples for case changes are presented and interpreted. They show the increasing uncertainty of speakers of German in their use of cases in all of the three affected areas (government by nouns and prepositions, apposition and coordination). We can draw the conclusion that the case system of German has become instable, that it is changing and might possibly be given up altogether − a change that already has taken place in all other Germanic languages except Islandic.
More...Keywords: Austria; EU; Eastern Europe; Benita Ferrero-Waldner
May 1, 2004 is a joyful day for the Polish society. Poland became a member of the European-Union! The Austrians did not enjoy the admission of the 10 countries of Central and Eastern Europe to the EU. At that time only 38% of Austrians were satisfied with EU membership. Before the enlargement of the Union Austria suggested a seven-year grace period for citizens from new member states who wish to work in the area of the EU and the protection period for the four main industries. Members of the Austrian Government and the Commissioner, Franz Fischler expresses a hope that Austrian entrepreneurs would expand to the east. Sixty seven percent of entrepreneurs of small Austrian companies felt, however, that EU enlargement will not bring the country any benefits. They pressured the government to protect its own labor market, agriculture and border regions.
More...Keywords: Grammatikmodal verbs/auxiliaries; infinitive; auxiliarization; grammaticalization; corpus-based grammar;
The aim of this paper is to explore functionally relevant morphosyntactic properties of Hungarian infinitive + auxiliary constructions in a corpus-based study. The major criteria of auxiliary status include the iconic insertion of the finite verb form between preverb and infinitive, its frequency of occurrence, as well as the marked/unmarked status of its complement. On the basis of this corpus study, two major types of auxiliaries governing infinitive complements can be discerned, although there are no sharp boundaries either between those two types or between either of them and other kinds of constructions involving infinitives.
More...Keywords: Norwegian Constitution; Pre-March Germany; 19th century; constitutionslism.;
The Norwegian constitution, the Grunnlov from May 17 1814, is, as the legal foundation document of the modern Norwegian state not very present in current German science of legal history. In German publications of the 19th century the perception of the Grunnlov was quite different. This paper will explore the emanation of knowledge of the Constitution as well as the understanding of how it worked in practice in Pre-March-Germany.
More...Keywords: Governance; Multi-level Governance; local government; Germany
The aim of this article is to present how the concept of multi-level governance was adopted to the German local government. The author made two arrangements. Firstly, the emergence of multi-level governance in Germany is based on top-down activities, which occur between federal states and communities. Creating network systems results from the conviction of the state authorities about fulfillment of public tasks, which is more effective with private organizations, which are moderated by public entities. Secondly, before implementing multi-level governance on local level, the regional governance was posed on the level of federal states, which is the adjustment of governance’s concept to the specify of federal states. Notwithstanding, the most important result from this article is the fact, that multi-level governance was implemented to the structure of local government in the characteristic type of public task (Gemeinschaftsaufgaben).
More...Keywords: justice; injustice; feminist criticism of political thought; equality; inequality;
In the article, there are presented two situations wherein the application of a particular concept of justice appears as injustice. The first case refers to the feminist interpretation of Aristotle’s philosophy of justice, more specifically his “responsibility” for the exclusion of women from the public sphere. It also refers generally to the feminist criticism of the canon of political thought. The second one covers the area of interpersonal relations, especially between parents and children.
More...Keywords: Kausativität; Kausativkonstruktion; Valenz; Kausator; Kausatum;
In diesem Beitrag wird es darum gehen, die analytischen Kausativkonstruktionen lassen + Infinitiv im Deutschen und ihre entsprechenden Äquivalente im Bosnischen zu beschreiben und zu untersuchen. Zuerst wird der Begriff der analytischen Kausativkonstruktion definiert und dann wird die Kausativkonstruktion lassen + Infinitiv anhand der Sekundärliteratur und des untersuchten Korpus detaillierter beschrieben. Im nächsten Kapitel werden ihre entsprechenden Äquivalente im Bosnischen dargestellt. Der nächste Schritt wird sich auf dem valenztheoretischen basierenden Ansatz und der syntakto-semantischen Valenzanalyse basieren. Alle dem untersuchten Korpus entnommenen Beispiele, sowohl deutsche als auch bosnische, werden auf ihre Valenzstruktur hin untersucht, wobei alle Ebenen der Verbvalenz in Betracht gezogen werden. Zum Schluss werden die analytischen Konstruktionen in beiden Sprachen miteinander verglichen, damit dann Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede hervorgehoben werden.
More...