Dyadic conflicts and motivational empathy: The Method of Motivational Induction and the accuracy of reciprocal inferences about motives

Dyadic conflicts and motivational empathy: The Method of Motivational Induction and the accuracy of reciprocal inferences about motives

Author(s): Cătălin Mamali / Language(s): English / Issue: 21/2008

Keywords: motivational empathy; reciprocal motivational inferences; intrinsic and extrinsic motives

Because in everyday life people make inferences about the kind and intensity of others' motives, the present study explores the process through which non-experts make inferences about others' motives. The self-determination theory predicted and many empirical studies inspired by it proved that the dynamic of the relations between intrinsic and extrinsic motives is influenced by social cues and relationships (Cozzolino et al., 2004; Deci et al., 2001; Senécal et al., 2001). The construct and method of empathic accuracy (Ickes, 1993) opened new perspectives on the interaction between motivation and interpersonal cognitive processes. The motivational empathy is assessed through the accuracy of motivational inferences and is considered a distinctive indicator of motivational intelligence (Mamali, 1998). Using the Method of Motivational Induction (Nuttin, Lens, 1980/1985), participants were asked to make inferences about the motives of others. After each participant completed one's own MIM and after the participants have been grouped in three types of dyads based on the results of their prior sociometrical test, they made inferences about the partners' motives. The 72 dyads in which each participant was asked to make accurate inferences about the others’ motives were: +/+, reciprocal attractions (26); +/-, contradictory relations (22); -/-, reciprocal rejection (24). The findings suggest that those who belong to reciprocal attraction dyads display the highest involvement in finalizing the approximation of the partner's motives. Also the data suggest that those who form the reciprocal rejection dyads and finalize their approximations of other's motives achieve inferences with highest level of accuracy.

The role of emotions in moral judgments

Rolul emoţiilor în judecăţile morale

Author(s): Andreea Bobb / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 35/2015

Septimiu Chelcea's Style. A "miniexhibition"

Stilul Septimiu Chelcea. O „miniexpoziţie”

Author(s): Luminiţa Mihaela Iacob / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 35/2015

Professor Septimiu Chelcea's theoretical and practical-humanist psychosocial sensitivity

Sensibilitatea psihosocială, teoretică şi practic‑umanistă a profesorului Septimiu Chelcea

Author(s): Petru Iluţ / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 35/2015

A lietime in the service of Romanian psychosociology

O viaţă în slujba psihosociologiei româneşti

Author(s): Alin Gavreliuc / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 35/2015

Limited common ground, unlimited communicative success.

Limited common ground, unlimited communicative success.

Author(s): Daria Bahtina-Jantsikene,Ad Backus / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: lingua receptiva; meta-communicative devices; L2 proficiency; multilingualism; common ground; Estonian; Russian;

Previous research on Estonian-Russian interaction suggests that lingua receptiva (LaRa), or Receptive Multilingualism, has the potential to create, boost or restore common ground, or mutual understanding, in situations where common ground is jeopardized. This mode is characterized by the simultaneous use of multiple languages as interlocutors each speak their mother tongue and count on the receptive skills of the other. Alignment in the LaRa mode was tested in a series of experiments. Th e use of various meta-communicative strategies provided insight into the mechanisms behind LaRa. Their distribution was influenced somewhat by L2 proficiency and exposure to multilingual communicative situations. Interestingly, higher L2 knowledge was not a prerequisite for success. Moreover, it was the composition of the dyad rather than the characteristics of the individuals that had predictive power regarding communicative success.

Code-switching, lexico-grammatical features and loan translation.

Code-switching, lexico-grammatical features and loan translation.

Author(s): Jim Hlavac / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: code-switching; grammaticalisation; loan translation; light verbs; Macedonian;

This paper looks at the speech of bilinguals, in this case a group of 103 Macedonian-Australians and focuses on code-switching in a lexical sense, e.g. embedding, insertion, alternation, referring to lexical material that is transferred across languages, regardless of length. Two- or multi-item constructions as a code-switching related phenomenon are investigated, especially the role of light-verb constructions. Lexico-grammatical and lexico-semantic influence (via loan translation) is examined to see whether imported lexical items co-occur with and appear to precipitate structural innovations.

Editorial: Children and Migration

Editörden: Çocuklar ve göç

Author(s): Ibrahim Sirkeci,Yasemin Cakirer Ozservet / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Children; refugees; Europe; Turkey;

We should begin with thanking all our authors and reviewers in this issue. According to UNHCR data, over 50 percent of Syrian refugees in Turkey were children. Refugee children is also on the global agenda. According to Eurostat, it was reported that 51% of 45,300 refugee children who arrive in the EU countries were of Afghan origin, while 16 percent were of Syrian descent. It was also reported that 70 percent of asylum applications in Germany, Sweden and Hungary were in this category. Hence children deserves a special attention in migration and refugee studies.

Migration and Children in Fakir Baykurt’s stories from Germany

Fakir Baykurt’un Almanya öykülerinde Türk göçmen çocukları

Author(s): Efnan Dervişoğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Fakir Baykurt; Germany; labor migration; child; story;

The migration of workers to Germany has been taken up with its causes, consequences and social dimensions; the migration and the problems encountered in subsequent phases have been stated by experts in the subject. Fakir Baykurt’s stories from Germany, regarding the reality they represent, are among the literary forms that coincide with the facts supplied by social sciences. These stories take their sources from true life experiences as the products of observations and experiences with migrant workers and their families in Germany where the writer has passed twenty years of his life and worked for the education of the worker’s children; therefore information related to Fakir Baykurt’s life and his years in Germany are provided in the first part of the study. The life of children reflected in the stories constitutes the main theme of the study. Under the subtitles of “Family and Home Life”, “Education Life and related issues”, “Social environment, friendships and Turkish-German disparity” and “Amidst two cultures”, the lives in Germany of children who have been raised in working class families and who have immigrated from Turkey are evaluated under the light of facts provided by the stories and examples are given. These stories appear to confirm that literature is an art that reflects the social reality and is open to sociological assessments

Child labor among Syrian refugees and problems: case of Kilis

Suriyeli sığınmacı çocuk işçiler ve sorunları: Kilis örneği

Author(s): Muazzez Harunoğulları / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Syrian immigrants; child labor; Turkey; asylum seekers;

The number of refugees fleeing to Turkey due to the civil war in Syria has exceeded 3 millions. As a border city, Kilis hosts a large population of Syrian refugees. The purpose of this study is to examine child labor issue among Syrian refugees and their socio-spatial and socio-economic conditions in Kilis. This study evaluates the problems of child workers whose right to live a healthy life and to play was imperiled. Certain neighborhoods selected according to stratified sampling method and 62 child workers were interviewed and observed in this study. Survey, interview and observation methods were used to collect data about Syrian child labor. Quantitative data were presented in tables and figures; qualitative data was evaluated with the descriptive analysis method. It was found out that poverty, unemployed parents, the number of siblings and eagerness to support the family are among the factors affecting Syrian child labor. The Syrian refugee children who were forced to work face many physical, social and psychological problems. To solve these issues the public authorities should take necessary precautions and need to ensure suitable work places both for parents and children.

Migrant children and school cultures: A suggestion for inclusion

Göçmen çocuklar ve okul kültürleri: Bir bütünleştirme önerisi

Author(s): Halis Sakız / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Migrant children; inclusive school culture; qualitative research; Turkey;

This article reports on the findings of an empirical research investigating the thoughts, beliefs and attitudes towards the inclusion of migrant children in the South-eastern region of Turkey which is currently exposed to intensive migration waves. Specifically, the article explores the attitudes of school administrators towards the education of migrant children in their schools, the barriers to this education stemming from the school culture and the opportunities in the education system to build inclusive school cultures in which migrant children can feel belonging to. The research employed 18 school administrators, utilized semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data and analyzed them through thematic analysis. Findings showed that (a) school administrators supported education of migrant children in segregated environments and possessed negative attitudes towards their education in public schools; (b) structural limitations and low social acceptance levels affected the negative attitudes towards the education of migrant children and (c) stakeholders needed to be provided with psycho-social and structural support in order to establish inclusive school cultures.

Refugees and future in Hatay without a plan

Mülteciler ve Hatay’da geleceğin plansız inşası

Author(s): Erhan Kurtarir,Zehra Güngördü / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Turkey; Planning; Syrian migrants; children; Hatay;

According to UN data, refugee distribution on world wide shows us most of the refugees are living in urban areas. It can be seen that today refugee’s migrating into the direction of global cities to find better living condition. This paper aims to draw attention to the urban refugee problematic which is overlooked by urban planning practices today in Turkey. For this purpose, conditions of refugees in Hatay, local dynamics and education of refugee children will be evaluated as social integration strategy and needed responsibility of planning authority in order to reach that goal will be discussed. Hatay and it’s spatial strategic planning process has been selected as the case study of this paper.

Emotional geographies of Turkish children in transnational spaces in London

Londra’daki Türkiyeli çocukların ulusaşırı mekânlarda duygusal coğrafyaları

Author(s): Ahmet Uysal / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Transnational spaces; emotional geographies; Turkish children;

In recent years, the study of children geographies has attracted interest thanks to child studies. Children geographies have an interdisciplinary approach, which diversifies perspectives on the concepts of child and childhood. It also bears traces of different paradigms within the study of human geographies. Besides, the rise of mobility, owing to new developments in communication and transportation, has influenced migration studies. Transnational social fields and transnational spaces have come to refer to a phenomenon in which social and, to a great extent, individual elements transcends borders whose influence upon migration has diminished with time. Migrant children constitute the principal element of this phenomenon. In this context, the aim of this paper is to point out the relationship between the concept of transnational spaces and children of the Turkish speaking community in London. It also aims to come to know emotional geographies of children, allowing them to speak for themselves. In this sense, it is used the semi-structured interview and participant observastion to represent the emotional geographies of Turkish children who has diverse and mixed emotion about given places.

VIEWPOINT: Europe’s migration crisis: An American perspective

GÖRÜŞ: Amerikan gözüyle Avrupa’nın göç krizi

Author(s): Philip L. Martin / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: migration crisis; policy; American perspective; integration;

The European Union’s 28 member nations received over 1.2 million asylum seekers in 2015, including 1.1 million in Germany and over 150,000 in Sweden. The US, by comparison, has been receiving 75,000 asylum applications a year. One reason for the upsurge in asylum applicants is that German Chancellor Angela Merkel in August 2015 announced that Syrians could apply for asylum in Germany even if they passed through safe countries en route. The challenges of integrating asylum seekers are becoming clearer, prompting talk of reducing the influx, reforming EU institutions, and integrating migrants.

BOOK REVIEW

KITAP INCELEME

Author(s): Hacı Mehmet Boyraz / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: migration; Turkey;

This is a review of the book on Turkey as a country of migrations edited by Lulufer Korukmez and Ilkay Sudas.

Van Gogh’s brushstroke. Semiotics, function, syntax

Tah štětce u Van Gogha. Sémiotika, funkce, syntax

Author(s): Jan Zachariáš / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Vincent van Gogh; brushstroke; paragone; semiotics; visual time

This text focuses on the role of the brushstroke in Vincent van Gogh’s work. Van Gogh’s brushstroke technique draws on the tradition of European painting, spanning from Titian to Delacroix and the Impressionists, a tradition in which brushstroke played an important role. Van Gogh, however, was the first to make it an autonomous element in his paintings. European Post-Renaissance painting features tendencies which favored either colors or lines, with the contradiction between these two trends being essential for defining different principles in painting, and naturally in the brushstroke as well. Van Gogh’s prominent brushstroke represents a deliberate synthesis of the line and the color, thus bringing the line-color controversy to an end. Van Gogh’s brushstroke, however, also has its semiotic meaning. Constituting an artistic formula, an individual stroke can represent different objects, which makes it not only a medium, but also a sign. Van Gogh arranges brushstrokes to create an open system, which is capable of the unique rendition of the notion of time, or a moment in time through a semiotic syntax of strokes. This text presents an analysis of van Gogh’s individual works of art as well as his texts.

Eva Kmentová and the Body Imprint in the Sixties and Seventies Art

Eva Kmentová a tělesný otisk v umění šedesátých a sedmdesátých let

Author(s): Tereza Hrušková / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Eva Kmentová; Jindřich Chalupecký; Giuseppe Penone; George-Didi Huberman; Yve-Alain Bois; Rosalind Krauss; Konfrontace (The Confrontation); body imprint; index; photography; object; informe; formlessn

This work deals with a physical body imprint in Art of sixties and seventies, analysing – in a form of comparative and case studies – selected works of the Czech sculptor Eva Kmentová (1928–1980). The issue of body imprint is gripped in a broader theoretical context and is based on decisive foreign works of George Didi-Huberman and of Rosalind Krauss with Yve-Alain Bois. The aim of the thesis is to show another possible perspective of Kmentová’s work in the much broader international perspective.

Július Koller and Art Archive

Július Koller a umelecký archív

Author(s): Martina Poliačková / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Julius Koller; archive; conceptual art; Slovakia

This paper deals with the topic of artist’s archive with an emphasis on Julius Koller’s archive. It concerns with the broader discursive frames of archives understanding and its specific framework within the art production. It reveals Koller’s archive practices as a whole with his conceptual work included, as well as they are put in the context of selfhistoricizing practices, that are typical for the former Eastern Bloc situation. It illustrates similar strategies in the work of the IRWIN group, Museum of American Art in Berlin, Lia Perjovschi, J. H. Kocman, KwieKulik, Artpool Art Research Center, Tamás St. Auby and Ilja Kabakov. Their artistic practice constists of selfdocumentation and self-administration that serves to draft some kind of the para-institution due to lack of independent platforms for presenting visual art not necessarily bound to official doctrine of social realism. This activity turns out to possess substantial power to become effective subversive tacticts within the existing system. In the last part, the anthropological matter of the archive as a mind-map is discussed in a new relation to memory, from the photomontage, through The Mnemosyne Atlas and an imaginary museum of Aby Warburg to the Gerhard Richter’s Atlas. It provides another possibility how to grasp the phenomenom of art archive in the framework of visuality of modernity.

Statues in the park in Lysá nad Labem

Sochy v zámeckém parku v Lysé nad Labem

Author(s): Kateřina Adamcová / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Lysá nad Labem; Matyáš Bernard Braun; František Adámek; Czech Baroque sculpture; historical research

Article examines the group of statues in the park in Lysá nad Labem, that was commissioned by the Count František Antonín Špork and which usually been associated with the famous Baroque sculptor Matyáš Bernard Braun. This article shows the possibilities of using historical survey methods in the analysis and interpretation of the sculptures. The main sources of new information about statues in th park in Lysá nad Labem are their pedestals, where we find the interesting clues revealing the history of the group and its main ideological program. The comparison of this group of the statues with the selected famous works of European Baroque sculpture demonstrated that its author, sculptor Johann Lang-Dlouhý, was very well focused on current trends, and that his works was not dependent only on production Prague sculpture studios.

Joris Karl Huysmans as an art critic and his influence upon the Czech lands

Joris Karl Huysmans jako kritik umění a jeho pražské odezvy

Author(s): Tomáš Kolich / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Joris-Karl Huysmans; art criticism; decadence; Moderní revue; Volné směry

This text focuses on Joris-Karl Huysmans as an art critic and on his influence on the Czech environment. As during his lifetime, Huysmans’s critical work as well as his personal life underwent significant transformations, his work found favorable response among several different opinion groups, which engaged in controversies with one another.The circle associated with the Moderní revue (Modern Review) magazine presented Huysmans as a decadent and focused on his texts such as A rebours (1884). Of the Moderní revue circle, particularly Antonín Procházka’s and Karel Hlaváček’s texts featured inspiration by Huysmans. The Volné směry (Free Styles) magazine, on the other hand, perceived Huysmans as a naturalist and a defender of impressionism. Huysmans influenced particularly Miloš Jiránek and František Xaver Šalda; the latter wrote an extensive obituary of Huysmans. Huysmans was further mentioned in Rozhledy (Horizons), a periodical which voiced opinions which were less limited in breadth, and his conversion made him an attractive figure also for the Catholic Nový život (New Life) magazine, which however did not focus on his critical thought on art.Generally speaking, Huysmans’s reviews were widely read in the Czech Lands, although their selection was limited. Czech art periodicals found his reviews interesting for his daring style and a broad range of themes, which also included little-known artists, caricatures and posters.