Education for the future in a European perspective

Utdanning for fremtiden i et europeisk perspektiv

Author(s): Dan Roger Sträng / Language(s): Norwegian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: education; European perspective; furure;

Hver nasjon har sin egenart. Noen ganger virker det som om vi undervurderer hvor komplekst det er å forklare og forstå det som kjennetegner andre nasjoner og folkegrupper. Kunnskap og kompetanse utjevner forskjeller mellom ulike grupper og øker de unges muligheter til å velge yrke og oppnå livskvalitet (Giota, 2014). Uten kunnskap har vi vanskeligere for å forholde oss til omverdenen, og standpunktene våre i ulike spørsmål blir vage og tvetydige. Kategoriseringer og forutinntatte meninger fører til fordommer og økt avstand mellom mennesker. Én måte å definere likeverd på er menneskers rett til utdanning.

Main challenges for the Norwegian schools during the last decade

Kort oversikt over utfordringer for skolen de siste tiårene

Author(s): Roald Jensen,Dag Sørmo / Language(s): Norwegian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Norway; education; schools; last decade; main challenges;

I denne delen av boka beskrives ulike tendenser som viser at utviklingen i skolen og i lærerutdanningen er krevende prosesser. Her pekes på ulike sider som bakgrunn for behovet for kontinuerlig veiledning i et yrke som til enhver tid skal tilpasse seg et komplisert samfunn som utvikler seg raskt. Ettersom skolen har sitt oppdrag fra myndighetene, skal den reflektere og forberede elevene til et samfunn som gjennomgående er rettet mot fremtiden. En lærer har ved oppstart av sin karriere en grunnutdanning som skal hjelpe ham eller henne til å takle situasjoner langt inn i fremtiden. I en slik utfordring er det viktig at læreren har en innstilling til at oppdateringer og justeringer av både kompetanse og samhandlingssituasjoner må skje som en kontinuerlig prosess som utvikler seg underveis. Det er krevende å være samfunnsborger i den nye moderne verden, men kanskje enda mer krevende å være en lærer som skal forholde seg til alle disse endringene. Samfunnets forventninger er ofte at læreren skal være i forkant av det som skjer. Samtidig skal læreren også ta ansvar for den retning myndighetene ønsker at skolen til enhver tid skal bevege seg. Ofte kan dette også være i konflikt med faglige begrunnelser og avgjørelser (Garbo, 2014).

Impact of teaching way in health education on pupil’s knowledge at primary school

Vliv formy výuky výchovy ke zdraví na znalosti žáků základní školy

Author(s): Ludmila Fialová / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: body care; self-concept and physical self; physical activities; eating habits; health education;

The contribution deals with the subjects for the educational branch “Human and Health” (body care, self-concept and physical self, physical activities, eating habits in “Health education”). The research aim was to compare knowledge of basic school pupils in experimental group (53 pupils) and control group (54 pupils) according to attending different teaching models. Researchers prepared the set of didactic manuals (according to entrance pupil’s answers in the questionnaire). The practical application of these didactic manuals ran the half of a year in 2 ninths experimental classes of primary school. The output knowledge were verified through the final questionnaire survey and compared with the knowledge of pupils from two control classes of the ninth grade. The results show significant better knowledge in the experimental group after regular lessons of Health education in comparison to the knowledge of the control group after introducing the health topics in other subjects (the old teaching model).

Evaluation of selected results of achieved curriculum in educational field of Health education in students in grade 9 of elementary school

Evaluace vybraných výsledků dosaženého kurikula vzdělávacího oboru Výchova ke zdraví u žáků 9. ročníků základních škol

Author(s): Michaela Hřivnová / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Health education; curriculum; Standards for elementary education – Health education; evaluation; quality of education;

Quality of education is frequently evaluated by means of the level of students’ educational achievements. For a number of educational fields in lower secondary education a cascade of test tools has been developed to monitor the quality of education at a national and international level. For the educational field of Health education, so far there have been no evaluation tools to provide an overview of students’ achievements in this educational field. The aim of the present research was to develop an evaluation tool to monitor the achieved curricular level by students in the educational field of Health education and thus determine the level of adopted curriculum. The results of an initial didactic criterion-referenced test designed in compliance with the Standards for elementary education – Health education completed by 910 students in grade 9 of elementary school suggest that the level achieved curriculum appears to be insufficient and that there is a disproportion between the intended and achieved curriculum in the educational field of Health education. The test was successfully completed on average by 39% of students in grade 9; using the weighted score the success rate was 70%.

Pre-graduate teacher training in security topics. Security literacy as part of health education

Pregraduální příprava učitelů v bezpečnostních tématech. Bezpečnostní gramotnost jako součást výchovy ke zdraví

Author(s): Miroslava Kovaříková / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: security literacy; safe school; teacher training;

This article deals with the issue of integrating the security issue into the pregraduate teacher training with an emphasis on the preparation of teachers of health education. The aim of the text is to bring together selected issues related to this issue.

Support of health in the curriculum of a specific college and secondary school

Podpora zdraví v kurikulu střední a vyšší zdravotnické školy

Author(s): Hana Urbanová / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: school educational programs; curriculum; pedagogical documents; health education; minimal preventive program; medical specializations;

The text is describing the research implementing in the diploma thesis with a title of "Health support in curriculum of Secondary Nursing School and Nursing College in Prague". The aim of qualitative research was to ascertain how this school has taken the chances of health support in its pedagogical documents, what lifestyle the teachers have and what is the concrete experience with an implementation of health support. The research was done with the help of three techniques of data collection: the method of half-structured interviews with selected teachers, analysis of relevant pedagogical documents and the method of observing during lessons and outside lessons. The inquiry also shown that issues of health support is very well anchored in curricular documents but limited personnel and capacitive opportunities of the school. Despite the fact it is possible to state, the health support at this school is being realized the way we can consider that as an example of good practice.

Realisation Results – 1st Year of the Project of Brief Interventions in Practise of Health Professionals

Výsledky realizace 1. roku projektu krátké intervence v praxi zdravotníků

Author(s): Lidmila Hamplová,Soňa Jexová,Renata Procházková,Eva Marková,Jana Hlinovská / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: brief intervention; tobacco; alcohol; nutrition; physical aktivity; education;

Short interventions is about practical approach, using illustrative educative cards, which are demonstrating danger of alcohol abuse, smoking and motivating to physical activate and healthy food habits. Task is clear – to increase health awareness of person being intervened and responsibility to own healthiness. Long term goal is to decrease incidence of illnesses, which are mainly caused by in-healthy living style and low pedigree of own heath. Short interventions are applicable across all age groups and financial cost are actually low. Students of General Nurse program of “Vysoká škola zdravotnická” were trained in short application intervention which are being realized crossed contracted partners under project of “Application of short intervention in practice”. This program was supported by grant program Ministry of Health and National health program – project of health support years 2016-2017.

Specific features of the pro-health education of romany pupils attending primary schools

Špecifiká prozdravotnej edukácie rómskych žiakov na primárnom stupni vzdelávania

Author(s): Jozef Liba,Jana Burgerová / Language(s): Slovak / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: health; life-style; education to health; family; school education; romany pupil; pro-health school program; e-learning education;

The paper reflects the recently obtained health-related and social-pathological data on Romany pupils. It specifies several adverse life-style parameters of Romanies as the manifestation and the consequence of their social, cultural, educational and linguistic incompatibility. The insufficient or even dysfunctional strategy of family education appears to be the factor preventing Romany children from acceptation of regulatory rules and standards. School is presented as a guaranteeing educational institution in the process of generating, stabilizing and interiorizing health-related values and rules. A significant potential of prohealth intervention programs is highlighted in terms of supportive health-education strategies. Last but not least, the paper points out the applicability of e-learning in the process of prohealth education at primary schools.

Running for health

Běh pro zdraví

Author(s): Jan Novotný / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: recreational running; health;

The contribution is on recreational endurance running on moderate intensity as a health support. We point out its positive effects on physiological function, e.g. pleasurable experience, higher insulin sensitivity, rest heart parasympathomimetic regulation. We should to limit risks of injuries, overuse and collapses. Therefore we recommend the near natural running – in nature, on uneven path, as well as to try for a fore-foot landing and of minimalist shoes.

Epidemiological view of intoxication in children in the Slovak Republic

Epidemiologický pohľad na intoxikácie u detí v Slovenskej republike

Author(s): Mária Dubovská,Tatiana Kimáková / Language(s): Slovak / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: intoxication; alcohol; pharmaceutics; smoking; drugs;

Acute poisoning (intoxication) is a state caused by a poisonous substance. This substance enters into the body and can cause organ damage or the death of an individual. Negative effects of smoking, alcohol, drugs and pharmaceutics on the human body should be a challenge for rigorous enforcement of prevention activities across the community. The most important is to avoid the health threat of the most risky groups of children and young people.

Dangers from food – foreign substances

Nebezpečenstvo z požívatín – cudzorodé látky

Author(s): Tatiana Kimáková / Language(s): Slovak / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: food contaminants; mercury; polychlorinated biphenyls; polyvinyl chloride;

Proper nutrition is one of the most important factors influencing human health. It provides energy, nutrients, including important essential substances. Quality and heterogeneous nutrition contributes to the good health and immunity of the individual. Despite the legislative standards, including the Food Code of the Slovak republic, contaminants can get into the food at different stages of their processing. Some contaminants are potentially carcinogens, others have carcinogenic effect confirmed.

The importance of fiber in the diet of children and young people

Význam zavedenia vlákniny do stravovacieho režimu u detí a mládeže

Author(s): Tatiana Kimáková,Mária Dubovská / Language(s): Slovak / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: fiber; diet; life style; prevention;

Lifestyle has a significant importance in overall health. An unhealthy lifestyle affects mortality due to cardiovascular and oncological illnesses. The risk factors include smoking, alcoholism, obesity, diabetes and nutrition. An important part of the diet is fiber that is found only in the vegetable diet. A balanced intake of fiber in human food is important in the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity and paradentoses.

Treatment Modalities of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Adolescents

Treatment Modalities of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Adolescents

Author(s): Boshra Nasser,Marwan Issa,Tatiana Kimáková / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: familial hypercholesterolemia; atherosclerosis; treatment;

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal-dominant genetic disease present in all racial and ethnic groups and has long been recognized as a cause of premature atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. Heterozygous FH has the highest prevalence of genetic defects that cause significant premature mortality. An effective screening strategy together with timely initiation of established therapies would go a long way in reducing the burden of atherosclerosis due to this challenging condition.

Vitamin D supplementation for overweight or obese children

Vitamin D supplementation for overweight or obese children

Author(s): Marwan Issa,Boshra Nasser,Tatiana Kimáková / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: obesity; vitamin D; hypovitaminosis;

Obesity in children is a complex disorder, its prevalence has increased so significantly in recent years that many consider it a major health concern of the developed world. Observational and clinical studies show that vitamin D deficiency and fat mass are inversely correlated, and recent intervention trials indicate that correcting the poor vitamin D status associated with obesity may attenuate some of the comorbidities of obesity. It is not clear whether hypovitaminosis D contributes to, or is a consequence of obesity, or whether there are regulatory interactions between excess adiposity and vitamin D activity.

Bee products and their representation in the nutrition of the adult population of the Czech Republic

Včelí produkty a jejich zastoupení ve výživě dospělé populace ČR

Author(s): Jana Záhorková,Jan Schuster / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: bee products; consumption; adult population; nutrition;

The current trend towards active lifestyle orientation includes the focus on healthy eating and the search for alternatives to "conventional" nutritional strategies. Bee products are an interesting nutritional attribute. The questionnaire survey using a questionnaire of its own design was attended by 1086 respondents over 18 years of age permanently living in the Czech Republic. The most famous and most widely used bee product is honey, where 99% of the adult population has a general idea of composition and use, with a declared average consumption of 0.6 kg per person per year, where consumption is several times higher in interest groups. Respondents prefer liquid consistency and flowering (nectar) honey. Here, due to the composition and origin of Czech honey, controversy arises. The least known product and even the least used is the bee fruit. Given the current food legislation and nutritional potential of the bee, it can be a very interesting option in the future.

Intervention exercise programs for patients after breast cancer treatment

Intervenční cvičební programy pro pacientky po léčbě s karcinomem prsu

Author(s): Alena Pokorná,Radka Střeštíková,Renáta Vychodilová / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: physical activity; breast cancer; exercise lessons; exercise programmes; quality of life;

Breast cancer is a most frequently appearing malignant tumour disease in women. The process of its diagnosis, treatment and recovery is demanding, stressful and complex. However, it could become an important turning point of life, which might bring changes in the lifestyle. Affected patients can change the way they accept themselves and treat their life and health. Our current study introduces intervention exercise programmes designated for women suffering from breast cancer, which is due for becoming a part of an e-book set up by lectures at Masaryk University. The goal of this online publication is to support the women with this diagnosis to return actively into full life.

Reccommended physical activity: volume or intensity – or both?

Doporučená pohybová aktivita: objem nebo intenzita – nebo obojí?

Author(s): Jaroslav Novák,Milan Štork,Jaromír Votík / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: physical activity; physical fitness; life-style; high intensity interval training (HIIT);

Physical inactivity is a primary cause of most chronic noncommunicable diseases. Sufficient daily physical activity (PA) in childhood, in adulthood and in advanced age is associated with aerobic fitness. Better-than-average VO2 max could mean that fitness age is younger than calendar age in years. Reported increased levels of PA and fitness were found reducing in relative risk of death. Important question is – how much physical activity do adults need? Adults need at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity and muscle strengthening activities work of all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week. For additional health benefits, adults should increase their moderate-intensity aerobic PA to 300 minutes per week, or engage in 150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic PA per week, or an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity. Elderly subjects should include exercises to enhance balance. When older adults cannot do the recommended amounts of PA due to health conditions, they should be as physically active as their abilities allow. In some subjects the incorporation of high intensity interval training (HIIT) into a general conditioning program will optimize the development of cardiorespiratory fitness.

The real manifestations of the younger school-age children lifestyle attending a small rural school

Faktické projevy životního stylu dětí mladšího školního věku navštěvujících malotřídní školu

Author(s): Emil Řepka,Lenka Glückseligová / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: younger school age; lifestyle; sleep; fatigue; physical activity;

An analysis of the younger school-age children lifestyle requires getting facts about their real behavior in the environment where they live. The aim of the study was to find out how children in small rural schools follow the rules of healthy lifestyle in everyday life. The research was attended by 78 pupils attending a small rural school. Their average age was 9.9 years. Of the total number, there were 41 boys and 37 girls. Schools were located in municipalities with less than 2000 inhabitants. Questionnaires of the daily regime of pupils (Řehulka, E., 1987) were used to determine the rate of sleep, the feeling of fatigue and the balance between work and rest. To register the weekly motion activity was used the YAMAX pedometer. Children fulfill the recommended sleep amount for their age. We did not find the difference between the sexes in the feeling of fatigue. Differences in work and rest balance between boys and girls are negligible. Children comply with the recommended PA standard by taking steps. At weekends, their physical activity is higher.

The outlook for forming nutrition habits and physical activity patterns in children

Perspektivy utváření pohybového a výživového režimu dětí

Author(s): Leona Mužíková,Vladislav Mužík / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: physical literacy; nutrition literacy; physical activity patterns; nutrition habits; primary education content; educational area Humans and Health, educational area Humans and their World;

The paper points out the importance of developing physical and nutrition literacy in children and forming their nutrition habits and physical activity patterns. The paper also comments on the latest findings and evaluates real possibilities schools have in forming physical activity patterns and nutrition habits in pupils. The paper mentions the outcome of experimental educational program Physical Activity and Nutrition which was run between 2013 and 2015 under the auspices of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic. Based on verified findings, the authors conclude that children’s physical and nutrition literacy is not formed only in schools but also via a range of educational stimuli, information sources and family life patterns. The authors emphasize that it is necessary to enhance the content of basic education with respect to physical activity and nutrition, especially within educational areas Humans and Health, and Humans and their World. In the conclusion the authors suggest measures leading to increased efficiency of children’s nutrition habits and physical activity patterns.

APPENDIX 1 - THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY APPLIED IN THE PROJECT: AN OVERVIEW OF THE INSTRUMENTS

APPENDIX 1 - THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY APPLIED IN THE PROJECT: AN OVERVIEW OF THE INSTRUMENTS

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Research methodology; outdoor environmental education programs;