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Human genome consists of almost 30 thousand genes encoding information necessary for the development of human brain built of 1011 neurons interconnected into a network by means of 1015 synapses. Functional neurogenomics investigates how genome as a whole influences evolution and development of structures and functions of nervous system. Operation of human brain is on the one hand determined by genetically conditioned biological features and environmental factors on the other. Both groups of factors, affecting at a given time, dynamically shape brain functioning. Despite the reductionist character of research in molecular mechanisms that take place in the development and adaptation of the brain, including such data into multidimensional analysis of system biology, allows to obtain a more holistic picture of the researched phenomenon.
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The aim of the paper was empirical verification of the relationship between temperamental traits (according to RTT) and personality disorders. Two hypotheses were tested - the possibility of describing the specific profile of temperamental traits for each disorder or identifying the common temperamental characteristics for all personality disorders. The data were obtained in the study of more than 1700 subjects, assessed by self-report measures: TALEIA-400A, PBQ and SCID-II questionnaire for personality disorders, and the FCB-TI for temperamental traits. The results indicate the high similarity of correlational profiles of temperamental traits with all personality disorders, which may be classified into “week” (characterized by the low capacity for stimulation processing - involving Cluster A, C and borderline personality disorder) or “overstimulated” type of temperament (characterized by dysregulation of stimulation supply – Cluster B: antisocial, histrionic and narcissistic personality disorder). Identifying the specific profile of relations of temperamental traits for each of 10 personality disorders (described in DSM IV) was not possible.
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The research which use the tasks of verbal fluency show the essential diagnostic value of them in reference to clinical analyses. The performance of verbal fluency tasks is modified by different individual factors such as age, sex, education as well as affective ones. The very important factor considered as having an influence on verbal fluency is mood. The aim of the study is to discuss the relationships between the different types of verbal fluency indicators and the intensity of depressive mood. The final analysis of the results of 200 people aged in 18-70 years old is presented. Although the depressive people show the lower scores in the different verbal fluency tasks their results are explained by age and education. Discussion on diagnostic values of neutral and affective verbal fluency is presented.
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The presented work is an attempt of systematization the knowledge of the functional asymmetry of cerebral hemispheres among animals, ranging from invertebrates, ending with primates. The authors used the resulting distribution of lateralization of the senses, which a feature applies. Thus distinguished visual lateralization relating to vision, auditory lateralization sensitive to sounds coming from the environment and the chemical lateralization associated with sense of smell.
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The article deals with the history of the shtetl in Nowogródek, where, before the war about 6,500 Jews lived. When the Germans occupied Nowogródek, a ghetto was established in one of the suburbs, where all the local Jews were deported. The author describes everyday life of the Jews in the ghetto and their fate. Most of them were killed in three mass executions: in December 1941, in August 1942 and February 1943. Many managed to escape to the Bielski partisan outfit, operating in the nearby Nalibocki Forest; the most spectacular escape was that of 232 Jews through a tunnel. These Jews had remained in the town after the mass executions.
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last interview with Raul Hilberg
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EVENTS: “History and Memory after the Holocaust in Germany, Poland, Russia, and Britain”
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EVENTS: “The Eastern Borderlands under Soviet Occupation 1939–1941; Ukrainian–Polish–Jewish relations, social life and mutual relations”
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Wspomnienia, relacje, dzienniki – seria wydawnicza Żydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego INB [Marta Janczewska] ........................................................................ 403 „Write your story” – seria wydawnicza Makor Jewish Community Library [Zuzanna Schnepf] ........................................................................................................ 407 Jean Améry, Poza winą i karą. Próby przełamania podjęte przez złamanego [Sławomir Buryła] ........................................................................................................ 412 Berel Lang, Nazistowskie ludobójstwo. Akt i idea [Aleksandra Ubertowska] ...................... 416 Peter F. Dembowski, Christians in the Warsaw Ghetto: An Epitaph for the Unremembered [John Connelly] ............................................................................................................ 421 Isaiah Trunk, Łódź Ghetto: A History [Klaus-Peter Fredrich] .............................................. 425 Wołodymyr Wjatrowycz, Stawlennia OUN do jewrejiw. Formuwannia pozycji na tli katastrofy [Grzegorz Motyka] .............................................................................. 430 Arnon Rubin, Facts and Fictions about the Rescue of the Polish Jewry during the Holocaust [Agnieszka Haska] .................................................................................. 435 Janina Struk, Holokaust w fotografiach. Interpretacja dowodów [Paweł Szypulski].............. 439 Jonathan Littell, Les Bienveillantes [Michel Laffite].............................................................. 442 Miriam Akawia, Haderech ha’acheret [Jacek Leociak] .......................................................... 447
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EVENTS: The Opening of the Norwegian Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies in Oslo
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The author discusses the history of the Jews of Chmielnik, a town situated 30 kilometres away from Kielce: from a short introduction covering the inter-war period, through the German invasion, ghetto formation, everyday life n the ghetto, deportations and the fate of the survivors. The author extensively describes social organisations and their activity in Chmielnik (Judenrat, Ha Szomer ha-Cair), as well as the contacts between the Jews and the Poles.
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The author discusses three issues: ghetto formation, Jewish workers and the living conditions, mainly based on examples from small ghettoes. from the very beginning, ghettoisation involved loss of property, privacy and autonomy. The author's analysis of the organisation of Jewish forced labour reveals a significant stratification among Jewish forced labourers. The economic aspects of the relations between the Jews and the local non-Jewish population was often omitted by Holocaust researchers, who focused primarily on the formation of German policy and its destructive consequences.
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The author analyses two testimonies from the Stanisławów ghetto: Eliszewa/Elza Binder's and Juliusz Feuerman's. Binder's diary, found in the ghetto, begins on 13 December 1941 and ends on 18 July 1942, whereas Feuerman's notes are a chronicle of the ghetto and the destruction of its inhabitants. the purpose of this analysis, supplemented by a biographical context, is to portray - as well as Brenner can - the characters of their authors. The reading of these two accounts, written in the same historical situation is to demonstrate that both the ideological and the emotional reactions to the current events in the ghetto ghetto cannot be separated from their personal emotional situation or their pre-war lives.
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This article discusses the history of the annihilation of sztetl Gritze, a Polish-Jewish town in Central Poland. In the first part of the article, the author describes the tragedy of the Jewish inhabitants of this small town: the creation and the destruction of the Jewish ghetto and the hardships undergone by those who lived there, and who were subsequently deported to the Warsaw ghetto. The history of the Grojec prisoners of the work camps in Skarżysko-Kamienna, Smoleńsk and Słomczyn are equally examined. In the second part of the article, the author analyses the Jewish-Polish relations in the occupied Grojec. She distinguishes two stages of these relations; the break between these two would have occured, she argues, at the time of deportation of the Jewish inhabitants of the town in February 1942 to the Warsaw ghetto. This event marked the beginning of the transformation of the sztetl Gritze into Judenrein, in which, up to now, the common Jewish-Polish past has been virtually non-existent/ obliterated.
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The exchange of the Palestinian Jews, who at the outbreak of the war were staying in Europe for German residents in Palestine is a relatively unexplored aspect of allied efforts to save the Jewish population. The consensus reached after lengthy and arduous British-German negotiations enabled five such exchanges during 1941–1945. Three of them (in December 1941, November 1942 and January 1943) also included Jewish resident of the Katowice Regierungsbezirk, who by being Palestinian citizens or by being related with Palestinian resident had the right to leave German-occupied areas. Probably this enabled 332 people to leave eastern Upper Silesia. The activity of the German administration to do with the "uncovering" of Palestinian Jews staying in the Katowice Regierungsbezirk, as well as the entire process of organising this action at the local administration level of eastern Upper Silesia was reconstructed on the basis of well-preserved and consistent German documentation from the State Archives in Katowice.
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