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In politics protesting is the less efficient weapon because here it is all about negotiations. Why didn’t we have a massive protest in the Communist Era? Protesters became traitors. And nowadays we can still talk about such a situation.
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The huge constructivist apartment house built in the 1930s in downtownMoscow, on the bank of the Moskva river, owes its present -day name to YuryTrifonov’s novel The House on the Embankment (1976). Being an example ofarchitecture typical of the Stalinist regime and a symbol of the regime’s triumphand dominance over man, the house functions as a very special character inTrifonov’s novel. It represents both individual and collective memory, shows thedestructive influence of history and politics on the life of an individual and thewhole nation. The House on the Embankment, related to the archetypal imageof house, which is traditionally perceived as a space of love, safety and family ties,emerges in Trifonov’s novel as an anti -house, a dehumanizing space in which theintergenerational relations are destroyed and which signifies man’s submission toand fear of authorities.
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''ELECTORAL FARCE" - MEMORANDUM: OF 9 JUNE 1996 To: The U.S. State Department The European Union Diplomatic representatives of the member-states of the Council of Europe For the infornlation of: National and international non-governmental organisations The democratic public in Albania and abroad Front: A group of writers, scholars, artists, journalists, translators, publishers, independent of all political parties. The institutions of democracy in Albania are in a state of collapse. A free and sovereign ballot was stolen and abused in the elections of 26 May 1996 for the parliament of the Republic of Albania, and no parliament possessing democratic legitimacy now exists.
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The appearance of the 100th anniversaries of the Silesian Uprisings in the historic calendar of official events in 2019, 2020 and 2021 signifies their place in Poland’s most recent history. Such a state of affairs constitutes the pretext expressed by the author of the paper who postulates an updated and revised edition of the Silesian Uprisings’ Encyclopaedia originally published in 1982. It should include the elimination of errors and lacks exhibited in the critical reviews written by the acclaimed historians as well as the implementation of the contents that were impossible to appear in academic and popular publications due to censorship of the so-called real socialism era. Finally, the paper postulates the enlargement of the perspective by including the German side of the conflict represented by German historians invited to collaboration.
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In this study, Military Revolution that was claimed to embody in Early Modern Europe and the related debate, both of which have gained a prominent place in Western Military History literature, are being intended to be conveyed in an analytical and simple format yet retaining the intricacies resulting from the complex nature of the issue. Besides, the broad lines of the concepts of Military Technical Revolution(MTR) and Revolution in Military Affairs(RMA) together with the related debate are pointed out with a view to their origins. It would be very useful to track those debates in order to apprehend the transformation and mutual interaction of military, economic and technological dynamics.
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Die Politik der Administration von Bush jr. ist keine Fortschreibung alter Politik. Als neokonservative Rebellen glauben ihre Protagonisten aus der Geschichte und den Fehlern der Vergangenheit gelernt zu haben und streben nun einen fundamentalen Wandel der globalen Ordnung an.
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Stan, w jakim znajduje się Unia Europejska, nie od dzisiaj określa się mianem kryzysu przywództwa. Wobec nieprzejrzystości sytuacji i na poziomie UE, i w krajach członkowskich przewodnictwo Niemiec w pierwszej połowie 2007 r. nabiera szczególnej wagi. Tymczasem stosunek Niemiec do integracji europejskiej podlega głębokim zmianom i staje się znacznie mniej afirmatywny, niż był w przeszłości. Większa warunkowość będą instrumentalność stosunku Niemiec do UE wynika przede wszystkim z problemów wewnętrznych oraz przemian w procesie integracji, które Niemcy w dużej mierze same sprowokowały. Zdolność Niemiec do przywództwa w Unii Europejskiej i odgrywania roli spoiwa naruszonej w ostatnim czasie konstrukcji sprawdzi się podczas ich prezydencji - w pracy nad rozwiązywaniem trzech kwestii, którymi są: reaktywacja europejskiej konstytucji, polityka energetyczna oraz nowa polityka wschodnia (polityka sąsiedztwa).
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This article analyzes the most important political, social, ethical problems of modern society – lies in the media, “fake news” as an indicator of the degradation of the media, civil society institutions, and the authorities. The article analyzes the information processes of modern society, states the influence of fake news on political processes. The article reveals the importance of the political culture of society and the negative perception of fake news. This phenomenon is considered in the context of the informational picture of the world, the need of the authorities to abuse the institution of journalism as an agent of influence and manipulation of public opinion. The study notes the role of the linguistic factor in the implementation of the functions of manipulating society, reducing the level of citizens' trust in the state. The article attempts to reveal the role of social networks in promoting fake news. On the example of the secondary interpretation of the results of a sociological survey in the United States, the negative perception of fake news by society is revealed. The survey results indicate the growth of inequality and prejudice in society. The article concludes about the social turbulence of the processes of modern society.
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Vintilă Mihăilescu writes a short essay on “Romanian fatalism”. But he suggests that it is not about a „national specific fatalism”, but a traditional societies one. So there is no need to hide our failures behind this convenient false explanation.
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Im Gegensatz zu den meisten französischen Intellektuellen hat Marek Halter eine vorsichtig positive Meinung über das Russland Vladimir Putins, zumal er es auf eine Zeitachse mit dem totalitären Gulag-System stellt und die relativ zivilen Formen der Einführung der Marktwirtschaft mit den Frühzeiten des Kapitalismus vergleicht. Über die Streitfrage Tschetschenien kommt die Frage der Einzigartigkeit historischer Erfahrungen, der Erinnerung, die nie nur für sich selbst stehen soll, und der Gerechtigkeit im Falle des Konflikts zwischen Israelis und Palästinensern zur Sprache. An Interview with Marek Halter
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„Germany has been an early and determined advocate of EU enlargement. The accession of the Eastern and South Eastern European countries to the EU, the vision a Europe whole and free, was and certainly still is a historical and political obligation for all of us. […]“
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The European Union has changed Europe irreversibly. Regardless of the fate of the Lisbon Treaty, a new phase of intergovernmental debates on the EU’s development cannot be avoided. Wise reform should be the strategic objective of reflections on Europe’s institutional architecture and its global role, especially in view of delays in examining Europe’s role in the world.
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The article briefly explores contribution of the media in fighting corruption stressing the role of professional ethics. The focus of the article is placed on the preventive potential in fighting corruption of an information published, particularly in the countries that only had initiated democratic transformation.
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In the international context, the notions of nationality and national state will loose their meaning. One speaks today of “regional states”, of opening the national markets, of offering access through education to outside information, of the need to enforce regulations as regards cartels, competition, intellectual property, environmental protection.
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”We Stand in Historical Legal Grounds”. A Case Study in Political Discourse Studies about the Role of Act I of 1946 in the Debate of Re-establishing the Institution of the President of the Republic in 1989–90 The paper focuses on the role of the historical arguments in the presidency debate in 1989–90. This debate was one of the most important episodes of democratic transition in Hungary, and notably it contributed to the reinstallation of political pluralism as well, for the controversies over the forms and rules of the presidential system put an end to the temporary tactical unity of the opposition groups sitting together at the Opposition Roundtable. The differences had been crystallized around two topics: the mode of election (by the people vs. by the legislature) and the importance within the political system (semi-presidential vs. parliamentary system). The historical arguments brought forward by the late prime minister, József Antall proposed a compromise between the state-party’s views (semi-presidential system and direct election) and the most determined parts of the Opposition Roundtable (Free Democrats and Young Democrats) establishing a general principle grounded on arguments of a historical public-legal continuity for parliamentary system and a possibility of exception appealing to the exceptionality of the situation. While this proposal was never accepted by all sides of the Roundtable talks, at the same time, due to their liberal and democratic content, the historical arguments made it possible to make partial compromises between the state-partyand the moderate groups (Forum of Hungarian Democrats) of the opposition, later between the newly elected parliamentary majority (Forum) and opposition (Free Democrats) and this way it helped to make the process of democratic transition easier. Ironically, these historical arguments for a liberal democratic political model later effected heated debates between the new right and left parliamentary parties after 1990 as well, for the conception of historical continuity underwent a change of reference and became identified with the anti-democratic, anti-liberal and merely anachronistic political traditions of the Hungarian political culture.
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