Kontvõõrana vanas eesti pulmas

Author(s): Ken Ird / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 06/2019

Review of: Vanaaja pulm. Valitud tekste ja pilte 16. sajandi keskpaigast 19. aastasaja viimase veerandini. Kokku seadnud Ants Hein. Tallinn: Tänapäev, 2018. 423 lk.

The area of the upper course of the Drina river (in Bosnia and Herzegovina) in the 2nd and 3rd century

Author(s): Amina Šehović / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

The upper course of the Drina river was a part of the Roman province of Dalmatia – more precisely it was located in the eastern part of the province. The mentioned territory, which in present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina includes towns Goražde and Foča as well as smaller villages, belonged to the municipal unit whose center was in the village of Komini near Pljevlja – Montenegro. This administrative unit is known as Municipium S(...?). There is no mention of this administrative unit in the written source material. Accordingly, epigraphic monuments are the main sources from which the past of this administrative unit can be studied. They mention elements that testify to the administrative organization. As there is no information in the written source material, reconstruction can only be partially done. Many questions, starting with the name of the administrative unit, are still not clarified.

Salmedin Mesihović, Bitka za Ilirik

Author(s): Lamija Keso / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2022

Review of: Salmedin Mesihović, Bitka za Ilirik, Udruženje za proučavanje i promoviranje ilirskog naslijeđa i drevnih klasičnih civilizacija “BATHINVS”, Sarajevo, 2018, 622 str.

DOPRINOS ČASOPISA PRILOZI (INSTITUTA ZA HISTORIJU) BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKOJ HISTORIOGRAFIJI O OSMANSKOM PERIODU

Author(s): Nermina Bikić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2021

In this paper, the author presents the overview of articles corresponding to the Ottoman era of Bosnia-Herzegovina's history, published in the Institute of History's journal Contributions. Given that the main goal was to collect articles from the mentioned period, this paper contains an overview and brief references to the same, not a critical analysis. In order to clarify certain events or contexts, the author used other relevant works.

RECENZII

Author(s): Dumitru Vitcu,Gheorghe Cliveti,Andrei Mic,Laurenţiu Vlad,Cătălina Chelcu,Cătălina Mihalache,Alexandru D. Aioanei,Simion-Alexandru Gavriş,Andrei Cuşco,Mihaela Dragomir,Cătălin Botoşineanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 58/2021

Review of: MIRCEA CIUBOTARU, „Misterele” onomastice ale Iașilor, vol. I–II, București, Editura Dark Publishing, 2021, 438 p. + 358 p. MIRCEA-CRISTIAN GHENGHEA, Revista „Arhiva”. Bibliografie analitică precedată de un studiu monografic, Iași, Editura Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” (colecția Historica), 2020, 656 p. JOHN R. LAMPE, CONSTANTIN IORDACHI (eds.), Battling over the Balkans. Historiographical Questions and Controversies, Budapest/New York, CEU Press, 2020, 342 p. ANDREI POPESCU, Călătorind prin istorie, alături de strămoși. Povești cu țărani, preoți, învățători și meșteșugari din secolele XVIII–XX, București, PrintOneBook, 2020, 290 p. ALEXANDRU-FLORIN PLATON (ed.), Doi călători elvețieni și lumea românească la începuturile modernității (1808–1811): Léonard Revilliod și Charles René Pictet de Rochemont. Mărturii inedite, Iași, Editura Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, 2021, 392 p. RAMONA CARAMELEA, Clădiri școlare din România, 1864–1914: politică de construire și model spațial, Brăila, Editura Istros a Muzeului Brăilei „Carol I”, 2020, 347 p. + il. MANUEL GUȚAN, OANA RIZESCU, BOGDAN IANCU, COSMIN CERCEL, BOGDAN DIMA, Șefii de stat. Dinamica autoritară a puterii politice în istoria constituțională românească, București, Editura Univers Juridic, 2020, 496 p. VICTOR RIZESCU, Canonul și vocile uitate. Secvențe dintr-o tipologie a gândirii politice românești, ediția a doua, București, Editura Pro Universitaria, 2020, 374 p. IRINA MARIN, Peasant Violence and Antisemitism in Early Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe, Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2018, xvii + 304 p. RADU TUDORANCEA (coord.), O vecinătate dificilă. Relațiile româno-ruse/sovietice. 1914–1965, Târgoviște, Editura Cetatea de Scaun, 2021, 228 p. CLAUDIU-LUCIAN TOPOR, „Aufnach Rumänien!” Beligeranța germano-română (1916–1918), Iași, Editura Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” (colecția Historica), 2020, 400 p. SILVIU VĂCARU, Augustin Şandru. Scrisori de pe frontul din Siberia (1916–1920), Iaşi, Editura StudIS, 2018, 348 p. CĂTĂLINA MIHALACHE, NICOLETA ROMAN (ed.), Copilării trecute prin război. Povești de viață, politici sociale și reprezentări culturale în România anilor 1913–1923, Iași, Editura Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, 2020, 336 p. ȘTEFAN LUPU (coord.), Catolicii din Moldova şi Centenarul Unirii de la 1918. Lucrările simpozionului naţional „Catolicii din Moldova şi Centenarul Unirii de la 1918”, Iaşi, 21–23 martie 2018, Iași, Editura Sapientia, 2018, 210 p. VLAD MIHĂILĂ, Frumusețea în slujba națiunii. Primele concursuri „Miss România” (1929–1933), Iași, Editura Institutul European, 2021, 536 p. + 17 p. anexe fotografice. SILVIU VĂCARU, George Juvara – Constantin Turcu. Dialog epistolar (1934-–1980), introducere, note şi indice de Silviu Văcaru, Iaşi, Editura StudIS, 2020, 680 p. STEJĂREL OLARU, Nadia și Securitatea, București, Editura Epica Fiction & History, 2021, 414 p.

Ethnic Perceptions, Shaping of Identities and the Emerging of Statehood – the Case of Bulgar Tribes in 5th – 7th Century

Author(s): Todor Chobanov / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2022

The present article aims to carry an overview how the Bulgar/Protobulgarian tribes seemingly kept changing in the 5th – 7th c. or at least they did in the eyes of the contemporary writers and chroniclers. The text follows the main sources and comments on their information, comparing evidence and drawing conclusions. The first period reviewed is the one immediately after the collapse of Atilla’s state and then the 6th c., when Bulgar troops became well-known as enemies and mercenaries of the big empires of the time – Byzantium, the Steppe empire and Sassanian Iran. It is considered that the Bulgar own political organization kept developing, culminating in the establishment of Old Great Bulgaria. The text contain many references to well-known sources, but also to not so popular or even ones that have not been commented at all in the Bulgarian historical tradition as the poem by pre-Islamic poet Al-Asha. Cases like the “Bookolobras affair” from the late 6th c. have been reviewed and connected to early Bulgarian history. The general conclusion is that the Bulgar ethnonym had ethnic but also strong political dimension from its very first appearance until the founding of Danube Bulgaria and the changing political situation also brought significant ethnic changes, described by key scholars as “Second Bulgarian ethnogenesis”.

The Farm and Family of a Well-To-Do Peasant from the Province of Rumeli in the Early Seventeenth Century

Author(s): Stefka Parveva / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2022

The study aims to outline the main characteristics of the farm of a well-to-do peasant from the province of Rumeli in the early seventeenth century and to tell his family story. The first part of the study analyzes the inheritance inventory (tereke defter) of the properties of Tsono, son of Todor from the village of Dobroslavtsi in the kaza of Sofia, left to his heirs after his death. The microeconomics of the farm he created is reconstructed. Its potential for providing surpluses from agriculture and animal husbandry and for the formation of the property status of the family is analyzed. The second part of the study, based on information from documents (hüccets) registered in the kadı court records of Sofia from 1617, examines aspects of family history, focusing on the murder of the said peasant, organized by his wife and carried out by two of his countrymen. The criminal and spiritual aspects of the crime are analyzed, the ways and means that existed during the epoch for its avoidance are outlined.

Emigration of Russian Jews to Southern Dobruja at the Beginning of the 20th century

Author(s): Krzysztof Popek / Language(s): English Issue: 3-4/2022

At the beginning of the 20th century, the mass migrations of Jews from Russia were caused by anti-Semitic tensions and pogroms—most of them traveled to the USA and Great Britain, but some of them chose Bulgaria. From 1902 to 1904, 1,277 Jews moved from the Romanov Empire to Bulgaria with a plan to settle in Southern Dobruja; departures in this direction also occurred in the years to follow. Although the Bulgarian state policy towards the local Jewish minority was relatively tolerant, the attitude towards the Jews emigrating from abroad was vastly different and based on anti-Semitic motivations. The authorities in Sofia bent the law to prevent Jewish settlement in Dobruja, which was accompanied by protests from Russian diplomacy. This article is based on the original studies of the materials found in the State Archives in Varna, Bulgaria.

De la restructurarea URSS la independența RSSM (1985-1991)

Author(s): Sergiu Musteață / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4 (38)/2022

The transition of Moldavia from a Soviet Socialist Republic to an independent and democratic nation was a process that spanned (roughly) from 1985 to 1991. In this paper the author presents the relations between the reforms undertook by Mikhail Gorbachev (”Glasnost” and ”Perestroika”) and the emergence of a political opposition from within the Moldavian civil society against the Communist Party that ruled this peripheral Soviet Republic. More than this, the paper presents the relations between the main political opposer of the communists (gathered in different civil organizations) and the leadership of the Soviet Moldavia. The events that facilitated the dissolution of the Soviet Union are also mentioned and analyzed at a local and broader level, from the relation of Moldavia with the main Soviet Nations (Russia, Belarus, Ukraine), to the political and diplomatic bounds that are made during the year 1991 with Romania

Două planuri ruseşti ale ansamblului Episcopiei Buzăului

Author(s): Mihail Anatolii Ciobanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 68/2022

In the present study, we continue the analysis of urban plans discovered at the Military-Historical Archive in Moscow, more precisely two plans of the Bishopric of Buzău. In the campaigns of 1771 and 1809-1810, the Russian officers showed interest in the “monastery” where the bishopric was based, because its walls could easily be used for defense in the event of attacks from the Turks. In this text we analyze the two plans, the context of their realization, details and comparison with other sources.

„La Révolution de la Grèce n’est qu’accidentelle...”: o versiune inedită a relatării prinţului Gheorghe Cantacuzino despre acţiunea Eteriei în Principatele Române la 1821

Author(s): Alexandru-Florin Platon / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 68/2022

Membre de la haute noblesse moldave, descendant d’une illustre famille d’origine grecque, le Prince Georges Cantacuzène (1786-1845) a joué un rôle de premier ordre dans l’insurrection grecque de 1821, organisée et menée par l’Hétairie dans les Principautés Roumaines. La relation qu’il a laissée sur cet événement a été conservée jusqu’ici dans deux versions. La première, en allemand, publiée en 1824 à Halle et intitulée Denkschrift des Fürsten Georg Cantacuzeno, a été insérée dans une brochure (Briefe eines Augenzeugen des griechischen Revolution vom Jahre 1821. Nebst einer Denkschrift des Fürsten Georg Cantacuzeno über die Begebenheiten in der Moldau und Walachey in den Jahren 1820 und 1821. Mit Rigas Portrait) à coté de 33 lettres anonymes sur la révolution grecque. Cette version n’a jamais été republiée depuis. La deuxième version, datée 1828 et écrite en français, destinée au colonel russe Ivan Petrovici Liprandi, a été publiée en 1960 par l’historien roumain Andrei Oţetea dans un volume de documents concernant le mouvement insurrectionnel de Tudor Vladimirescu qui a eu lieu à la même année (1821) en Valachie, de connivence avec le soulèvement grec. La troisième version de cette relation (ou « journal », d’après l’intitulé que lui donne l’auteur) – celle que nous avons découvert et que nous publions ici – est inédite. Écrite aussi en français, elle a été conservée dans l’archive de Léonard Revilliod (1786-1867), un Suisse originaire de Genève, qui a passé plusieurs années à Odessa, en Russie, et qui, pendant ce long séjour de 25 ans, s’était vraisemblablement lié d’amitié avec le Prince Cantacuzène, dont la famille avait une propriété non loin de la même ville. Il s’agit d’une copie faite d’après l’original perdu, mais qui, par rapport aux autres relations, est plus exhaustive, avec maints détails concernant les préparatifs de l’insurrection, les circonstances de la nomination du Prince Alexandre Ipsilanti comme chef de l’Hétairie, la politique ambiguë de la Russie envers la révolte qui se préparait, la campagne militaire des Grecs en Moldavie et en Valachie (22 février / 6 mars – 17 / 22 juin 1821) et, finalement, le rôle que le Prince lui-même a joué dans ces événements. Georges Cantacuzène a écrit ce « journal » pour faire mieux ressortir ses mérites au cours de la campagne militaire, mais, surtout, pour se justifier d’avoir abandonné l’armée qu’il commandait avant la dernière bataille (celle de Scouleni, sur le Pruth) contre les Turcs – geste qui a été qualifié par la postérité comme trahison et lui a valu une sorte de « légende noire ». En plus de tous ces éléments, cette version inédite de la relation du Prince Georges Cantacuzène sur les événements de 1821 est au plus haut point intéressante parce qu’elle nous montre de plus près la réalité chaotique et souvent contradictoire d’un événement historique également important tant pour les Roumains, que pour les Grecs.

After Me/Ontopolitics: Post-Socialist Necroecologies in a Non-Philosophical Key

Author(s): Andrija N. Filipović / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2022

The complex relationality between inheritance of the socialist past, the socioeconomic transitional present characterised by extractivist capitalism, and a future marked by species extinction, produces post-socialist necroecologies. On one hand, relationally devastating resource extraction produces necroecological non-becoming through its meontopolitics; on the other hand, there are mass movements calling for the cessation of that extraction and for an ontopolitics of becoming other than those causing environmental destruction. This article concerns the non-philosophical reduction of the metaphysical presuppositions of these environmental material-semiotic practices in contemporary Serbia, showing that they are grounded in ontological pairs of non-becoming and becoming. To think about the post-socialist necroecological material-semiotic condition in a non-philosophical key means thinking about it neither relationally nor non-relationally, neither through non-becoming or becoming, but unilaterally, through heno-humaneity and beyond Western metaphysics.

How Do Leading Scholars from Central-Eastern Europe Assess the State of Their Region Post-1989?

Author(s): Dennis Smith / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2022

Historical Sociology in Poland: Transformations of the Uses of the Past

Author(s): Agnieszka Kolasa-Nowak,Marta Bucholc / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

The development of Polish institutional sociology since the 1920s reflects the combined effects of domestic political and cultural factors, along with international interdependencies. Historical sociology shares in the vicissitudes of the whole discipline.Although historical sociology was only weakly institutionalized before 1989, some of the best sociological studies produced in Poland under socialism display the keen use of historical imagination, inspired both by the pre-1939 domestic tradition and by Marxist theory. This article examines the path of historical sociology in Poland after 1989 and the connection between the sociological uses of history and the experience of post-communist transformation. We posit that the social transformation experience and how it was addressed by social science directly translate into the use of history in Polish sociology after 1989. We argue that the role of historical sociology in Poland since the end of the 1990s was a function of the potential of the past as a symbolic resource in the growing interdependence between Poland and Western Europe. However, the post-1989 research agendas of historical sociology were forged according to the mode of responsiveness to political agendas predating 1989. An overview of the development of Polish historical sociology demonstrates that the ahistorical transitological thinking after 1989 has been challenged by critical agendas in historical sociology, but it was, in the first place, a reaction to the increased potential of the past as a symbolic resource in political debates. Thus, the rationale for the passage to the third wave of historical sociology was primarily political.

Purim Gifts from Russian Neighbors: Prewar Identity Formation and Wartime Survival among Young Jews from Soviet Vitebsk

Author(s): Jeffrey Koerber / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

Life under Stalinism in the 1930s challenged Jews, particularly the young, with innumerable compromises to their religious and ethnic identity, yielding unexpected responses during World War II and the Holocaust. This article analyzes how Jewish youth raised in 1930s Vitebsk in the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic acquired firsthand knowledge of the language and customs of their Slavic neighbors, and how some of this cohort harnessed their experiences and understanding in their attempts to survive during the Holocaust. Bolshevik policies unique to Soviet Belarus affected its Jews in ways distinct from their counterparts elsewhere in the Soviet Union. Nationalities and religious policies as well as the Five-Year Plans and the Great Terror served as the context for this situation, shaping and distorting transmission of Jewish traditions along with changing the dynamics of the family and social relationships. Young Jews in Vitebsk learned Slavic languages and culture from their neighbors, in Soviet schools, and through other means. After the German invasion in 1941, the application of these skills and knowledge are a common thread through the survival narratives of young Holocaust survivors from Soviet Vitebsk.

Three Accounts—Two World Wars—One Town: Narratives of War and Genocide in Eastern Galicia

Author(s): Omer Bartov / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

This article argues for using personal accounts in reconstructing the inner lives of interethnic communities in Eastern Europe in times of crisis. Focusing on the Eastern Galician town of Buczacz as representative of numerous other such communities, it also suggests that the events of the Holocaust must be seen within the larger context of coexistence and violence since 1914. After briefly examining the relevant historiography, the article turns to a close analysis of the diary of a Polish headmaster, written in 1914–1922; the World War II diary of a Ukrainian gymnasium teacher, and recollections of the Holocaust by a Jewish radio technician, composed in 1947. All three men lived in Buczacz; all three wanted their accounts to be read by others, but they are only now being made available to the public by the author. Each provides a strikingly different perspective: that of a Polish nationalist educator whose sons were fighting to create an independent Poland; that of a Ukrainian activist who resented Polish rule and Jewish influence but felt ambivalent about wartime and genocide profiteering by fellow Ukrainians; and that of a young Jew who meticulously recorded both collaboration and rescue by his gentile neighbors and ended up fighting in a local Polish partisan unit. And yet, seen together, these personal narratives shed light on aspects of mass violence in that region largely missing from more general or nationally oriented histories.

Being “Local” in Eastern Slovakia: Belonging in a Multiethnic Periphery

Author(s): Hana Kubátová,Monika Vrzgulová / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

Focusing on coexistence in towns and villages of the former Šariš Zemplín County during World War II, our article exposes the shifting meanings assigned to belonging in what was a multiethnic borderland region and an economic periphery. Informed by works on community construction and meaning, we understand “locals” as being formed by diverse and at times conflicting social experiences that are nevertheless rooted in the same physical environment. We draw on late witness testimonies by Jewish survivors and Gentile neighbors to investigate the roles of public and private spaces in how a sense of community was revoked. Since the redrawing of boundaries was made into a public concern in the 1930s, the redefining of “locals” along ethnoreligious lines had a deep situational dimension, with local norms and experiences shaping the ousting of the Jews from what was historically a shared space. We conclude by discussing the theoretical and methodological implications of our research for writing integrated histories of the Holocaust, mindful of relationships between people, objects, but also places.

Late Bystander Testimonies in East Galicia: Between Memory, Identity, and Loyalties

Author(s): Anna Wylegała / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

This article examines the advantages and limits of late non-Jewish witness testimonies in Holocaust research. Grounding my conclusions in more than 150 biographical interviews conducted in small communities of contemporary Western Ukraine (historically Eastern Galicia) in 2017–2019, I dwell on the specificity of such sources and offer guidelines on how to work with them. As I show, late witness testimonies typically consist of multiple layers that can only be understood when analyzed within the wider life story of the interviewee, and when read against a deep knowledge of local history. When following these introduced guidelines, late non-Jewish witness interviews can be an extremely valuable source, especially for rural communities where no Jewish testimonies are available. This source allows us to further examine the complexity of identity and belonging, estrangement and intimacy, in ethnically mixed communities during World War II and immediately after, but also memories of the nonexisting world today

Are Your Hands Covered in Jewish Blood? Jewish Red Army Soldiers Encountering the Aftermath of the Holocaust in the Soviet Union

Author(s): Anna Shternshis / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

Soldiers and officers of the Red Army were among the first military personnel to encounter the destruction of the Ukrainian and Belarussian Jewish communities late in World War II. A significant proportion of the hundreds of thousands of Jews who served in the Red Army between 1943 and 1945 learned of the deaths of their own family members while they were in active duty. By examining the historical details and literary conventions of a small number of autobiographies and oral history interviews, the chapter discusses the range of reactions of these combatants to the destruction of their communities, from immediate retaliation to working with Soviet authorities to identify and convict collaborators. In addition, the chapter examines how a narrator’s current country of residence appears to influence the framing of his memoir.

„LIJEPI LI SU MOSTARSKI DUĆANI“ – O LINGVISTIČKOME KRAJOLIKU MOSTARA: TEORIJA I PRAKSA MOSTARSKE URBANONIMIJE

Author(s): Indira Šabić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2022

he article deals with the urbanonymy of the capital town in Herzegovina – Mostar, as one of the most important indicators of national and territorial identity. he accent is on the names of city facilities: restaurants, shops and similar buildings (empronyms),bridges (gephyronyms),street and square names (hodonyms and agronyms), temples, churches, monasteries and convents (ecclesionyms),which constitute the core of the ubranonymic terminology and the linguistic picture of Mostar. he paper analyzes the motivation and functions (identiication, commemorative and connotative functionof urbanonyms). he paper discusses the Mostar urbanonyms that have a speciic formation/structure or inappropriate semantics. he author raise the question of how urbanonyms relect the cultural, ethnic and religious preferences of the society.