ТРАГИ НА РУДАРСТВО ВО ВИНИЧКИОТ РЕГИОН

Author(s): Julijana Ivanova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 23/2024

A large number of archaeological sites registered in the Vinica’s region from the period of prehistory to the Middle Ages provide insights, based on serious evidence discovered so far, into the development of pottery, mining and metallurgy as economic branches that influenced the economic development of the settlements in the region. Some of them, in the early antique, Roman and late antique periods grew into developed craft, cultural and commercial centers, and with the acceptance of the Christian religion, into significant religious centers. Archeological research at several sites has confirmed the existence of the remains of metal slag, stone crushers and stone vessels for smelting ore. The various metal objects that are distinguished by high quality speak of mining – metallurgical activity, which was one of the main reasons for construction of some of the settlements. Of particular importance for the development of mining in the region is the locality known under the name of Rashka near the village of Peklani, where several gold-bearing mining galleries have been discovered which, based on the archaeological material, are dated to the Roman period. That gold-bearing material was exploited there was proven by chemical analysis of the material from inside the galleries, where, in addition to native gold, certain amounts of silver were also found. The large concentration of archaeological sites that are located in its immediate vicinity goes in favor of the conclusion of the development of the settlements that gravitate around this mining center.

Драгомир Бонџић, РУСКИ ЕМИГРАНТИ ПРОФЕСОРИ БЕОГРАДСКОГ УНИВЕРЗИТЕТА

Author(s): Ilija Kukobat / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2024

Review of: Драгомир Бонџић, РУСКИ ЕМИГРАНТИ ПРОФЕСОРИ БЕОГРАДСКОГ УНИВЕРЗИТЕТА, Београд, Архипелаг, Институт за савремену историју, 2023, 500.

Andrea Popa, Managementul integrat al patrimoniului mondial în România. Studiu de caz: Frontiera romană în Dacia. Siturile de epocă romană de la Brețcu, Comolău și Boroșneu Mare

Author(s): Sergiu Matveev / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2024

Review of: Andrea Popa, Managementul integrat al patrimoniului mondial în România. Studiu de caz: Frontiera romană în Dacia. Siturile de epocă romană de la Brețcu, Comolău și Boroșneu Mare. Sibiu: Astra Museum, 2023, 279 p. ISBN 978-606-733-361-9.

Biserica „Sfinții 40 de mucenici de la sevastia”, ctitorie și necropolă a dinastiei Vlahe a Asăneștilor, din Munții Haemus. Ideologie politică și tradiție ortodoxă

Author(s): Ginel Lazăr / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2024

The Asen Kingdom created after the Vlach-Bulgarian uprising in the Haemus Mons (after 26 October 1185) represents the first and only attempt of the eastern Roman world south of the Danube to get organized into a state of Wallachian (Romanian) origin, based on the political tradition of the First Bulgarian Empire. The rulers from the Asen dynasty of Wallachian (Romanian) origin, of which we mention here only Ioanitsa Kaloyan and Ivan Asen II, were called tsars according to the Bulgarian political tradition. The latter, having become a true Balkan sovereign after winning the Battle of Klokotnitsa on March 9, 1230, established imperial hegemony in the region. In honor of the victory in the Battle of Klokotnitsa, won over the Thessalonian emperor Theodore Komnenos, Ivan Asen II built on the banks of the Yantra river, outside the walls of the Tsarevets fortress, an imperial church dedicated to the Forty Martyrs of Sebaste. One of the most important monasteries in the capital of the Asen kingdom, Tarnovo, was formed around it. Today this church, which was used as a royal burial place, is a genuine monument of Bulgarian art and culture, preserving undeniable evidence of history. Like any centuries-old monument, this place of worship, now a museum, hides still unknown secrets of the past in its ancient premises.

Rudolf Windisch

Author(s): Rudolf Gräf / Language(s): German Issue: 3/2022

The author outlines the bio-bibliographical profile of Rudolf Windisch (b. 1940), German linguist, Romanist and Romanianist.

Annemrie Sorescu-Marinković, Mihai Dragnea, Thede Kahl, Blagovest Njagulov, Donlald L. Dyer, and Angelo Costnzo, eds. The Romance-Speaking Balkans: Language and Politics of Identity

Author(s): Ela Cosma / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

Review of: Annemrie Sorescu-Marinković, Mihai Dragnea, Thede Kahl, Blagovest Njagulov, Donlald L. Dyer, and Angelo Costnzo, eds. The Romance-Speaking Balkans: Language and Politics of Identity Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2021.

Dimitrie Cantemir and the Transylvanian School on the Ideological “Line” of Central Europe in the Modern Age

Author(s): Laura Stanciu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The present study attempts to highlight the originality of the Romanian Enlightenment in Transylvania, looking at the way in which the pre-Enlightenment ideas belonging to Dimitrie Cantemir, grounded in the ideological structure of pre-Romanticism in Central Europe, germinated into the discourse of the members of the Transylvanian School. On the one hand, the author of the study investigates, for each member of the Transylvanian School (Gherontie Cotore, Samuil Micu, Gheorghe Șincai, Petru Maior, Ioan Budai-Deleanu), the takeovers from Cantemir’s work, and, on the other hand, their civic, militant, pragmatic interpretation appropriate to the political priorities in Transylvania.

The Students and the Single Party: Ideological and Repressive Dimensions in 1954–1955 Romania

Author(s): Gabriel Moisa / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2023

The establishment of the communist regime in Romania under Soviet influence, but also with obvious internal complicities, made possible the existence of situations improbable today. Democratic freedoms were completely suppressed, so any deviation from the strict canons of the time led to extremely complicated situations for those involved. The case discussed in the present paper, in which a significant number of students had to suffer as a result of their relationship with a foreign citizen, was repeated on countless occasions throughout the country for decades in a row during the years of communism. The consequences were extremely harsh and with lasting negative effects for those under the surveillance of the Securitate, as was the case of the group of students at Ion Luca Caragiale Institute of Theatrical Arts and Cinematography in Bucharest in 1955. Even though two years had passed since Stalin’s death, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej’s desire for unbridled power provided the opportunity for very harsh measures against anyone who was not “in accordance” with his regime. Witch hunts and wild-goose chases were the order of the day and seriously vitiated the entire Romanian society.

Between Dynastic Loyalty and the Nationalism of the “People of the Masters”: Avram Iancu and the “Invisible War” of Decorations

Author(s): Attila Varga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This study presents a very important and sensitive part of the life and activity of the Romanian national hero Avram Iancu, after the end of the Revolution of 1848–1849. Given their achievements during the revolutionary battles, he and his comrades-in-arms should have been decorated and rewarded accordingly. Despite the testimonies and recommendations of important personalities of his time, Avram Iancu did not receive the recognition and the distinctions due from the Emperor Franz Joseph I. Moreover, he and his comrades-in-arms were humiliated, falling victim to the intrigues of the Transylvanian Saxon elites in the high political spheres of Vienna. This analysis shows how the heroes of the Romanian nation from Transylvania of the first half of the 19th century, caught between dynastic loyalty, the intrigues of the Transylvanian Saxons and the nationalism of the “master people” of Austria, suffered disappointments and thus ended a difficult chapter of their modern history. It was a time of struggle for political and national rights.

Ana Grama and Ion Lacãtusu - Românii din Arcul Intracarpatic si institutiile lor identitare (sec. XVII–XX) (The Romanians in the Intra-Carpathian Arc and their identity institutions, 17th– 20th centuries)

Author(s): Tatiana Scurtu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Review of: Ana Grama and Ion Lacãtusu - Românii din Arcul Intracarpatic si institutiile lor identitare (sec. XVII–XX) (The Romanians in the Intra-Carpathian Arc and their identity institutions, 17th– 20th centuries) Edited and foreword by Taiana Scuru Sfântu Gheorghe: Eurocarpatica, 2023.

Интелигенцията и комунистическият режим в България в началото на 60-те години

Author(s): Evgenia Kalinova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2012

The 1960s were a decade of contradictions. Western countries followed the new American doctrine of “building bridges” with the Soviet bloc, which stimulated cultural exchanges, but also provoked suspicions about “ideological diversion” among the Communist leadership. The decade was also marked by a strong drive by East European countries towards economic liberalization, which led to a liberalization of the political regimes. In these circumstances, growing demands for creative freedom came from the intelligentsia. The defensive response of the BCP was directly infl uenced from Moscow. Nevertheless, Todor Zhivkov’s policy in the cultural sphere had its own specifi c aspects. It could be described as a mixed approach of “carrots and sticks” – it aimed at seducing the artists, but turned to repression if their actions exceeded the limits set by the Party.

Тријажа имиграната на Златним вратима Обећане земље: острво Елис

Author(s): Mariana Prošić-Dvornić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2024

Between 1892 and 1954, a center for the reception and processing of immigrants, who, especially until the First World War, arrived in large numbers to the USA, was established, under the auspices of the Federal Government. It was located on the tiny Ellis Island, in New York Harbor, where the Hudson and East Rivers meet the Atlantic Ocean, in the immediate vicinity of the Statue of Liberty. Immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe dominated, hoping for a better life than the one they had left behind in their homelands. They were poor, anguished, exhausted and often exiled people of various nationalities, who had additionally suffered inhumane conditions as steerage passengers during the ocean crossing since they could not afford better accommodation. The triage process they were subjected to, crucial for their fate, told through the history of the center and of immigrants, but also of employees, reflected the state of American society in that period: conflicting views on immigration expressed through debates by politicians, experts and members of the academic community, opinions of business circles and the emerging labor unions, writings of the free press and the public opinion, greatly manipulated by groups interested in their own welfare, the passing of legal regulations and their implementation. All this determined the future of the newcomers: would they pass through the Golden Gate to the Promised Land, or would they be deported from the Isle of Tears back to their country of origin? Who was considered eligible to be accepted to the American society, and who was deemed undesirable and even dangerous and therefore rejected? From the immigrants’ point of view, the overseas trip to America and the stay on Ellis Island represented a liminal phase of this crucial rite of passage in their lives, and it is estimated that over 25% and even up to 40% of today’s Americans are the descended of the twelve million settlers who passed through the center during that period.

Moșiile Mănăstirii Neamțului din Braniștea Bohotinului (secolele XV-XVIII). Documente inedite

Author(s): Costin Clit / Language(s): Romanian Issue: L/2021

The princely branch of Bohotin, documented from the 15th century, is mainly the space where the rulers of Moldova grant gifts and mercies to Orthodox monasteries or trusted people. In the present study we capture synthetically and documentary the evolution of the estates of Neamț monastery for the duration of four centuries (XV-XVIII), using the documentary testimonies published over time, especially those in the academic space, but also numerous original documents preserved in The National Archives - royal orders, testimonies, written in Cyrillic script, which we publish for the benefit of researchers.

95 години от създаването на „дом на благотворителността и народното здраве „Димитър Петров Кудоглу“ и 160 години от рождението на дарителя Димитър Кудоглу

Author(s): Petya Boncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

This article deals with part of the history, organization and activities of the “House of Charity and Public Health “Dimitar Petrov Kudoglu” in the town of Plovdiv. It presents brief biographical data and facts related to its donor Dimitar Petrov Kudoglu.

„Catastiful” Mitropolitului Nichifor din martie 1740

Author(s): Costin Clit / Language(s): Romanian Issue: LII/2023

Church historians establish for the Phanariot century the Church of Moldavia as „the only institution in which the Greek element could not penetrate” and the occupation of the metropolitan seat of Iasi by a single Greek hierarch, „imposed, under exceptional circumstances, by the Phanariot lord of that time”, to which is added a Greek bishop to Roman. From Metropolitan Nichifor, originating in the Peloponnese (Moreea), perhaps born in Nauplia, a „catastif”/ inventory from March 1740 is preserved, which includes much of the wealth of the Metropolitan Church of Iasi: villages, houses, dugouts, cellars, places of houses, vineyards and gypsies. Metropolitan Nichifor distinguished himself by increasing the wealth of the Metropolia, supporting the printing press and schools, continuing the works at the assembly of the metropolitan cathedral.

Иновации и трансформации в антропонимията на едно село от края на XIX и началото на XX век

Author(s): Stoyan Antonov / Language(s): Bosnian,English Issue: 2/2024

Through examples extracted from population registers of a village, the paper illustrates some aspects of change in the Bulgarian naming system at the turn of the 20th century. The main results refer to twotrends of modernization of anthroponymy: introduction of names belonging to members of the Bulgarian rulinghouse, and replacement of the original form of the name in the process of “renewal” in subsequent generations.These innovations were reflected in changes of the traditional rhythm of naming, and were most likely provoked by the introduction of population registration and the need for written forms of specific folk names.

Концепции за разрешаване на българския бежански въпрос в контекста на създаването, промените и допълненията на Закона за заселване на бежанците и обезпечаване на поминъка им (1920–1928 г.)

Author(s): Boris Boev / Language(s): Bosnian,English Issue: 2/2024

The main goal of the present study is to reveal the leading concepts for solving the Bulgarian refugee issue in the context of the creation, amendments and additions to the Law on the Settlement of Refugees and Ensuring Their Livelihood (1920–1928). The main documentary base of the research is the Shorthand Diaries of the National Assembly.

Официални празници – реализации и трансформации. Из архивите на едно селско читалище

Author(s): Maria Kissikova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The establishment of a calendar of public holidays within nation-states gives expression to the national ideal, to the "values, merits and achievements" important for the affirmation of national identity. Looking at the normative and institutional order, draws attention to the framework set by the state and its supposed best possible realization. If we turn our attention to places and regions and look for records of the process, we can see how public holidays are celebrated and how national ideas reach people and communities. This study proposes a look at the archival documents of a village community center (focusing on the period from the 1930s to the 1980s) in an attempt to show how a local cultural and educational institution, charged with the duty of establishing and organizing the village holiday calendar, accomplished this task. In this way, local 'resistances' can be seen and our understanding of what actually happened in the official holiday calendar can be deepened.

енен принос към съвременната църковна и политическа история на България. Десислава Георгиева. Неврокопска епархия и Неврокопски митрополит Борис (1935–1948 г.) според архивните документи. Благоевград: Университетско издателство „Неофит Рилски"

Author(s): Kristina Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

Музеят в хипермодерните времена: основни тенденции в пиар комуникацията

Author(s): Hristina Hristova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The main tendencies and priorities in the strategical and communication management of the museums in the hypermodern times are being examined in the text. In the dynamic context of the epoch, significant changes in the public life related to the triumph of the digital technologies and the transformations in the communications and the marketing are being observed. In the large-scale processes, which comprise the separate industries and draw new perspectives in the development of the organizations from different social fields, the museum as a type of a cultural institution with a rich history, is transformed into an open territory for the new tendencies and successfully implements the tools of the digital PR whose identity is being formed and manifested in the times of the hypermodernity, which came into existence in the last quarter of the ХХ century. In the conditions of increasing competition and the growing interest towards technological innovations, the museums in a worldwide scale, apply new approaches in the communication with their diverse audience and constantly widen their integrative potential. The study is based on the theoretical formulation of the French philosopher and sociologist Gilles Lipovetsky about the hypermodern and hyperconsumerist society.