Język w nauce (w perspektywie filozoficzno-lingwistycznej)
The core of scientific research procedure is the intention to develop a theory. The structure of a complete theory involves three levels: philosophical (a set of a priori ontological and axiological assumptions), theoretical/methodological (most general statements and abstract concepts, conceptualizing, structuring and interpreting the fragment of the world the theory refers to) and empirical (empirical statements and concepts involving certain declarations concerning the studied objects). The philosophical foundations of contemporary theories in the humanities should involve the reinterpretation of relationships between the material world, mind and language with the use of expressions such as “subjective” and “linguistic”, and acknowledge the multiplicity of ways in which the reality may exist (objective: THIS and THESE and subjective: ME and US). As a result, the complete theory of language must assume that language does not only express what is on someone’s mind and communicates it to others, but it also shapes human thinking and affects the objective reality. Language in science is determined by the socio-cultural context (tradition) and the communication context, but it is also affected by individual, subjective stylistic sense.
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