Век и по од оснивања Више женске школе у Београду
To mark the 150th anniversary of the founding of the first girls' high school in Belgrade, at Pedagogical Museum Ljiljana Stankov presented a book about Katarina Milovuk
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To mark the 150th anniversary of the founding of the first girls' high school in Belgrade, at Pedagogical Museum Ljiljana Stankov presented a book about Katarina Milovuk
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In this article, the content of the term “Âdat al-Qur’ân” (Customs of the Qur’ân) and its function in the tradition of Qur’anic commentary will be discussed. Âdat el-Qur’ân is a matter related to the poetry and style of the Qur’an. In the classical period, many commentators such as Fahruddin ar-Razi (d. 606/1210) conceptualized this aspect of the language of the Qur’ân as “Âdat al-Qur’ân”. Recently, Ibn Ashur (d. 1973) dedicated an entire chapter to this issue in the introduction of his Qur’anic commentary titled at-Tahrir wa at-Tanwir. The intermitted narration of many different subjects, especially tawhid (unity of the God), nubuwwat (prophethood) and mead (afterlife), which are considered under the title of Âdat al-Qur’ân, are examined within the context of “tenâsub al-ây ve’s-suvar” (proportion in the verses and the chapters of the Qur’ân) in the Ulûm al-Qur’ân (Qur’anic sciences) literature. The phrase Âdât al-Qur’ân refers to the forms of expression, style and narration which are built-in and stereotyped in the language and syntax of the Qur’ân and hence standardized with the characters of a custom. However, the use of the term “custom” in the general characterization of the Qur’ân’s established expression and narrative style is a reflection of science of kalam terminology. Having a grasp of the issues within the scope of Âdat al-Qur’ân involves an important scientific advantage for a better understanding of the language and concepts of the Qur’an as well as its expression, style and narrration.
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After presenting the results of the previous researches on the topic, the author concludes that the most frequent Ruthenian surnames are Nađ, Kiš, Pap, Hardi, etc. in Ruski Krstur and Hromiš, Hornjak, Ruskovski, Fejsa etc. in Kucura. The Ruthenians living in Ruski Krstur recognise each other not only by surnames but also by cognomens, such as Andriško, Bandurik, Džambas, Jeva, Makajička, Nađmiška, Poštarov and Jonov for surname Nađ. There are approximately 600 Ruthenian surnames in Serbia. More than 40 % of them are of Hungarian origin. The oldest Hungarian surnames/cognomens in the Ruthenian language emerged from the direct contacts of Slavs and Hungarians. Most of them originate from the times before Ruthenian settlement in Bačka in the mid 18th century.
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Review of: Pejčić, Jovan (2012), Poetika književnog razgovora; Beograd: Službeni glasnik.
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The novelty of the study is that it analyzes for the first time the author’s paroemia So much for a constitution, grandmother!,which has not previously attracted attention of researchers. In the course of working with the sources from the early XX century, only one case of using this paroemia in the rubric “Modern Proverbs” of the social and political satirical magazine Zarnitsy (Summer Lightnings) was revealed. The author of the article developed and applied a special technique for the analysis of historically distanced author’s paroemias of the Russian language, which includes the methods of component, contextual, logical and semiotic analysis, as well as the analysis of vocabulary definitions. The following study results were obtained: 1) it was revealed that a proverb So much for St. George’s Day, grandmother! (an expression of one’s unpleasant surprise or disappointment) was used as a paroemia transformation source; 2) by revealing the similarity between the structural models of the source paroemia and the derivative author’s paroemia and establishing that they both belong to the same higher logical and semiotic invariant I (2) and logical and thematic group“Aspirations ‒ reality”, it was proved that the system prototype of the author’s paroemia could be recognized in it; 3) it was determined that passing into effect the Code of Fundamental Laws, which were to serve as a constitution, on April23, 1906, caused the formation of a new proverb; 4) the judgment contained in the author’s paroemia was formulated in the following way: “an expression of a disappointment when people’s hopes for the Code of Fundamental Laws of April 23, 1906, did not come true”; 5) the type of the analyzed author’s paroemia was defi ned as a proverbial expression or conventional saying. The fi nal part of the article outlines the prospects for further research.
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Notion of retranslation and factors that stimulate it are viewed in the article. The major factors include the evolution of translation norms, which contributes to the accumulation of traditions in literature, culture and translational experience,competitiveness of translators, and a conformity factor. Together with the established factors, the connection betweenthe aspiration of translators to avoid reduplications and plagiarism and the tendency to change the translation strategy from domesticating to foreignizing is indicated. The controversial Retranslation Hypothesis of a French translator Antoine Berman is positively visualized through the material of a comparative and contrastive analysis of onyms reconstruction in translations. The results of the comparison of English toponyms and anthroponyms and their Russian equivalents, presented in different translations, are given. It is shown that foreign cultural markers are transformed in one of the earliest translations in accordance with the “domestic” literary canons, while in the later translation there isa dualism of translation strategies, and the translation created within the context of the changed socio-cultural conditions,as compared to its predecessors, is more focused on the spirit and culture of the original and the preservation of the true color of the epic novel by J. R. R. Tolkien. The results of the study suggest that the evolution of the translatological reception of the original takes place in the context of a shift in the translation strategy from domestication to foreignization and contributes to the enrichment of cultural, historical and translational traditions.
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This paper presents the results of the field research conducted on the island of Šolta. It offers the etymology survey of the toponymy of Stomȏrska, never argued, nor thoroughly described before. The obtained results have been compared to the cadastral data and analyzed, using the descriptive method. The paper presents the brief overview of the basic features of Stomȏrska speech in conformity with several criteria, including the underlying languages criterion, along with the structural and semantic classification of toponyms. The paper offers inventory and etymology of the collected toponyms, including the toponyms in Stomȏrska and the surrounding area. The toponyms of Stomȏrska (like Klanac, Konopjica, Koška) are mostly of Slavic origin. The Roman toponyms are lower in number. The paper distinguishes here the toponyms dated in pre-Slavic and Dalmatian-Romance period (like Boč, Brke, Dešenja), and more recent Venetian and Italian ones (such as Bimbino, Điga, Fabrica). Given the fact that the Croats on Šolta have been farmers and stockbreeders since ancient times, the toponyms in hinterland are mostly of Slavic origin, while the toponyms on the coast are mostly of Roman origin. The toponyms of the combined Slavic-Romance origin, being the result of linguistic symbiosis of the two demos (like Bartulov Mul, Dolac Kod Boćate, Koludrov Dolac) are listed in the separate group.
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The aim of the article is to present the names of the valuables in testaments of the Russian great and appanage princes of the 14th-16th century. Special attention has been paid to clothing terminology (names of textiles, colours and dyes, individual garments, clothing details). Lexicographical and etymological data, as well as a semantic classification of dress and clothing detail names are provided. According to Jean Baudrillard, far from the primary status of an object being a pragmatic one, it is the sign exchange value which is fundamental. Thereupon, the attempt to present the social meaning and the unconscious discourse of the valuables mentioned in the testaments of the Rurik dynasty members is also made in this article.
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The reorganization of the initial system of aspect paradigms in Old Russian is investigated within the framework of the theory of natural grammar. It is claimed, in accordance with this theory, that the grammatical changes in morphological systems of natural languages are determined by a limited set of typologically relevant markedness principles (naturalness principles or preference laws). These principles explain the attested diachrony of grammatical changes in the system of aspectual paradigms of the Russian verb and predict the general direction in its development. During the historical development of the system of aspectual paradigms in Russian, optimal iconic perfectivizing paradigms are ousting non-optimal countericonic imperfectivizing paradigms as well as non-optimal non-iconic aspectual syncretic paradigms. In contemporary Russian, aspectual paradigms of perfectivization are preferable in terms of competitive aspectual paradigms of imperfectivization and syncretic aspectual paradigms. The share of optimal paradigms of perfectivization is constantly increasing in modern Russian. Consequently, there is direct evidence for the development of the system of Russian aspect paradigms towards optimal organization of aspect paradigms, i.e. towards economy.
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The paper is devoted to insects in Polish and Russian linguistic views of the world. The figurative meanings, derivational potential and semantic connotations of insects' names, as well as idioms have been analysed to reveal the position of these animals in the language awareness of Poles and Russians.
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The article is dedicated to a new network genre — the someecard as a component of the Polish-speaking and Russian-speaking mimetic Internet discourse. The main task of the research is to reveal the principal features of someecards as an Internet genre. For this purpose, we address a number of issues related to the appearance of this genre and its place among other hybrid genres. The functions of a someecard are set— genre-forming features, features of themes, manifestations of genre creativity and the availability of genre links.
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The phenomen of “fake news” disseminated by the mass media is a relatively new phenomenon, the impact of which has not been extensively studied. The article is devoted to the problem of fake in contemporary mass media, which is understood not only as a modern type of lie, but also a fabricated information designed to manipulate public opinion and creating specific form of an image of the world in the human consciousness.
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The paper addresses B. Norman's humorous etymological Russian dictionary. By reanalyzing the morphological structure of Russian words, Norman provides them with knowingly false, amusing interpretations. The paper proposes to investigate the word-formation aspects of Norman's re-analyzed lexis. It mostly represents an attempt to “build” the false etymological entities into the system of all existing word-formation techniques of the Russian language. Specific features of amusing para-etymology are also identified.
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The article discusses transformations of the proverb na złodzieju czapka go¬re / на воре [и] шапка горит in Polish and Russian-language online media (lexical changes, additions, grammatical modifications, contaminations).
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Color lexis constitutes a complex semantic network of meanings, which sometimes makes it difficult to determine the characteristic feature of a given color name. This article analyzes the semantic ambiguity of color lexis in the Polish and Russian languages. Color ambiguity, as shown by the analysis, is related to the specificity of the color pattern, the lack of stability of the color pattern or its multicolour quality.
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Compound words are known in the Russian language since the first written texts of different genre and stylistic characteristics. The formation of composites was carried out in two productive ways: by the non-morphological semantic method of fusion and by morphological addition. Within both methods (in literary texts) the calques of Greek composites and the development of East Slavic word formations in their sample are also noted. Both methods were interrelated, and an interaction of derivatives occurred in their sphere.
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In the article the author analyses Russian and Polish phrasemes that represent the conceptual field ”Memory” in both linguacultural spaces. In order to do this he relies on the postulates of Ryszard Tokarski's theory of semantic connotation being the theory of the secondary semantic field, which constitutes the optional layer of the lexical meaning of a linguistic sign.On the basis of the conducted analysis of the selected phraseological data it can be concluded that the Polish and Russian commonsense attitude to the semantic interpretation of memory is similar. Additional connotative senses can be determined in this case, which are of an evaluative, emotional and stylistic nature.
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Mikhail Zoshchenko creates specific configurations of word and stylistic constructions using foreign-language parentheses in form of separate lexems, expressions and syntactic structures inserted into passages of a protagonist's speech. The phenomenon of compilation of Russian and foreign-language forms [or quasi-foreign — taking into consideration the significant number of distortions] can be illustrated by the short story ‘История с переодеванием'. The interlocutors in the text, who in fact cannot speak any foreign language, pretend to use ‘foreign' words and expressions, involving themselves in a specific verbal game. Their dialogue consists of collocations carried to absurdity, for example: ‘...их бин ейне шамбер-циммер Испания. Компрене? Испания. Падеспань'; ‘Ву зет Германия, одер, может быть, что-нибудь другое?'. Such words and foreign illogical collocations appear to be a unique stylistic device in Zoshchenko's texts. Their specific features are determined by foreign lexical units usually belonging to several languages. Most frequent are syntactic structures containing Germanisms and Gallicisms. What is more, in Zoshchenko's texts the foreign parenthetic words and expressions are used exclusively in Russian graphics, which leads to certain changes and modifications of their semantic and phonetic structures according to the model of the Russian language. Transliteration does not reflect the adequate articulation of foreign words and, consequently, results in grotesque effects.
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The text is dedicated to Professor Jerzy Kaliszan, an outstanding Polish researcher of homonymy in the Russian language, the author of significant monographs and the first Polish dictionary of Russian homographs. The article is a review of Polish academic literature on Russian homonymy including both intra- and interlinguistic aspects (relations between Polish and Russian). In the first part, the author outlines the most important theoretical and lexicographical studies of Polish scholars. The second part is devoted to a description of Jerzy Kaliszan's achievements in the field of lexical and word-formation homonymy, including lexemes' homography.
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This study explores the honing of children’s emerging literacy skills through the use of food that is inspired by children’s books. Besides digital and printed books, edible texts have the potential to aid language acquisition and literary appreciation. When edible materials and children’s books are synthesised into a new form to facilitate edible readings, the combination may inspire more families to engage in everyday literacy activities with their children. Using historical examples of edible reading that support emergent literacy, this work investigates how children have fed on edible materialities that appeal to their senses on multiple levels. As well as traditional methods, this study looks at innovative methods of food printing and production such as 2D and 3D printing technologies and how these may be integrated into edible texts through prototypes presented by the author.
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