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Cross-curricular links in the process of teaching English as a foreign language to young learners are discussed in the article. Some useful techniques, strategies and activities for developing key competencies for lifelong learning are listed.
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Scholars who study the mages of China produced in Western travel writing throughout history, have noticed that their ‘nature’ is cyclical. Individual variability aside, there are powerful cultural and economic factors that influence Western writers and stimulate them to produce images which – sometimes unbeknownst to the writers themselves – follow an imagological pattern, characteristic of the particular historical period. It is not coincidental that the Western imagological tradition – as it relates to China – is sometimes divided into separate periods, according to the general Western disposition towards the Middle Kingdom – the period of reverence, the period of contempt, the period of benevolence etc. The present paper explores and provides examples of this cyclicity.
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This article deals with many crucial aspects of globalisation related to language as basic means of communication. The changes of the international status of some languages, historically and currently, serve as evidence that people have always strived for a common language that would facilitate economic, political, scientific, cultural and everyday communication outside a specific language area. There are various factors which come into play for a certain language to take a leading role in communication for wider regions, as well as for the current world “language”order where English has become the language for international dealings. Standard Chinese, Pǔtōnghuà, is steadily becoming the dominant means of communication in Asia and other areas. Knowledge of communication situations through universal and specific cultural matrices, encoded in language, is becoming a necessity and a prerequisite for successful business relations.
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The focus of this article is on the peculiar space that S.T. Coleridge constructs for his own genius in Chapter II and Chapter IX of Biographia Literaria. Specific attention is devoted to some rhetorical ploys that Coleridge uses to accommodate his own figure among paragons like William Shakespeare and William Wordsworth. The text then explores Coleridge’s attachment to and detachment from the figures of Friedrich Schelling and Jacob Böhme. In the conclusion, a statement is made on the intermundium between enthusiasm and metaphysical reasoning in which Coleridge’s genius is located.
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The terms and conditions for using social platforms and the Internet grow more complex as governments struggle to provide instruments that avoid employing censorship techniques to revoke free speech, but at the same time provide online users with a safe environment and shelter from experiencing abuse or aggressive behavior. This ethical dilemma has apparently split Europe into two contradicting schools of thought. In July 2017 a search to identify relevant publications on the topic of online moral disagreement was conducted on the “Communication and Mass Media Complete” electronic database. The objective of the search was to find articles related to the topic, published in English between 2015 and 2018 with access to the full text. This systematic literature review is the final product of the materials found.
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The paper analyses the manipulative potential of one insufficiently-explored sentence part in Bulgarian syntax – the appositive, and also the appositive phrases, which are composed of a complement (object or subject complement) and the noun it describes. The paper also stresses the appositive word groups (constructions) that follow the ‘common noun+common noun’ model. The fact that word order in this type of appositive word groups has a role in changing the intention of communication and in creating – deliberately or not – fake news in media discourse is well supported and richly illustrated.
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This article investigates the forms that contemporary travel writing may assume, especially those shaped by a more critical outlook and an ethical stance towards alterity. The investigation is based on the following selection of contemporary travelogues on America, written by French theorists and Greek intellectuals: America by Jean Baudrillard (1988), American Vertigo: Travelling America in the Footsteps of Tocqueville by Henri- Bernard Lévy (2006), A Villager in New York by Yannis Kiourtsakis (2009) and Manhattan-Bangkok by George Veis (2011). The themes under scrutiny are space, identity and alterity. The article is primarily concerned with the imperialist perspectives that can be detected in the genre as well as with the subsequent management of European stereotypes about “Americanness” and the current “Americanization” of the planet. Particular emphasis is laid on the critical response to globalization through the elaboration of political, philosophical, but also aesthetic concerns in the travelogues under discussion. Finally, the writing modes in these travelogues are examined as a means of building self-reflexive and unstable narrative identities – defined here as “posttravellers.” The latter are located in an attempt to go beyond postmodern attitudes, embracing a more ethically concerned critical thinking about Self, space and an interactively defined Other.
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The article takes on a direction which has great potential for further studies of contemporary Irish poetry: studying the work of Irish poets through their relation to Russian literature. It focuses on the reception and reimagining of Russian poetry in the work of Desmond O’Grady, one of the leading figures in Irish poetry, who started writing in mid-1950s. The article studies three poems by O’Grady which are ad¬dressed to his Russian counterparts: “Missing Andrei Voznesensky,” “Joseph Brodsky Visits Kinsale,” and “My City,” a translation from Anna Akhmatova’s “Poem without a Hero.” None of these poems has yet been subject of thorough critical analysis. Each of the poems has become a signpost on O’Grady’s poetic map and an important element of his own “private mythology.” When analysed in the wider context of Irish poetry, they help form a clearer picture of the influence Russian literature has had on contemporary Irish poets.
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The article analyzes the artistic features of the best film adaptations of several works by Ivan Vazov – the novel Under the Yoke and the novellas Characters and Outcasts. It also examines the dialogue between the literary original and the scripts, the cinematic means of expression and the literary techniques. The paper also discusses the director’s concepts and acting achievements in the respective film adaptations.
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The present research is aiming at the investigation of the distributional, syntactic and paradimatic features of Old Russian (OR) discourse clitics. Clitics constitute a special class in OR, as despite the relative free word order, their position is fixed in the clause. From the three types of OR enclitics (discourse, pronominal and auxiliary) the least attention has been paid to discourse clitics. An investigation of their frequency, distributional properties and role in the information structure of OR clauses by corpus linguistic methods could provide new perspectives for the research of OR word order as well.
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Eponyms play an important role in the terminology system of every language. In the sphere of medicine, they emerged for the first time in the 16th–17th century. Clinical eponyms came into view a little later, in 19th century, but their number is permanently increasing. The present research focuses on Bulgarian eponyms derived from a toponym in the field of medicine and the knowledge domain connected with it. In order to classify these eponyms, they are divided into several major groups in accordance with the basic toponym for their coining, the thematic category for their sphere of usage, and the principles of their formation. Eponyms are still an interesting linguistic area for scholarly investigation due to their universal use as terms. That is why discussions about their formation and classification are of great importance.
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The article explores the relation of Gerald Durrell’s 1979 short story “The Entrance”, published in a collection titled “The Picnic and Suchlike Pandemonium”, to the concept of the uncanny, as it appears in Sigmund Freud’s work “The Uncanny” (1919). I first discuss Freud’s account of the concept, highlighting the main points in his theory, and then I subject certain points of the narrative in “The Entrance” to an analysis in an attempt to show that the story provides numerous illustrations of the Freudian concept of the uncanny.
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This article explores some of the aspects of the ‘women-as-witches’ stereotype in the literary works of J. K. Rowling and Terry Pratchett, while focusing on both the subversion of the stereotype and its reinforcement. The focus of my work is on the depiction of this type of gender profiling in a fantastic setting and imagined societies, while drawing a parallel with the real world. I first focus on a brief outline of the historical and cultural significance of the stereotype, followed by a discussion of its literary aspects in J. K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” series and Terry Pratchett’s “Wyrd Sisters” novel.
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In the current educational situation, the development of intercultural communicative competences in English language is of key importance. Motivation to master English is a condition for the successful development of young people at home and abroad. Students have difficulties in learning a foreign language, and they experience hesitant motivation and resistance in their learning efforts in English classes. This scholarly article aims to present a research, interactive methods and approaches that will serve to motivate students in junior high school.
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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a great systematic project and the implementation of BRI has brought broader development prospects for the countries (regions) along the route. Language support is the guarantee for the realization of BRI. According to statistics, the countries along the Belt and Road are rich in language resources with a wide range of languages in nine major language families. Through a brief description of the language policies in the BRI countries and an analysis of the language education development, this paper summarizes the current challenges facing language education and offers constructive suggestions on how to address the language issues under the BRI framework.
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Learning motivation provides a long-lasting driving force for students to make continuous efforts in the process of language learning. Earlier literature related to Chinese learning motivation shows the imbalance of research in which the Eastern European country Bulgaria has been rarely involved. This article further expands the data sample on the basis of previous research and performs a more in-depth and comprehensive study on Chinese language learning motivation of Bulgarian students. The results demonstrate that the Chinese learning motivation of Bulgarian students is relatively strong in general. There are five motivation types: learning situation motivation, integrative motivation, instrumental motivation, achievement-oriented motivation, and external-pressure motivation. Individual factors include gender, age and different learning phases (pre-learning and post-learning). Several suggestions for enhancing the students’ Chinese learning motivation are put forward for the reference of Chinese teachers in order to obtain better teaching results
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This paper examines the country- and language-specific perception of Bulgarian lexical terms related to being sly/cunning. The experimental method of the study is based on semantic analysis and survey. The analyzed phrases and words show that the Bulgarian lexical terms related to being sly/cunning have mainly positive connotations in the Bulgarians’ perception and mentality.
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