Оказионалното словотворчество в произведенията на Стоян Михайловски (букви н – я)

Author(s): Teodora G. Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

As a bright marker of the author’s idiolect, the оccasionalisms in the rhythmic and narrative works of Stoyan Mihaylovski are original and colourful verbal representations of the author’s insights, emotions and sociopolitical assessments. In the present study 32 hapax legomena and rare words have been lemmatized and analyzed in alphabetical order – from letter N to letter Yа. They have been excerpted from several Stoyan Mihaylovski’s works. Тhese lexemes have been compared with more than 40 Old Bulgarian, Middle Bulgarian and Modern Bulgarian and Russian texts (originated in the XI–XX century) to highlight their originality. Criteria for this analysis are: morphemic structure, denotative and connotative semantics, word formative ways, stylistic scope of use, their synonym corelats and the diffusion of occasionalisms in the Modern Bulgarian language.

Терминология, свързана с християнството, в антропонимия и ойконимия от каза Неврокоп по данни от 1569-1570 година

Author(s): Georgi Mitrinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article presents the names pop / papa / papas of Christian religious persons included in the anthroponymy of the Christian population of Nevrokopska Kaza, according to data from Ottoman tax registers from the 16th century. A comparison is made with material from Ottoman registers for Western Thrace and the Southern Rhodopes. A name of domestic, Bulgarian origin, pop is the most widespread in the lists of the Nevrokop region.

Някои диалектни лексеми в българските говори в Албания и техните успоредици в славянските и в балканските езици

Author(s): Luchia Antonova-Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Absract. The paper examines some rare dialectal lexemes in Bulgarian dialects in Albania, tracing their correspondences in Slavic and Balkan languages. Some names of animals are considered – vèshk’e, trəmka, as well as names of watery areas – mochvàr, tùn’a, kal and names related to the natural phenomenon of rainfall // snow.

Източнобългарски черти в говора на с. Речане, Призренско

Author(s): Iliyana Garavalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The dialect of the village of Rechane spoken in the Prizren region bears all the diagnostic traits of the Bulgarian language and its northwestern dialects in particular. The geographical location of the dialect in the westernmost part of the Bulgarian language area not only makes it important for the delineation of its western boundary but also provides major evidence of its continuity. This is so especially as the dialect has a number of features typical of the Eastern Bulgarian dialects found at all linguistic levels. The subject of research in this article are specifically these characteristics. The analysis is based entirely on new dialect material collected by the author during the conduction of preparatory courses for university entrance exams in Bulgarian language, literature, history and culture for the local Bulgarian minority during the period 2015–2019. The characteristic dialect features are compared with similar phenomena in the Bulgarian language area and with phenomena in other neigbouring Slavic languages. The author draws important conclusions concerning the ethnic identity of the local population and the unity of the Bulgarian language, the continuity of the Bulgarian language area and the location of its western boundaries.

Ойконимите в „Българския топонимен речник“

Author(s): Anna Choleva-Dimitrova,Nadezhda Dancheva,Maya Vlahova-Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The study examines Bulgarian settlement names included in the Bulgarian Toponymic Dictionary’s lexicon, which represent the biggest share of all the dictionary entries. It aims at summarizing the structural types of oikomyms that are to be found in the contemporary Bulgarian oikonymic system. Special attention is also given to names of abandoned or depopulated settlements, whose number is constantly growing, since they continue to be part of the Bulgarian oikonymy. The oikonymic classification proposed here is based on the one traditionally implemented in Bulgarian toponymic research. In the conclusion, the most common structural types of settlement names as well as the most frequent formants are presented.

Концептът „здраве“ в традиционната и в съвременната българска езикова картина на света

Author(s): Mariyana Vitanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The fragment of the linguistic picture of the world, revealing the physical and mental status of the Bulgarians, is widely presented in the lexical and phraseological fund of the Bulgarian language. The aim of the article is to analize the representation of the concept of health in the Bulgarian language and some of the linguistic and cultural dimensions of health related to the traditions and practical experience of native speakers of the Bulgarian language. The material used in the research was excerpted from dictionaries, collections of proverbs and sayings, archives and conducted associative questionnaires.

За числителните имена за приблизителност в български език и украинските им съответствия

Author(s): Ivan Derzhanski,Olena Siruk / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The category of approximate numeral quantification (approximative) is still insufficiently researched both on a typological scale and in individual languages, in particular Slavic. Here we investigate the uses of Bulgarian approximative numerals of the type desetina ‘ten or so’ or stotina-dvesta ‘about a hundred or two’ in a parallel corpus of Bulgarian and Ukrainian fiction. These numerals have no direct counterparts in Ukrainian, so the lexical units and syntactic constructions which correspond to them and their statistical parameters are of interest for linguistic theory as well as the practice of translation.

Булфрейм – система за създаване и редактиране на концептуални фреймове

Author(s): Svetla Koeva,Emil Hristov Doychev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents BulFrame – a web-based system designed for creating, editing, evaluating and viewing conceptual frames. A unified theoretical model for the formal presentation of conceptual frames has been developed, which predetermines the architecture of the application for data processing. The conceptual frame defines a unique set of syntagmatic relations between verb synonymous sets representing the frame and synonymous sets of nouns expressing the frame elements. In this way, the structure of the conceptual frame combines and builds on the semantic knowledge presented in WordNet and FrameNet.

LEKSIKOGRAFSKI POSTUPAK U TRETMANU NJEMAČKIH PARONIMA U DVOJEZIČKOM RJEČNIKU

Author(s): Minka Džanko,Alma Čović-Filipović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

In the process of creating a contemporary, universal bilingual Bosnian-German dictionary, a number of lexical-semantic challenges emerged. One of them is the occurance of paronyms which are defined in the literature quite differently. Following Storjohannʼs (2021a, 2021b) work on German paronyms, in this paper we define paronyms as formally, phonetically and/ or semantically similar words that may have the same etymological root (e.g. formal - formalistisch, kindisch - kindlich). The previous research showed that paronymic pairs are a source of uncertainty for both native speakers and learners of German as a foreign language due to their semantic and phonetic similarity. However, the existing Bosnian-, Croatian-, or Serbian-German bilingual dictionaries rarely treat this phenomenon neither explicitly, with a note or a separate window, nor implicitly - by taking into account different conceptual referential aspects of the meaning and use of paronyms. The goals of this work are: 1. to offer concrete solutions for a lexicographic treatment of paronyms in the microstructure of the Bosnian-German universal dictionary; 2. to encourage further research into this phenomenon in order to fill an evident gap in domestic and bilingual lexicography. Data comes from the online paronym dictionary of German Language Institute Mannheim, in which their meaning structures are clearly delineated and schematically shown. We investigate their lexicographic presentation in existing bilingual dictionaries and propose more adequate lexicographic treatment in order to offer a more appropriate equivalent. For example, the entry bezbolno (painlessly) occurs in the existing dictionaries with the equivalents schmerzlos and schmerzfrei, suggesting that these two words are synonyms and can be used equally in any context in the German language, even though they are actually paronyms.

PRIKAZ POMENSKO POVEZANIH IZTOČNIC V SLOVARJU PREGOVOROV IN SORODNIH PAREMIOLOŠKIH IZRAZOV

Author(s): Matej Meterc / Language(s): Slovenian Publication Year: 0

Dictionary of Proverbs and Similar Paremiological Expressions lists semantically related entries for each paremiological expression, if they have already been included in the dictionary. The article first presents the first paremiological dictionary of the Slovenian language, which is being created at The Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language (Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts). The first dictionary entries were published on the Fran.si webpage in 2020, and since then new dictionary entries have been added once a year. Currently, 400 paremiological expressions (mostly proverbs but also other) are included in the dictionary. The information on semantically related paremiological expressions shows the connections between synonyms, hypernyms, hyponyms and antonyms. In the analysis, we help ourselves with the typology of semantic relationships presented by Peter Ďurčo. The lexicographical information on semantically related paremiological expressions also provides a connection between (phraseologically fixed) anti-proverbs and proverbs from which these anti-proverbs were created. Similarly, in the dictionary, wellerisms and the expressions from which they were formed are linked. In the article, we touch upon the issue of a wider group of paremiological genres that are created through parody (so-called antiparemias), which Jozef Mlacek pointed out. The special feature of this paremiological dictionary is the display of semantic relationships between phraseological replies that respond to the same or similar stimuli. All the mentioned semantic relationships are shown in the article with concrete paremiological expressions, their explanations of meaning and examples of usage. The article also explains to what degree the display of semantic connections between paremiological expressions affects the choice of paremiological expressions presented in the dictionary.

POLYPREFIXAL VERBS OF SILENCE IN RUSSIAN AND POLISH

Author(s): Liliia Kilina,Tatiana Kopylova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article describes Russian and Polish polyprefixation on the material of the group of verbs of silence. The analysis of historical and modern dictionaries combined with the functional-analytic approach to the text enable us to identify the hall marks of this language phenomenon in the Russian and Polish languages, to identify the most productive secondary prefixes and the specifics of their functioning.

FEATURES OF WORD FORMATION IN CONTEMPORARY MASS MEDIA TEXTS (IN RUSSIAN AND CROATIAN LANGUAGE)

Author(s): Marina Vasilievna Radčenko / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article analyses features of word formation in contemporary Russian and Croatian mass media texts. Active types, models and morphemes of word formation system used in both languages are determined. A comparative analysis of the ways of forming new words shows that occasionalisms in both languages can be created by conventional methods, such as affixation and composition or by non-conventional ways of word formation (contamination, derivation according to a specific pattern, graphoderivation).

Pracovní listy pro výuku českého jazyka bilingvních žáků 6.-9. třídy

Author(s): Veronika Tinková / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Příspěvek se zaměřuje na tvorbu pracovních listů pro výuku českého jazyka bilingvních žáků 6.–9. třídy, jejichž prostřednictvím si mohou bilingvní děti upevňovat český jazyk. Cílem je vysvětlit danou problematiku a související pojmy, a především usnadnit bilingvním jedincům práci ve výuce českého jazyka prostřednictvím procvičovacích listů, které mohou sloužit jako doplňující materiály při učení, opakování i automatizaci dané látky.

WORD-ORDER AS A MEANS OF RESOLVING AMBIGUITY

Author(s): Vladislav Smolka / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

English word-order performs a variety of functions: some of these have received considerable attention while others have remained relatively underexplored. The dominant function of word-order in English is to signal the syntactic function of an element through its position in the sentence. Consequently, the linear arrangement of clause constituents is much less variable than in Czech, for example, where the signalling role is performed by inflections. Nevertheless, even the English word-order is not absolutely rigid. Deviations from the canonical word-order may be motivated by factors such as the functional sentence perspective, the relative length and structural complexity of the respective clause constituent, as well as by the need to achieve cohesion of the text. This paper looks at deviations from the grammatical word-order which might be motivated by the need to avoid potential ambiguity, i.e. at cases where a more usual ordering of clause constituents is open to more than one interpretation. Most attention is given to potential ambiguities of scope occurring in newspaper discourse.

DOES GENRE INFLUENCE THE CHOICE OF EVALUATIVE LEXICOGRAMMATICAL PATTERNS IN BRITISH ONLINE NEWSPAPER DISCOURSE?

Author(s): Petra Peldová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper aims to analyse the use of evaluative adjectival lexicogrammatical patterns in selected British online newspaper discourse in terms of genre specification. It focuses both on the normalised frequency of the patterns as well as on the evaluative semantic groups of the adjectives embedded in the patterns analysed. The genres chosen for the analysis are politics and crime. 282 articles from six national British online newspapers (the Sun, the Mirror, the Express, the Guardian, the Telegraph, and the Independent) were downloaded to create the corpus. These were then analysed via Sketch Engine for the evaluative adjectival patterns introduced by Bednarek (2009). The adjectives found in the patterns were further examined and manually divided into semantic groups introduced by Collins COBUILD. The data were then compared in an attempt to identify discourse patterns and contrasts, and valuable insights were gained into the lexicogrammatical features studied. The analysis indicated that evaluative adjectival patterns are indeed embedded in newspaper stories and both the tabloids and the broadsheets employ these patterns more or less equally for the same genres. Both types of newspaper mainly embed patterns ‘v-link ADJ’ and ‘v-link ADJ prep’ in both genres. However, when broadsheets report on politics, the use of the ‘it v-link ADJ finite/non-finite’ pattern, can be considered marked.

Un demers exegetic contemporan: analiza expresiei „sânul lui Avraam”

Author(s): Cezar-Paul Hârlăoanu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

In the Orthodox funeral service is used the expression „Abraham’s bossom”. Borrowed from Luke’s gospel, mainly the parable of rich man and Lazarus, the expression itself speaks about eternal life. Actually, the entire parable the opposition between good and bad, between rich and poor, between believers and non-believers. But above all this, this expression comes with a very powerful meaning: the eternal life means being hold, being tight to the chest by God the Father.

За думата „хавра“ в българския, гръцкия и руския език

Author(s): Emilia Avginova-Nikolova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

In this paper is presented the word “havra” from semantic point of view – its meanings, matchability, use, as well as the origin of the word “havra“ in Bulgarian, Greek and Russian with fair relevance in the examined three languages.

Наблюдения върху предаването на безеквивалентна лексика в художествения превод от български език на гръцки език и обратно

Author(s): Velichka Simonova-Grozdeva / Language(s): Bulgarian,German,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

Лексико-семантични особености на гръцките думи в родопските говори

Author(s): Tsvetana Mandzhukova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Greek loanwords in Bulgarian constitute a significant share of the total number of foreign words in it. In some Bulgarian dialects the number of Greek words, in comparison with other foreign lexemes, is larger owing to the proximity of these vernaculars to those of Greek, and also due to the historical and cultural processes transpiring in Bulgarian lands in the past. In a considerable number of Greek words that have entered the Rhodopi vernaculars semantic changes have occurred. There also are loan words that have preserved the central meaning they have in the source language. Depending on the semantic characteristics of Greek loan words in the Rhodopi vernaculars, three main groups can be differentiated: a) words where no change in meaning has occurred, b) words that have acquired new meaning, and c) new words that are derivatives of lexemes from the former two groups. The study also traces penetration routes of Greek words in the Rhodopi vernaculars. The frequency of use of loan words is analysed in a diachronic aspect.

La transparence et l'opacité de l'acte traduisant

Author(s): Paula Ilaş / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

We aim to discuss in this article about the link between translation and linguistic stasis, more precisely for the Christian orthodox translations from French into Romanian. This type of linguistic stasis is present mainly in Romanian culture unlike other francophone western cultures. Therefore, the translator anxious to integrate into a tradition of translations of this kind is obliged to respect the lexical and cultural constraints of the language of arrival.