We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The paper describes the main peculiarities of the Stanimaka (Asenovgrad) subdialect in the first half of the 20th century based on a literary text written by Hristo Daskalov. A comparison with some neighbouring sub-dialects has also been made.
More...
Research on language acquisition is a central theme in sociolinguistic research. Contemporary social, economic and political processes affect the life of communities and the languages what they speak. Globalization, migration and the enlargement of the European Union can significantly change the role and the future of majority and minority languages. In this research, we aim to reveal the family level language choice strategies of the Hungarian community in the small town of Margitha (Bihor County, Romania), discussing the role of family related social framework that positively or negatively influences the motivation of minority students to acquire knowledge of the Romanian language. For this purpose, we used both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches. The results of research confirm that in multi-ethnic communities perhaps the most important, however at the same time the most vulnerable component of ethnic identity is the linguistic identity, which plays a key role in shaping the cultural landmarks and contents that determine the social integration of the individual. The positive family effects of socialization with the Hungarian language can be observed mostly in the ethnically homogeneous family. However, if one of the spouses is ethnic Romanian, the dominant language of communication within the family is more likely to be the Romanian language.
More...
Communication is a complex phenomenon inevitable to society. Lately, one has noticed a noticeable rise in the interest towards both the theme of communication, in general, as well as in that of intercultural communication, in particular, at the individual level as well as at the level of the group interactions. Intercultural communication comprises universal elements, as well as specific ones, operating at various levels, generating a variety of communicative behaviours and leading to certain types of communicational necessities, greatly impacting what speakers perceive and how they perceive. The subject 'Romanian Language and Literature' is a strong means and an appropriate educational medium for intercultural education to take place in, it develops the intercultural communication skills, it creates intercultural attitudes. Thus, intercultural communication is a process which can be successfully guided, developed, adjusted by teachers during Romanian Language and Literature classes.
More...
In teaching a foreign language, building and developing language skills represent the instructors’ main aim. But developing skills would not be possible without teaching pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary. According to the communicative approach, among these language components, vocabulary is considered to be of great importance, without diminishing the role of grammar and pronunciation in a foreign language. It is well-known that vocabulary provides learners with the necessary knowledge meant to help them to deliver both written and spoken messages, without having too much grammar or pronunciation knowledge. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to identify possible ways of improving students’ vocabulary in Romanian, especially when it comes to word formation, a process that does not only involve learning words but also using them creatively
More...
This research focuses on a contrastive critical and methodological approach applied to six well-known English and Romanian grammar books. The authors are interested to observe and interpret the strengths and limitations of the selected grammar books in order to identify educational strategies and stages to be taken when teaching grammar. A major attention was paid to the didactic contrastive scenario of teaching grammar. English grammars are descriptive, whereas Romanian grammars are rather prescriptive. Thus, this enquiry is an attempt to find a generalised and practical layout in the study of two different idiomatic approaches, with a focus on similarities and an aim on divergences. Methodologically speaking, this research targets to further developed and improve educational practices for teaching and learning English language rules and Romanian grammar. Given examples include an overview of verbal tenses and of general vocabulary, for A1-B1 CERCL levels, in both languages.
More...
As innovative and effective approaches, gamification and flipped classroom have been widely applied in foreign languages teaching and learning, but little studies were conducted about gamification applying in flipped classrooms to assist the learning of Romanian language. To fill this gap, it was necessary to search for effective ways to find innovative solutions. Implementation of gamification in flipped classrooms can increase students' motivation towards in-class activities and towards Romanian language learning. The purpose of this article is to provide a practical and theoretical framework for integrating gamification in flipped Romanian language courses and use mobile applications such as (Kahoot! and Quizizz) for in-class activities, which can help in supporting with Romanian language learning by concentrating on various perspectives to apply the flipped classroom, in-class activities, gamification, and mobile applications in the educational context.
More...
The paper aims to raise the English teachers’ awareness of the terminological ambiguities and the loose use of several common TEFL words such as “method”, “approach”, “design”, “technique”, “procedure”, “strategy”, “methodology”, and others. The efforts that have been made in an attempt to clarify them are presented in connection with the models proposed by E. M. Antony (1963), W. F. Mackey (1965), J. C. Richards and T. S. Rodgers (1982), H. H. Stern (1983), and B. Kumaravadivelu (2008). The ambiguities and overlaps found in these models are pointed out, and implications for the practitioners’ condition are suggested.
More...
The following article examines two important components to aid students develop their English language oral skills and to enhance their understanding of literature and thinking skills. The first component is the use of the Question and Answer Relationship Format to help teachers elicit appropriate questioning and use strategies to understand literature and nonfictional text in a deeper fashion. The second component is the use of Literature Circles. This strategy, widely used in the United States, allows students to read fictional texts and discuss in depth all the components of a literary piece. Consequently, this technique also triggers students’ oral skills while in the classroom. Such a method is ideal for English Language Learners from an intermediate to an advanced and near proficient levels in any educational context. Thus, the authors also share insights from their own classroom experience while using the aforementioned techniques.
More...
Pursuit of communication is the major motivation in foreign language learning. Knowing one or more foreign languages today is no longer an additional qualification, but is part of the basic knowledge indispensable for the next stage of students’ education. Mastering a foreign language is not limited to acquiring knowledge about grammatical construction, lexical units and phonetic features of a certain language. In view of the fact that “culture is the necessary context for using a certain language” (web 3), the ability to fully use a foreign language in communication is preconditioned by the mastery of background knowledge related to the cultural specificity and civilization model of the nation.Pursuit of communication is the major motivation in foreign language learning. Knowing one or more foreign languages today is no longer an additional qualification, but is part of the basic knowledge indispensable for the next stage of students’ education. Mastering a foreign language is not limited to acquiring knowledge about grammatical construction, lexical units and phonetic features of a certain language. In view of the fact that “culture is the necessary context for using a certain language” (web 3), the ability to fully use a foreign language in communication is preconditioned by the mastery of background knowledge related to the cultural specificity and civilization model of the nation.Pursuit of communication is the major motivation in foreign language learning. Knowing one or more foreign languages today is no longer an additional qualification, but is part of the basic knowledge indispensable for the next stage of students’ education. Mastering a foreign language is not limited to acquiring knowledge about grammatical construction, lexical units and phonetic features of a certain language. In view of the fact that “culture is the necessary context for using a certain language” (web 3), the ability to fully use a foreign language in communication is preconditioned by the mastery of background knowledge related to the cultural specificity and civilization model of the nation.Pursuit of communication is the major motivation in foreign language learning. Knowing one or more foreign languages today is no longer an additional qualification, but is part of the basic knowledge indispensable for the next stage of students’ education. Mastering a foreign language is not limited to acquiring knowledge about grammatical construction, lexical units and phonetic features of a certain language. In view of the fact that “culture is the necessary context for using a certain language” (web 3), the ability to fully use a foreign language in communication is preconditioned by the mastery of background knowledge related to the cultural specificity and civilization model of the nation.
More...
The paper deals with the Greek language question as well as the specific historic development of the Greek language. Special attention is paid to diglossia and the problems it brings about. The study highlights the points of view of the proponents of Dimotiki and Katharevousa, their contribution to the development of the language question and the theory of the unity of the Greek language. Last but not least, the paper also raises the issue of the arguments concerning the name of the Greek language (Dimotiki or Modern Greek) and its teaching.
More...
The concept of “threshold” is closely linked with the development of foreign language teaching. Most often, the word “threshold” is encountered in the phrase “level-threshold” and has become in recent years one of the key concepts in language teaching and the CEFR. The usefulness of the threshold level (threshold levels) is justified by its use in the development of different textbooks and language methods, curricula, certifications, assessment tests and for teachers. The origin of the term is associated with the mid-1970s with the Threshold Level, which represents the first functional / notional specification of language needs of the Council of Europe.
More...
This article examines the role of minimal linguistic elements and their phonetic changes in the development of the semantic potential, grammatical system, and generative transformational ability of the Russian students in the Arabic classroom and the Arabs in the Russian one. Phonetic changes that serve as a means of differentiating word meanings in the first language level are represented as a connecting link between the first language level and the second one which help students master the mechanism of semantic development of minimal meaningful elements and the methods of generating new words at the second level. The designation of the rules in one language will help to find their exact equivalents in another one, and continue to handle all units in both languages by analogy. The markers obtained in the interaction of the first two language levels are indicative bases of the third, since the syntax is the highest grammatical link which helps morphologically formed minimal elements to be categorized syntactically. So, students can learn the ways of the gender, number, and case markers formation in a foreign language, their syntactic categorization and deductive skills by analogy, since the laws of language are sustained, and what constitutes a word would be a rule for a number of other words, not only in a foreign language, but also in their native language. The audible relation of language levels is always in need of a grammatical system which is able to fulfill the job of facilitating language learning as long as an audible language and its formal display must match in order for students to learn accurate rules of a foreign language. For this task we need a new language system – phono grammar through which students will be able to know the role of minimal meaningful elements in distinguishing word meanings, to learn rules for morphological categorization of already known to students minimal meaningful elements, and to master the relationship of language levels. Phono-grammar system, acting as a whole progressive principle of an audible and formal language structure helps students to generate their own words and sentences by analogy, which develops their generative transformational ability. This system will allow them to learn an accurate audible language.
More...
The article is devoted to the issue of intensification of the educational process by the use of modern information and communication technologies (ICT).The author describes possibilities of using ICT in teaching Russian language, their advantages over traditional methods of teaching and different types of exercises that greatly enrich the language and cultural practices of students, as well as create conditions for the development of skills of independent learning activities. The proposed article is intended to teachers of Russian as a foreign language and may contribute to the successful application of modern educational ICT.
More...
The article is devoted to new technologies in education, in particular distance education. We consider the pros and cons of this form of education (based on cooperation of Tamkang University (Taiwan), Northern (Arctic) Federal University (Arkhangelsk, Russia), and The Pushkin State Russian Language Institute (Moscow, Russia). Also, this article discusses themes, issues and difficulties which appear in the development and use of new digital working methods. We analyze modern technologies in education, such as use of social networks, use of chatbots and use of different operating systems and platforms.
More...
The presentation explores the issues of cultural closeness and distance in relation to foreign language studies. The presenter first shares theoretical views of the topic, especially with focus on Czech and Russian cultures.Then she presents her research findings on attitudes to Russia and the Russian language collected among students of Russian and analyzes them with respect to the students' motivation to study the language.
More...
The article describes stages in teaching Latin from ancient to modern times. The first grammatical treatises by Hellenistic Alexandrian scholars were taught. In ancient Rome, between the 3rd century BC to 6th century AD, the focus was on grammar and rhetoric skills. In the Middle Ages, teaching grammar constituted the major part of the trivium and the Liberal arts. The goal of teaching Latin was to prepare students for a career both in secular and theological studies. Latin acquired the role of a Lingua Franca in Europe. It was the dominant language in the field of education, science, religion, law, trading, administration till the end of the 16th century. During the Renaissance period, it was gradually replaced by French, German and English, and the comparative historical method in teaching Latin and science was applied. In Europe, the introduction of Classical Language Studies in 18 – 19th century laid the scientific foundations of the teaching of Latin and Latin grammar. These foundations served as a pattern in writing the grammar books of contemporary languages till the end of the 19th century. The article represents the development of teaching Latin in Bulgaria and the traditional grammar/translation methods, whose main objective is the analysis and translation of original texts.
More...
In both modern Greek and Bulgarian, borrowing foreign words is a major way to enrich vocabulary at the beginning of the 21st century. It is characteristic of both languages that often at the beginning of the acquisition of a loan word it can function both in an adapted and non-adapted form, and sometimes remains in the home language with zero degree of adaptation. The process of borrowing foreign words is effective and useful when it is communicatively and functionally justified, ie. non-equivalent vocabulary enters the language. In both Balkan countries, the equivalent fashion vocabulary, mostly of English origin, arouses the attention and concern of the public in order to limit its invasion and to preserve as much as possible the national-specific character of the native language.
More...
A brief overview of the Arabic conditionals with an accent on the role and the meaning of the particles that introduce conditions or hypotheses, on the one hand, and consequences, on the other. The role of the verb forms and their relationship to the governing particles is also touched on.
More...
The aim of this paper is to investigate the use of the present participle as an object complement in English and its Macedonian translation equivalents. The research is conducted on a corpus of sentences excerpted from English and American literature and their Macedonian translation equivalents. The results show that the present participle as an object complement is translated into Macedonian mostly with 𝑘𝑎𝑘𝑜 – dependent clauses. However, there are also examples in which the present participle as an object complement is translated with relative clauses, da-clauses, clauses with a verbal adjective, clauses with a verbal adverb, clauses with a verb in Imperfect and temporal dependent clauses.
More...
When studying Bulgarian as a foreign language, the main goal is to develop two types of skills: receptive and productive. The article describes some models and exercises for building and improving receptive skills (reading and listening) applied in the work with foreign students. The types of exercises that can be derived are: recognizing language elements; searching and analyzing information; transformation; production (of words, sentences, texts).
More...
