![Bevezető a Fordulat 24. számához](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2018_43630.jpg)
We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The paper presents the main commercial law institutes and their manifestation on the Bulgarian market in the second and third quarters of the nineteenth century – commercial companies, commercial courts, bankruptcy. They are regulated by the trade legislation and, in this sense, modernity is enshrined in them. Insofar as the modernity is difficult to break through and difficult to place in the oriental conditions of the region, these institutes acquire a specific local appearance that is subject of the analysis in the article. In these structures the modernity is combined with traditional stereotypes. In addition, there are phenomena that are contrary to the law and public morality: corrupt practices, the use of friendly and ties to provide a favorable outcome of a case, seeking legal information and specialized advice through informal contacts, pressure on the members of the trade court. Several key case studies have been considered in the paper and an attempt has been made to formulate hypotheses on the subject, both on the basis of own studies – already published and current, as well as on the basis of recently published contributions, mainly PhD theses. The present study revises the statement in the historiography that laws are adopted in the Ottoman Empire, but they remain “just on a book”, while reforms are formal and imposed “from above”. This statement is not true about the Commercial Law and the commercial law institutes.
More...
The combination of the terms „countryside” and „tourism” is usually associated with the use of rural areas or activating them for the purpose of tourism. However, the tourist activity of rural dwellers is rarely analysed. The purpose of this article is to try to answer the following question: How do tourists coming from rural areas to cities differ from visitors who come from urban areas? With the use of information obtained from the study of tourist traffic in Kraków, Poland, statistically significant differences in the behaviour of these two groups visiting the city in 2017 were determined. The empirical analyses are preceded by a review of Polish and foreign literature on tourist activity and its determinants, on urban tourism and on the functioning of the modern countryside. The results show that rural dwellers, more frequently than their urban counterparts, take shorts visits to cities and use the services of tour operators.
More...
The article presents the authors’ point of view on the role and place of fundamental mathematical knowledge in modern society. The main idea is the need to review the process of creating and using electronic educational resources. Conclusions are drawn that information technologies allow to strengthen professional orientation of fundamental education.
More...
The first part of the article presents the theoretical and methodological basis of the study of interconnections and interactions between the social and plant world in gardens, with an emphasis on the concept of biocultural diversity. Experience from collaborative field studies of ethnologists and botanists has been shared. The second part presents observations and reflections on the garden as a multilayered topos: an economic but also an aestheticized place; a place of conservation of genetic resources and knowledge, but also of experiments and innovation; a place where the diversity and composition reflects social relations, hierarchies and conflicts, social mobility and migration, memory of important events and loved ones, cultural orientations and values. The analysis shows that the garden is characterized by constant doing and incompleteness, that it is a place where people bring together different spaces and times and that each garden has its own biography that reflects the life trajectories of its owners.
More...
The article considers urban gardens as a typical urban farming practice, with a high potential for organizing social energy and the emergence of intensive and sustainable social relationships in time. There are four models for urban gardens, which were created on different occasions but successfully implemented by non-governmental organizations on the territory of a metropolitan municipality. The article reveals the specificities of the functions that urban gardens perform and proves that the non-governmental sector has a huge role to play in promoting urban farming practices and unleashing the potential of urban gardens. Through in-depth interviews, the enthusiasm and the high social commitment of people who have implemented urban gardening initiatives are demonstrated. The models presented could be implemented as examples of the deployment of urban agriculture in the capital.
More...
There are four backbones to analyze time-series in general and forecasttime-series for financial markets: Chaos-theory, Fuzzy logic, Neural networksand Genetic algorithms. The first one is considered in (Magenreuter, 2016a), whilete third one in (Magenreuter, 2016b). The present paper is dedicated to the secondone analyzing posibilities for its application. Some results are discussed in promisingoutcomes.
More...
The forth issue of Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Digitalia focuses on digital classics and ancient history. The initiative was rooted in the Digital Ancient History and Archaeology workshop hosted by the Babeș-Bolyai University in June 2018. Some of the papers published herewith were presented there, while others are later additions, which we believed best-fitted to the thematic of the volume in order to help us render a more thorough image of what studia digitalia in these fields mean today.
More...
The article discusses some problems that arose while implementing two sets of annotation rules for treebanking Ancient Greek (the first set by Bamman and Crane, the second by Celano). Educational uses of treebanking are discussed, together with the most common problems that occurred while treebanking the Iudicium vocalium by 2nd-century writer Lucian of Samosata.
More...
The study of an abundant number of inscriptions leads to the conception of schemas and forms that can be organized into databases. This procedure allows us to arrange information with precision and to draw data and create connections between them in quickly and easily. For this reason, the relational database model has proved to be a valid support, as it makes possible to arrange data and information logically according to pre-established constraints and relationships, reducing errors and repetitions. The aim of this paper is to present an example of the use of a relational database created to catalogue inscriptions and highlight the positive aspects and difficulties found out during the process. The complexity of this method is mostly related to making choices about entities and identifying relationships between them; another obstacle is connected to the complexity of inscriptions as group of words and formulae. Nevertheless, the relational database allows the researcher to mix up data and information and create new relationships between them using SQL operators. The software used for the case study that will be presented in this paper is an open source administration and development platform pgAdmin (for PostgreSQL).
More...
The present paper has the goal to document the usage of the Romans 1by1, a database which records the people attested in the epigraphic sources coming from the Roman provinces; so far, we have registered Dacia, Moesia Inferior and Moesia Superior in full and are currently working on the epigraphy of Pannonia. The information started to be collected in 2015, and it is still in progress, the intention being to extend the geographical area as much as possible. The database represents an extremely useful resource in the study of ancient population, as well as a very user- friendly research tool, which allows primary browsing and selective, advanced searches alike.
More...
Digital tools have enhanced the possibilities of historical prosopographic researches, bringing to light facts and connections unnoticed before. Showcasing two very different databases – in structure, timeframe and employed sources – we will try to highlight how structured data can prove useful and revealing for the prosopography of the people living in all historical periods and areas. In order to make our point, we will first present the two databases from architectural and technical points of view, then we will focus on case studies extracted from each of them. The aim is to highlight the gain in historical knowledge brought forth by the employment of digital tools and technologies and how these means actually increase our insightfulness when facing the sources.
More...
The Pantheon 3D cultural programme is the most ambitious initiative in the field of new technologies applied to archaeological heritage carried out by the National Museum of Unification in Alba Iulia, one of the few at national level. In concept, the programme aims to render valuable the Roman artefacts belonging to the museum, using interdisciplinary methods. Via modern technologies and 3D documentation, Roman art works are digitized with the goal of accomplishing a virtual collection and a 3D interactive platform. The Pantheon 3D exhibitions and publications offer examples of three-dimensional models using specific techniques of non-textured rendering of surfaces, useful within studies of art history and as virtual models for artistic and iconographic interpretation.
More...
There are four backbones to analyze time-series in general and forecast time-series for financial markets: Chaos-theory, Fuzzy logic, Neural networks and Genetic algorithms. The first one is considered in (Magenreuter, 2016), while the present paper is dedicated to the third backbone including an example with promising outcomes in financial markts.
More...
The paper presents the design, authoring and implementation of anelectronic textbook in the Overview Course for the preparation of the written stateexamination for students from program „Information technologies, Mathematicsand Educational Management“ in Plovdiv University „Paisii Hilendarski“, BranchSmolyan. The textbook is created in the Distributed e-Learning Platform – DisPeL.The paper describes the specifics of the course, the adaptation of the learning contentand the implementation of the learning process in DisPeL.
More...
There are a variety of standards and specifications, which have been developed by many organizations and consortia. Thus, various aspects of the learning process are covered. The article is an attempt to analyze and interpret some references in the field of the educational technology standards and specifications for quality training e-courses.
More...
“Media Economics” by Petranka Fileva, Prof., Dr. of Soc. Sc. – book review
More...
The text aims to fill partly the gaps in the research of new migration from Western Europe to Bulgaria. It presents experiences and facts about the movement of Germans to Bulgaria and their categorization according to emigrational motives and contemporary way of life. German institutions are also presented – German embassy, Chamber of Industry and Commerce, Goethe-Institute, educational institutions, catering establishments. They are all functioning nowadays on the territory of Bulgaria as German community topoi.
More...
The important, interesting, or just downright quirky news from TOL’s coverage region. Today: protests in Mongolia; Orthodox squabbles in Eastern Europe; Russian nuclear threats; an uncertain future for Hungarian science; and weed-killing in the UK.
More...