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Une vision européenne de l’île

Author(s): Beatrice Nickel / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

In his “Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men” (“Discours sur l’origine et les fondements de l’inégalité parmi les hommes”, 1755) Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that man, in a state of nature, was inherently good, but became depraved the moment he decided to live in societies. In 18th century European literature, Rousseau’s idea assumed shape in the description of the original inhabitants of Tahiti. For the first time, Louis Antoine de Bougainville described them as the embodiment of Rousseau’s natural man. At this very moment, Tahiti became, in the European imagination, the epitome of paradise on earth. Beside the account of Bougainville’s journey, the following paper is focussed on literary texts of James Cook, Georg Forster and Denis Diderot.

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« L’île de Beauté » qui est maudite. Le pervers rêve corse de Prosper Mérimée

Author(s): Małgorzata Sokołowicz / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

The article describes the vision of Corsica emerging from the works of Prosper Mérimée. Known for its picturesque landscapes and the vendetta practiced by its inhabitants, the island became a popular literary motif already in the second half of 18th century. However, Mérimée copes with this “Corsican myth” in a very original way. By deriding the boredom of many young Europeans of his times, he makes them fascinated with the savage island, to really terrify them, afterwards, with its terrible cruelty. Moreover, those who want to forget this traumatic Corsican experience do not manage to do it as the perverse dream has made them addicted to its cursed beauty.

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Le microcosme insulaire de Jules Verne dans „L’Île mystérieuse”. De l’île de la Désolation à l’île Lincoln

Author(s): Didier Bertrand / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

This article means to demonstrate that the complexity of Mysterious Island, stemming from the description of the place, this silent but omnipresent character, prevent it from being limited to the young readership intended by Hetzel, Verne’s editor. The anticolonial and antislavery discourse established as the ideological principle early on, is debunked by a counterdiscourse based on new knowledge of anthropology. Conclusions about Verne’s response to Defoe are also addressed.

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Édouard Glissant : entre l’insularité et la pensée archipélique

Author(s): Michał Obszyński / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

The goal of this paper is to show how Édouard Glissant’s understanding of Antillean culture and literature evolve from the project of antillanité to the idea of creolization. The former (put forward in “Le discours antillais” published in 1981), bears the mark of an “insular” perception of the West Indies, but it simultaneously gives birth to some concepts stressing a relational character of the Antillean social and cultural reality. In a more detailed and elaborated form, this “archipelagic” perspective will be in the very center of Glissant’s aesthetic program presented in “Poétique de la relation” (1990) and “Traité du Tout-monde” (1997), which extend the range of analyzed issues in order to encompass the globalization phenomenon.

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La quête identitaire dans l’œuvre romanesque d’Ananda Devi

Author(s): Anna Szkonter-Bochniak / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

This article examines three novels by Ananda Devi, a well-known francophone novelist from Mauritius, the author of many novels, short stories and poetry books. In her novels, the author portrays the lives of women, the roles and norms that have been imposed on them, as well as their place in the conservative and patriarchal society in Mauritius and in India. The protagonists of “Pagli”, “Le Voile de Draupadi” and “Indian tango”, whilst searching for their identity, rebel against the society, their families and religion which marginalise them and deny their right to make decisions about their own lives. The protagonists of Devi’s novels by objecting to such a lifestyle, by violating the social norms and breaching bans, discover their identity. Pagli symbolically rediscovers her true name, Anjali freedom and Subhadra her body/sexuality.

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Itinérance et métissage : pour une littérature qui se réinvente

Author(s): Eileen Lohka / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

Nomadism and hybridity (métissage) are two keys words when it comes to Creole island societies. J.M.G. Le Clézio, Édouard Maunick and Ananda Devi of Mauritius all explore memory and language to erase (often constructed) boundaries between past and present, reality and the imaginary, land and sea, French and Creole. It is a way to transgress literary canons. Their poetics favour liminal spaces, a plurality of voices and meanings and an openness to the Other that may offer a new way of reading works written in the in-between space of exile — a condition becoming more and more common in today’s globalised world.

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La littérature francophone mauricienne, un écho à la littérature dix-huitièmiste comme héritage ?

Author(s): Sonia Dosoruth / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

When the French novelist Bernardin de Saint-Pierre wrote “Paul and Virginia”, in 1787, little did he know the international impact the book would have. Indeed, this novel emblematises the whole of the Mauritian francophone literature. This is because the vast majority of authors, from the colonial period to date, have internalised some form of mimicry of the book. The legacy it supports ranges from the representation of the utopian island to the ideological and aesthetics values of The Enlightenment, all of which pass through culture, History, the marks of anti-slavery movement, or the works of Nature.

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L’Atlantide ou la quête de l’absence. „D’un pays sans amour” de Gilles Rozier

Author(s): Anna Żurawska / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

The novel “D’un pays sans amour” (2011) by Gilles Rozier features two narrators who try to recapture the past and to reconstruct with letters the “Yiddishland” annihilated after World War II. This vanished state, with its cultural capital situated in Warsaw, is called Atlantis in the novel and presented as a paradise in the yiddish literature and language. The choice of this metaphor encourages the reflection on the ambivalence between reality and fiction, as well as on the oppositions between presence and absence or memory and oblivion. What is more, this metaphor refers to the categories of time and space. The aim of this article is to examine the function of the Atlantis metaphor on which the novel is based and to analyze the mechanisms of narrative as memorial (on the basis of Paul Ricœur’s concept) which allow the narrator to rebuild the annihilated world of the mythical island and to bring the non-existent back into existence.

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Alfred Jarry et Jacques Lacan. Lalangue du Docteur Faustroll

Author(s): Jérémie Sallustio / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2015

This article tackles the issue of alienation in the “Gestes et opinions du Docteur Faustroll, Pataphysicien”, by Alfred Jarry. To do so, it analyzes a few of the metaphorical islands found in Book III, “De Paris à Paris par mer”. The analysis also posits a link with a lacanian concept: lalangue.

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Chronologia, kalendarz i datowanie Roman de Flamenca – próba bilansu

Author(s): Michał Artur Sawczuk-Szadkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (68)/2023

This article aims to review and summarise previous research on the chronology of the medieval occitan narrative text Le Roman de Flamenca in two aspects: dating the text and dating the time of the action. The state of research makes it possible to identify the main ways of interpreting the chronology of the text: in terms of the time of its composition, as a work from the first or second half of the 13th century; while in terms of determining the time of the plot of Flamenca, it is dated by various authors to the first half of the 12th century, the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the first half of the 13th century. Among the main arguments used to support these hypotheses are the organisation of the text’s chronology around the liturgical calendar and the absence of the feast of Corpus Christi in that calendar, the description of the coat of arms of the Bourbons, attempts to identify the characters of the text as historical figures, and references to political events of the period. On the basis of an analysis of the data collected, the rejection of implausible and poorly argued concepts, and additional arguments related to the participation of the novel’s protagonist Guillaume in the war in Flanders, the author establishes the most probable dating range of Le Roman de Flamenca as 1287–1293, and the time of action as 1217–1224.In conclusion, an interpretative problem is presented that is closely related to the chronological issue of the text: the different perspectives on the novel as a current novel of manners or a novel of historical character. The analysis carried out here supports the conclusion that Le Roman de Flamenca is a text describing the golden age of the trobar from the perspective of its period of decline and decadence.

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Le labyrinthe comme motif métadiscursif dans la création littéraire de Christian Grenier

Author(s): Nadège Langbour / Language(s): French Issue: 38/2024

The labyrinth motif appears regularly in Christian Grenier's novels. In diegesis, it is always linked to myth and the fates of Daedalus, Theseus and Ariadne. It is also a diegetic motif that structures the setting, organizes the characters' quest and generates suspense. But this motif is above all a metadiscursive metaphor that theorizes the author's writing. In particular, he evokes the meandering construction of police intrigues. It also represents the referential games developed by Christian Grenier: By mixing the words of other writers with his own, offers his readers the opportunity to enter a kind of intertextual labyrinth.

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"Réparer les vivants" de Maylis de Kerangal : un labyrinthe salvateur

Author(s): Guillaume Rousseau / Language(s): French Issue: 38/2024

This article focuses on the modern image of the labyrinth-rhizome in Maylis de Kerangal’s novels. Basing on the analyses of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari (introduction to Mille plateaux), we explain the characteristics of this strange labyrinth, always in recomposition, and show how it fascinates the novelist. In a second step, we take the example of the labyrinth model which appears in Réparer les vivants : we formulate the hypothesis that it could represent the operation of the Cristal computer application used by health professionals for the organ transplantation procedure. Thus, the labyrinth ceases to be a place of perdition, it can save lifes.

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Représentation labyrinthique de l’errance dans le dédale du monde moderne chez Rachid Boudjedra

Author(s): Ismail Slimani / Language(s): French Issue: 38/2024

In ideal Topography for a characterized aggression, Rachid Boudjedra represents an illiterate emigrant lost in the maze of the Parisian subway. The reader follows the errance of this emigrant in search of his drop point writing on a bit of paper. At the end of long odyssée, it is found mortally attacked by a group of racists in exit of the subway. Our analysis based on works of Gilbert Durand, Umberto Eco, Deleuze and Guattari, Ethnocritic and urban semiotics, wants to be a description of this allegory of the modern world represented by the Parisian subway. An allegory that the writing that us of labyrinthian practised by the author also represents at the scriptural level.

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Les héros mythiques et leurs doubles dans les labyrinthes de Tolkien

Author(s): Mounir Hammouda,Fatma Zohra GHANEM / Language(s): French Issue: 38/2024

This Research paper examines how Tolkien's novels, "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings," incorporate labyrinthine elements into their fictional worlds. In these literary works, events primarily unfold in open landscapes, but there are elements that evoke complex and dangerous mazes, where certain heroes assume roles similar to that of Theseus. Thus, this analysis explores the representations of the Labyrinth myth through Tolkien's writing, highlighting both the similarities and differences between these structures in the two contexts, while emphasizing the symbolism of the subterranean world, akin to a cave, as a site of transformation where heroes emerge metamorphosed, invoking both death and rebirth. The paper suggests the use of mythocriticism to analyze the reiterations and variations of Labyrinth mythemes in these novels

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cartea străină

Author(s): Rodica Grigore / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3-4/2024

Review of: Fawzia Zouari, Trupul mamei mele, traducere de Alexandra Ionel, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Casa Cărții de Știință, 2020.

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Láskyplnost v Rousseauově Nové Héloise

Author(s): Étienne Balibar / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2011

The aim of the present study is to trace an interpretation of Rousseau’s novel Julie ou la Nouvelle Heloise on the basis of the difference between love and friendship. Starting with a brief reminder of Paul de Man’s interpretation of this novel in Allegories of Reading, the author turns to Jacques Derrida and borrows a key neologism from his book The Politics of Friendship: aimance or lovence, an affective modality which blurs and transcends the duality of love and friendship. On this basis, the author presents a few remarks concerning the literary form of the novel, the configuration of its characters and finally the place of Rousseau’s Julie in the context of his other works. Rather than being an isolated literary work, Julie seems to be an attempt to answer certain questions concerning the relation between individual and society from a different angle than that chosen in The Social Contract.

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Reading the Nonhuman: Literary Studies in the Anthropocene

Author(s): Tadeusz Rachwał / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The paper addresses a few aspects of approaches embracing the nonhuman inliterary and cultural studies and in theoretical approaches associated with the categoryof posthumanism. I connect such approaches with post-structural theories, findingin them connections with the later readings of the Anthropocene and their critique ofanthropocentrism. Roland Barthes’s “deauthoration” of literary works clearly gesturestowards an opening to the other, which in more recent approaches has been adapted intocomplex networks and connections with Donna Haraway’s companion species. Similarly,Derrida’s problematization of the division into inside and outside takes part in looking forreconnections with broadly understood environmental thinking. My task is to show thatvariously labelled critical and post-critical discourses can hardly be divided into separate,specialized disciplinary fields, but constitute a network, or a composition, of proposalsaddressing the spectre of the necessity of changing the great divide of man and nature.

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Remains. On Survivance in Translation and Literary Criticism

Author(s): Agnieszka Pantuchowicz / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The article proposes a reading of Jacques Derrida’s concept of “remains”as a way of approaching the question of being true to the original both in translationand in critical readings of texts that seem to assume the unchangeable presence of theirobjects of attentiveness. Although I mainly concentrate on the issues of translation, theaffinities between the two spheres of literary interest are only too obvious, and I graduallyapproach them in this paper through Derrida’s reading of what seems to be an Alaskancase of coffining of the dead. This coffining, as way of treating remains, is rhetoricallyrelated to reading and interpretation, and also to translation, as a tribute to what is leftbehind, unspoken or untranslated. What I attempt to bring to the fore in this paper are thecomplexities and intricacies involved in linguistic and artistic mythologies of presentingand articulating the world as simply present and living, at the cost of discursively coffiningwhat remains.

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Literacki obraz dorastania w świecie nowych technologii we współczesnej literaturze dla młodzieży na przykładzie powieści Clémentine Beauvais Pasztety, do boju!

Author(s): Dominika Elżbieta Psujek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

The article is dedicated to analysing the literary image of growing up in the newmedia culture based on Clémentine Beauvais’s novel Piglettes (2015) as a repre-sentative example of a psychoeducational trend of contemporary young adult lit-erature. The analysis considers the intra-textual strategies employed in the nove land its content. The discussion covers the presence of new technologies and relatedphenomena within the narrative framework of the novel, as well as the importanttopic of the didactic and psychoeducational role of young adult literature, espe-cially in the context of cyberbullying and the development of media literacy amongteenage readers.

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Les strategies narratives dans le texte néo-dramatique „Pierre et Mohamed” d’Adrien Candiard

Author(s): Tarik Abou Soughaire / Language(s): French Issue: 1 (44)/2023

The study of the narration-scene interaction has today reached a remarkable place within theatrical studies insofar as it allows researchers, as well as theater people, to touch closely how the roots of the genre are evolving greatly while responding to new demands, as well as new parameters that vary according to practices, cultures, and even eras. Through this research and while focusing on the show entitled “Pierre et Mohamed”, written by Adrian Candiard and published in 2018, we will see to what extent diegesis takes place over mimesis, how speech prevails over dramatic action, or to put it better how orality retreats before narrativity. Hence, it is to be noted that theatricality has evolved and that the founding bases of the genre have been transformed while allowing the theater to renew itself and to derive from it new dramatic types such as what is currently called neo-drama.

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