Voltairovo pojetí gens de lettres

Author(s): Dagmar Pichová / Language(s): Czech Issue: Sondernr./2018

In my paper I analyze Voltair´s conception of gens de lettres expressed in his article in Encyclopédie (1757) and compare it to his approach in Lettres philosophiques (1734) and Dictionnaire philosophique (1764). Voltair´s characterization is compared to the conception of other Encyclopedists and their project to reform the Republic of Lettres. The conception of gens de lettres embraces the qualities of philosophes and expresses the French Enlightenment ideal of the transfer of knowledge between science, philosophy and literature.

Depestre a Chamoiseau vyprávějí „frankofonní“ dějiny z kreolského pohledu

Author(s): Milena Fučíková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 61/2020

The paper deals with E. Glissant’s concept of History (Histoire, histoires), which is most notably expressed in his work Discours antillais (1997). I specifically examine the notion of history through a comparative study of two novels by René Depestre, Hadriana dans tous mes rêves (1988) and Eros dans un train chinois (1990), and of two poems Atibon-Legba (1964) and Cap’tain Zombi (1967). Similarly, I examine the notion of History/histories in the novel by Patrick Chamoiseau L’esclave vieil homme et le molosse (1997). The two “francophone” authors introduce the personification of a discourse which seeks to explore the relativity and plurality of the human experience of Creole slavery.

ПИШИ САМО КАД СЕ УМОРИШ ОД ГЛЕДАЊА: Уз Дневник Жила Ренара

Author(s): Bojan Savić Ostojić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 532/2021

Ka proširenju korpusa kanonskih tekstova na francuskom jeziku

Author(s): Marjana Đukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 174/2021

POUR UNE MÉTAMORPHOSE DU LIBERTIN OU LE SYNDROME DE L’EXTRA-TERRITORIALITÉ CHEZ MILAN KUNDERA ET ÉRIC-EMMANUEL SCHMITT

Author(s): Bianca-Livia Bartoș / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2022

A Metamorphosis of the Libertine or the Extra-Territoriality Syndrome in the Works of Milan Kundera and Éric Emmanuel Schmitt. This research aims to discuss the question of an ostensible metamorphosis of the libertine typology, as it is presented in the work of two contemporary writers, Milan Kundera and Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt. The first is the case of Tomas in The Unbearable Lightness of Being, published in 1984, first in Czech and, very soon afterward, in a French translation at Gallimard. On the other hand, we will analyze the same subject of an inherent metamorphosis caused by the extra-territoriality in The Elixir of Love, the epistolary novel of Éric Emmanuel Schmitt, published thirty years later, in 2014.

LA VILLE DE KINSHASA DANS LES ROMANS DE IN KOLI JEAN BOFANE

Author(s): Andreea Bianca Urs / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2022

The City of Kinshasa in the Novels of In Koli Jean Bofane. Through his novels, Congo Inc. and Mathématiques congolaises, In Koli Jean Bofane becomes the author of the city of Kinshasa. With its vast and diverse geography, the Congolese capital offers itself to being read like an open book. In her study, using the theoretical lens of Bertrand Westphal’s geocriticism, Urs explores Bofane’s fictional representation of the Congolese capital, in which she identifies three spaces of refuge. Acquiring both critical and political overtones, these spaces serve as a mise en abyme that can illustrate the functioning of literature. Refuge spaces are also living elements in the city, so necessary for the suffering characters.

Melancholy in Marcel Proust

Author(s): Isabel Sargento / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2021

The purpose of this article is to show how Marcel Proust faces temporality and how we can establish a parallel between his moods and the melancholic state of mind. A brief reflection is made on our relationship with time and about melancholy as consequence of our awareness of the passage of time. Focusing on the study of the first chapter of Swann’s Way, the first volume of Proust’s work In Search of Lost Time, it is presented as part of Proust’s melancholic experience, the fact that he articulated different times with the recourse of involuntary memory, one of the main means used by him in the writing of this work. The question of intuitions as thrusters of this same involuntary memory is addressed and as Proust, neither offering us a figurative literature, nor an abstract literature, used this formula in the struggle against his melancholic hopelessness. It is specified how Proust made the image (figure) to appear alternating the sensation of present with the sensation of past. Some considerations are made about mourning from two different standpoints, firstly from Walter Benjamin’s point of view and his philosophical perspective on the phenomenon of melancholy, then from the approach of Sigmund Freud, to whom melancholy is a pathology within the scope of psychiatry, opposed to mourning. The “loss” prevails throughout this reflection as a condition for the melancholic disposition.

Od „nie-miejsca” do „heterotopii”. Zagrożenie jako czynnik zmieniający status przestrzeni w "Dżumie" Alberta Camusa

Author(s): Karol Rawski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2021

Words can create reality which is why they sometimes arouse fear in people, especially when they are denominations of threatening forces, unfavourable to men.In my article, I would like to discuss the problem of pestilence and the utterance hereof in Albert Camus’ Plague. Why did Dr. Rieux hesitate to clearly utter the threat? Why did other characters in the novel have no problem voicing “epidemic” out loud? And above all, what are the consequences of uttering a disease? How the word “plague” destroyed the existing spatial status of Oran as a non-place; how it became a gate to building a new spatial status structure based on a heterotopic labyrinth, which, from the moment of utterance of this terrible term, was completely subjugated to the plague. How does the word escape the doctor’s room? What is the role of the figure of window in the process of the name overcoming barriers and passing from the level of language to the level of reality? And finally, whether the rhythm analysis can become an answer, deafening and counteracting the still resounding threat contained in the word.

L’hôpital, un espace d’enfermement (ré/trans) formateur dans Hôpital: récit en noir et blanc de Ahmed Bouanani

Author(s): Boubker Bakhat Afdil,Mohammed Lakhdar / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

The asylum for the insane, a place of confinement rather than healing, appears to be devoid of its primary therapeutic function. It invites more to condense by multiplying them to infinity, the forms and the modalities of the withdrawal into oneself. The madman lives there on his own, drawing resources sometimes from his imagination, sometimes from the physical or symbolic reality of his faltering environment, if not from the Other and his confused discourse of reasons for survival. Such rides offer him the possibility of finding a breach in the thick and opaque wall of the asylum space to escape suffocation and regain lucidity and a little bit of human dignity. Ahmed Bouanani takes us on a dizzying journey to this Dantean world in his work Hospital: a black and white story to explore a sick mind and a feverish body.

Hétérotopie et biopouvoir: l’impact de l’institut psychiatrique sur les patients chez Unica Zürn, Sara Stridsberg et Samuel Fuller

Author(s): Frédérique Lamoureux / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

The following paper focuses on the impact of psychiatric institution on the bodies of patients in works by Unica Zürn, Sara Stridsberg and Samuel Fuller. Using a Foucaldian approach, one is led to understand the psychiatric ward as an heterotopy : a place where time and space are organized differently from the outside world. What power dynamics take place in such an institution? The author reflects on how writers and cinematographers both portray and criticize the mental health hospital with the means of cinema and literature.

Folie du personnage ou folie d’une société ? Le Horla et L’Impasse

Author(s): Emma Chebinou / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

Lucidity or raging madness? The chosen novels raise the question: who is insane? This analysis will compare literary representations of madness between the late nineteenth and late twentieth centuries. Le Horla (1887) and L’Impasse (1996) are two novels whereby the psyche’s sickness is characterized by anxiety, illusion and paranoia while simultaneously portraying the main character as a lucid and reasoning being. Mirrors are present in both works and testify of a double consciousness, another self, and, physical, mental, and identity disintegration of characters. Psychiatry, in both novels, represented by Dr. Parent and Dr. Malfoi, lead to the character’s alienation because of their mental imprisonment. By showing their evolution, the study will shed light on the madness’s meaning and the characters’ subversive strategy to overcome it. Believing in madness is based on reason and pragmatism, but most of all enables the characters to see the invisible that the society can’t see: their own madness. Ultimately, their discoveries haunts and dehumanizes the characters as they try to escape from their new knowledge.

Dérives psychiques et espaces de soi. Analyse de La Vie de Joséphin le fou d’Ananda Devi

Author(s): Pierre Roméo Akoa Amougui / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

The wit of place influences the construction of Ananda Devi’s novel. The strong impression that emerges from it is the game of a spatial condition, determined by the psychic construction of the dweller. This is visible in La vie de Joséphin le fou where the sea, as a symbol of refuge and healing, is used to convey the story, the feelings and the reasons of the attachment of the character to a particular space rather than another. The psychic criterion of geocriticism theory leads us to observe how mental legality associates to that of the biotope and interpersonal relationship to utter a personal discourse on their correlation.

Les différentes manifestations de la folie dans L’Avare de Molière

Author(s): Noussayba Ouakaoui-Salem / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

In his comedies, Molière has given rise to a genre that has, until the 17th century, suffered from a lack of acknowledgement. In a way, the success of his pieces can still be confirmed today, as they tackle concerns common to all eras. This has been said, studying Molière is analyzing the defects of characters that some of them seem to be sympathetic while some others are marketed as unsympathetic. In order to heal the human nature, Molière recurs to his weapon of predilection: laughter. L’Avare is then a comedy that treats one of the worst aspects of the century: greed. Harpagon, the main character, obsessed with money, inclines into a behavior that has progressively revealed dementia. This article deals with the different aspects of this madness which reveals the function of this comedy.

Du magnétisme à la folie dans Magnétisme et Un fou ? de Guy de Maupassant

Author(s): Anna Kaczmarek-Wiśniewska / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

Guy de Maupassant’s short stories entitled Magnetism (1882) and A Madman? (1884) belong to the series known as “gothic stories”. Their central theme is madness – real, presumed, or just threatening one’s mental soundness. The paper discusses the relation between madness and animal magnetism, or mesmerism, a “supernatural” phenomenon that fascinated numerous minds in the 19th century. Can the capacity of “magnetizing” other people, animals or objects result in loss of mental balance by the magnetizer? Or maybe, on the contrary, this capacity does not exist at all, and those who don’t accept its rational explanation have become crazy? The doubt and the fear involved by those questions are main features of Maupassant’s works.

Feintes folies du fantastique: effets de sens et stratégies narratives

Author(s): Denis Moreau / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

The discourse of a mad narrator, as a specific act of enunciation, problematizes not only the relation between literature and madness, but also, and especially in fantastic fiction, the problematic relation between illusion and reality. In this perspective, the theme of madness, considered here as an fact of textuality, externalizes a particular and pathologised interiority, a distorted inner reality affected by perceptual errors and paranoid delusions. The rhetoric of madness and the metaphorical dimension of the language is intended to highlight irrationality and unreason, in a fictionalization of a peculiar relation to the external world, combining alteration of thinking, fantastic themes and effects of writing.

Review: L’enfant dans la littérature d’expression française et francophone. Études rassemblées et présentées par Anna Ledwina, Uniwersytet Opolski, Opole, 2019, 306 p. ISBN 978-83-7395-818-0.

Author(s): Ramona Maliţa / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

Review: L’enfant dans la littérature d’expression française et francophone. Études rassemblées et présentées par Anna Ledwina, Uniwersytet Opolski, Opole, 2019, 306 p. ISBN 978-83-7395-818-0.

Review: Krystyna Modrzejewska, Obrazy dzieciństwa w literaturze francuskiej XX wieku (Représentations de l’enfance dans la littérature française du XXe siècle), Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, Opole 2020, 181 p.

Author(s): Anna Ledwina / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

Review: Krystyna Modrzejewska, Obrazy dzieciństwa w literaturze francuskiej XX wieku (Représentations de l’enfance dans la littérature française du XXe siècle), Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, Opole 2020, 181 p.

Review: Bernard-Marie Garreau, Les Dimanches de carnetin, Histoire d’une famille littéraire, essai, Éditions Complicités, Paris, 2021, 191 p.

Author(s): Anna Ledwina / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

Review: Bernard-Marie Garreau, Les Dimanches de carnetin, Histoire d’une famille littéraire, essai, Éditions Complicités, Paris, 2021, 191 p.

Review: Paweł Kamiński, La figure du Juif errant dans la prose française du XXe siècle, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Katowice 2021, 360 p.

Author(s): Krystyna Modrzejewska / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

Review: Paweł Kamiński, La figure du Juif errant dans la prose française du XXe siècle, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Katowice 2021, 360 p.

Review: Albert Camus, Obcy, przełożył i posłowiem opatrzył Marek Bieńczyk (L’Étranger, traduction et postface par Marek Bieńczyk), Warszawa, PIW, 2021.

Author(s): Krystyna Modrzejewska / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2021

Review: Albert Camus, Obcy, przełożył i posłowiem opatrzył Marek Bieńczyk (L’Étranger, traduction et postface par Marek Bieńczyk), Warszawa, PIW, 2021.