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Юрсенаровата Клитемнестра като политически субект

Author(s): Francheska Zemyarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The article examines how the French writer Marguerite Yourcenar reworked and reinterpreted the story of the House of Atreus. Yourcenar herself clearly distinguishes her reading of the classic tragedies by Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. The present paper focuses mainly on the similarities with Aeschylus' trilogy Oresteia in order to outline what is new and different in Yourcenar's reading. My thesis is that the figure of Clytemnestra in “Fires” (Feux, “Clytemnestre ou le crime”, 1936) is presented as a political subject who is entitled to her own voice and political defence in court.

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La Beauté CONVULSIVE et les convulsions du roman surréaliste. Nadja (1928, A. Breton) et Zenobia (1985, G. Naum)

Author(s): Florin Oprescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: Sp. Iss. 2/2023

The article examines some of the communicating vessels (« vases communicants ») between André Breton’s theoretical surrealism and Gellu Naum’s neo-surrealism praxis. The focus of the analysis is also on the intersection points among the two novels, Nadja (1928) and Zenobia (1985), defining moments of beginning and of the last surrealism. The aim is to determine the synthetic (theoretical and practical) manifesto of Breton’s novel, Nadja, and the pure poetic act of the last European surrealist novel, Zenobia. Although the correspondences seemed clarified by Romanian literary criticism, the present article offers a new, in-depth and contrastive perspective on the « convulsive beauty », from theory to practice.

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The Filiation Narrative in the Contemporary French Novel: Jean Rouaud and the Quest for the Absent Master

Author(s): Petr Dytrt / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

In this paper two of Rouaud's texts — L’Invention de l’auteur and La Désincarnation — are mainly being discussed. Our aim is to demonstrate that the story of filiation appears very symptomatic of a new historical situation at the beginning of the twenty-first century, which seems to be written without a “Master” both on the literary and spiritual levels. Thus, there arises the need to accommodate the “ideologies of the end” that appear at the moment when the author enters the literary scene. By trying to establish an impossible dialogue with the Absent, Rouaud voluntarily becomes the archivist of the end of a certain world. We focus on the ways of establishing the link between the search of a father and the observation of the absence of the Father and an attempt to fill in this absence by searching other literary models.

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O granicach sztuki: konceptualne impresje, naturalne ekspresje. Artysta i jego dzieło na podstawie Mapy i terytorium Michela Houellebecqa

Author(s): Anna Tułacz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The author explores the limitations of art based on the potential sources of inspiration for Michel Houellebecq’s The map and the territory. The dialectic of art is questioned upon its links to capitalism, the sustainability of art and the artist when it comes to the confidence of realization of one’s ideas. The map-territory relation creates space for expressing the dynamics between the idea itself, its representation and what it entails when it comes to existing or perceived notions of delineation between the natural order (substance, materialization) and modernity (abstraction, impression). Houellebecq’s character gives precedence to the idea, and as in non-art, its serving as a conduit for natural expression, at the same time sets a limit to human expression, culminating in nature overcoming culture. Suggesting that both nature and (idea) art deriving from it can be brutal in their own ways. The inquiry consists of trying to unearth the identity of an artist and doing so by using biofictional practices to draw a connection with, but not limited to, a conceptual creator, Douglas Huebler. Intersection of the conceptual modes of reality with the reality itself in art is inevitable. With art, the onus is in respecting the two worlds with their separate qualities, bonding the differences without negating nor assimilating them; stretching the limits of creation both in the artist and what constitutes art as a whole. Hence, the border, as John Ruskin would say, lies within the mystery of life and art.

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Guerre et Londres. Pour une relecture contemporaine de Céline ?

Author(s): Eva Voldřichová Beránková / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

During 2022, Gallimard released two of Céline’s “unpublished novels”, recounting Brigadier Ferdinand‘s convalescence after suffering serious wounds on the Flanders front (Guerre), and the same hero’s subsequent wanderings through the capital of the United Kingdom, where Ferdinand lives among French pimps (Londres). After examining the circumstances surrounding the publication of both texts, we will focus on the direct and indirect representation of the war, which functions here as a kind of “original sin” from which all subsequent evil results, but also as a radical paradigm shift in relationships between men and women, written language and spoken language, etc.

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Franchir les obstacles murés dans Le Quatrième mur de Chalandon

Author(s): Nathalie Debrauwere-Miller / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

This article explores the symbolism of the „wall,” paradoxically representing both oppression and protection in Sorj Chalandon’s Le Quatrième mur (2013). It highlights how theater, framed within the novel, breaks down barriers separating individuals by bringing together young people from conflicting communities during the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). The intertextuality of Jean Anouilh’s play Antigone, analyzed in the article, offers an opportunity to redefine symbolic obstacles („walls”) while examining the notion of an inevitable destiny present in the novel. Under Chalandon’s pen, theater becomes a real lifeline and rhetorical weapon of resistance, surpassing the impasse of politics, reviving the memory of Sabra and Chatila (1982), and allowing the process of mourning after the carnage of war.

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Inscription de l’Histoire dans Un long moment de silence de Paul Colize

Author(s): Renata Bizek-Tatara / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

The article is about the historical thriller Un long moment de silence (2013) by Paul Colize. The author studies the staging of History, in particular the Second World War, the Occupation, and the Holocaust, as well as the way of inscribing it in fiction. It also analyses the research methods that the writer borrows from historians and examines the reasons for his great interest in Poland.

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Les camps d’une Grande Guerre oubliée : la littérature périphérique contre la mémoire empêchée au Québec

Author(s): Piotr Sadkowski / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

The aim of this article is to examine attempts to transgress the stereotypical view of victims based on Spirit Lake, 1915-1917 by Gilles Massicotte, Les Amants maudits de Spirit Lake by Claire Bergeron, Spirit Lake by Sylvie Brien and Prisoners in the Promised Land by Marsha Skrypuch. All of them focus on an embarrassing episode for the collective memory: the existence of internment camps in Quebec during the First World War, which were intended for immigrants, mostly of Ukrainian origin, who were treated as enemies because of their origin from the territories of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

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On rafle aussi les enfants : Mémoire d’un délit de séquestre par le gouvernement de Vichy. Les Presque Sœurs de Cloé Korman

Author(s): Ana Maria Alves / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

Our purpose is to show how much the contemporary novel can carry war stories in the form of a family investigation, but also a historical one. To do this, and without wanting to upset our readers, we have chosen Cloé Korman’s The Almost Sisters, which behind a backdrop that dates back to the Second World War, revisits the horrors that the Jewish children of France experienced between 1942 and 1944. Evoking the most despicable infamy of the 20th century committed by the Vichy government, the deportation to Auschwitz of 11,400 children, Korman proposes to return to the story of these little ones orphaned by the deportation of their parents. In this sense, it presents the story of six little girls who are tossed from one institution to another, from one camp to another. Three of them survive, and the other three take the road to Auschwitz in convoy 77.

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La dimension patrimoniale dans le livre enfantin : cas de la collection albumique Malika et Karim de l’édition Yanbow al Kitab

Author(s): Assia Marfouq / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

In this study, we attempt to identify the sources of the heritage highlighted in the album collection for children Malika and Karim of the Moroccan Edition Yanbow al Kitab and how it examines the question of identity through heritage. We will see how the textual and paratextual elements (illustrations, colours, framing, etc.) contribute to conveying the Moroccan heritage culture and what linguistic and stylistic processes are implemented to facilitate understanding and memorization.

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Vivre et écrire dans l’anomalie : Joris-Karl Huysmans

Author(s): Agata Sadkowska-Fidala / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2023

From the publication of À Rebours, Huysmans’ books feature a solitary protagonist, dreaming of a situation outside society, time and space, and even the body and sex. To this desire corresponds the increasing modification of the novel formula: a reflection of life in anomaly, the novel is transformed, to become a reverse novel, sick, deformed, bizarre. The refusal of regularity hides another refusal, that of conforming to a reality that does not correspond to the depth of personal experience. The work of Huysmans, especially in its post- naturalist part, brings a constant questioning of the norm under its various aspects, and constitutes an attempt to create a universe made to measure, necessarily a universe in anomaly. The journey that leads, in the field of novel, from À Rebours to L’Oblat, allows us to trace the stages of this evolution.

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Anomalie littéraire : la plume comique d’Hélène du Taillis

Author(s): Vicky Gauthier / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2023

When we think of classic comedic novels, the names of male authors such as Rabelais, Cervantes, or Scarron often come to mind.However, the contributions of women writers to this genre have been overlooked as literary anomalies. Hélène du Taillis (1873-1961),a French journalist and writer, is a literary anomaly in the history of early20th-century French literature. She wrote not one but two successfuland critically acclaimed comedic novels, "Enterrons l’adultère"(1923) and "La Nouvelle Bovary" (1927), at a time when this genrewas largely dominated by male writers and considered marginalliterature (and still is today). This article aims to examine Taillis's twonovels from the perspectives of Hamon and Saint-Gelais on ironyand transfictionality. By doing so, highlighting the unique aspects of Taillis's comedic writing, demonstrating that a comical heritage also exists among women writers.

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La contrainte selon l’Oulipo : anomalie de définition ou stratégie de légitimation

Author(s): Yuhua Xia / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2023

The concept of “constraint” is central to Oulipo’s work, yet the group has introduced this term into modern literary criticism without providing a consistent definition. The resulting ambiguitiescreate challenges for researchers studying Oulipian constraints.This paper reviews Oulipo’s attempts to theorize constraintand legitimize its literature, examining these efforts through the lensof the group’s struggle for literary legitimacy. Indeed, the conceptof constraint represents not only Oulipo’s poetic uniqueness, but alsoan important tool for the group to legitimize itself and gain powerwithin the literary field. This paper argues that “constraint” has served as both an expression of Oulipo’s aesthetic singularity and a strategiclever in its bid for legitimacy.

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L’anomalie de soi chez Édouard Louis

Author(s): MARC VANDERSMISSEN / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2023

Édouard Louis has published five novels since 2014, somewherebetween autofiction and autosociobiography. In this work, the writerrecounts his process of construction as a young gay intellectual.To achieve this, he has to confront the systems of norms heencounters as he traverses different social milieus: the povertyof his family in the countryside, the bourgeoisie of his friends in theprovinces, the power of his lovers in Paris. Against this backdrop,this article aims to explore the forms of the sense of abnormalityfelt by É. Louis during these experiences. We'll see how renewedconfrontation with a norm foreign to himself (a cleaved habitus) ledthe author to develop an original approach to literature: through anaesthetic of confrontation, the author pursues a political objective,namely to invite the reader to join a new form of class struggle.

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Survivre à la fin du monde : anomalie et ruine dans Oscar de profundis de Catherine Mavrikakis

Author(s): NICOLAS BERNIER-WONG / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2023

The present study analyzes the representation of the anomalyin Oscar de profundis by Catherine Mavrikakis. This inexplicableevent is paradoxically ever-present and completely absent in endof world literature. In particular, we will examine the role of ruinsin the portrayal of the post-catastrophe scenario. This paper arguesthat the anomaly invites the reader to investigate further. However,they will only find ruins which are a constant reminder of what waslost and not an explanation of how these memories were erasedfrom the collective conscience. The concept of depicting the anomalythrough ruins will allow us to better understand how end of worldliterature may propose a critique of contemporary society.

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Écarts par rapport à la norme dans Ce qui manque à un clochard de Nicolas Diat

Author(s): AHMED BOUFTOUH / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2023

This article looks at the representation of anomaly in Nicolas Diat'sCe qui manque à un clochard. We examine the character of MarcelBascoulard, a marginal figure inspired by a real person with the samename. More specifically, we highlight his anomaly and the stanceshe takes towards those around him. Our work leads us to the ideathat anomaly and literary and artistic creation go hand in handin Bascoulard's case.

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Sienkiewicz i Amiel. O pewnym spotkaniu umysłów i o dwóch nowoczesnych strategiach intymistycznych

Author(s): Maciej Gloger / Language(s): Polish Issue: 57/2023

The article presents the influence of Henri-Frédéric Amiel’s The Journal Intime pub- lished between 1882–1883 on the works and world-view of the 1905 Polish Nobel Prize winner Henryk Sienkiewicz, and in particular on his novel Without Dogma. The Polish writer must have read Amiel’s journal around early 1890. It seems however, that Amiel’s popularity, amplified by Ernest Renan’s and Paul Bourget’s sketches about him, had already induced a shift in Sienkiewicz’s artistic interests, who in the late 1880s moved from historical epics in favour of the issues of modernity and a first- -person-narrative novel. The comparative analysis investigates the Europe-famous novel Without Dogma (1891) touching upon the crisis of modern European identi- ty. The analysis of the novel, as well as Sienkiewicz’s epistolography, points out to a number of world-view analogies with Amiel, especially in terms of where they saw the roots of the crisis of European culture and humanity in the second half of the 19th century. Both writers emphasized the destructive influence of rationalist self- -analysis, positivist methodology drawing on humanities, and a mechanical perception of the idea of progress. Sienkiewicz also shared Amiel’s political prophetism and ap- proach to revolutionary movements, characteristic for representatives of modern Euro- pean conservatism professed by Edmund Burke and Alexis de Tocqueville.

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Anna de Noailles - médiatrice entre les cultures

Author(s): Kirsten von Hagen / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2023

If Anna de Noailles is repeatedly apostrophised by Proust as a muse and staged in paintings as a mysterious oriental beauty, her poems and also her late autofiction also show more and more clearly how fragile this construction is: in Le livre de ma vie it becomes clear how the author herself participates in this performance on the one hand, but on the other hand how she also tries to evade the image that society paints of her and to establish herself as an author between cultures, who emphasises more strongly the contingency and mobility of modernity.

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Identités « blanches » dans la prose courte de Guy de Maupassant

Author(s): Valentina Cosmina Goje / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

This article was written to draw attention to the intimate relationship between the (chromatic) meaning of the first names of certain Maupassantian characters and their moral traits. First, we will insist on a short theorization of the etymology and the (ambivalent) symbolism of white so that we can later make the necessary association with the ambivalent moral portrait of the characters. To achieve this kinship, we will consider the moral traits that characterize "white" identities through the way of reacting, thinking, etc. around other characters. Is the white color of these first names as pure as the symbolism it carries? This analysis, which targets exceptionally female characters, will culminate with the development of certain typologies specific to the writer’s time.

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Pour une identité esthétique de l’écriture romantique: les effets théâtraux dans la prose. Le cas des nouvelles staëliennes

Author(s): Ramona Maliţa / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

Our study focuses on the aesthetic specificity of Romantic writing. One of the features of Romantic writing is the mixing of literary genres: the novelist likes to borrow means from the theatre; in the same time the lyrical insertions slip into dramatic scenes. Literary corpus: we propose to follow these aspects in Madame de Staël’s early short story: Adélaïde and Théodore, written and published before 1800 (before the first wave of French Romanticism). Working hypotheses: the writer, even though she was young, practised the exercise of mixing literary genres, i.e. she inserted theatrical effects into short prose; the short stories in question are a case of putting on a "show": prose and drama, giving a privileged place to theatrical accents in the short stories. The role of this narrative technique is to highlight the contrast between the characters and the moments of their drama, which are nevertheless told in prose. As an actress, novelist, essayist and successful short story writer, Madame de Staël never enjoyed the same success as a dramatist, which is perhaps why she always slipped theatrical effects into her literary productions.

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