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LA COMPLEXITE DE LA FIGURE DE LA FEMME DANS LA LITTERATURE POPULAIRE DES PEUPLES BALKANIQUES

Author(s): Tinkara Kastelic / Language(s): French Issue: 01/2023

Among the many legitimate questions that surface in contemporary readings of Balkan folk literature, a central one is that of the representation of the female figure. Her image is complex, at times embodying submission and sacrifice, but at the same time exalted for the moral values it carries. In this paper, we analyze the representation of the female figure based on several works of the time. First, we focus on the poem “Sad Ballad of the Noble Woman of Hasan-aga”, the only original work in Prosper Mérimée’s mystification anthology Guzla. We then consider two versions of the legend of the walled bride: the Serbian poem ‘The Construction of Skadar’ and the Bulgarian poem ‘Master Manol and the Young Walled-in Bride’. Finally, we attempt a comparative analysis,taking into account all the works studied.

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THE PORTRAIT OF THE FEMALE CHARACTER IN DANGEROUS LIAISONS BY CHODERLOS DE LACLOS

Author(s): Ana-Elena Costandache / Language(s): French Issue: 18/2019

In the 18the century, the literary universe of the novel gave rise to a type of libertine writing, a kind of epistolary writing, which revealed all the (well hidden) secrets related to the ethics or principles of morality. The originality of Choderlos de Laclos’ novel, Dangerous Liaisons, is due to the author’s willingness to openly depict the amorous passions of his characters, especially the female ones, which created scandal for the reading audience of the time. The Liaisons or the temptation of seduction that is acquired while reading the novel are directly related to revenge, the relentless inclination to harm others. As a result, we propose an analysis of the psychology of female characters that give a touching value due to their important role in the plot of the novel.

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THE LONELINESS OF ORPHEUS IN THE TWO LAST EUGÈNE IONESCO’S PLAYS

Author(s): Magdalena Indrieş / Language(s): French Issue: 18/2019

The two last Ionesco’s plays, Man with bags and Journeys to the Realm of the Dead, have a rich mythological substrate. The myth of Orpheus is present between the lines. Even if the name of the famous poet is not specified, there are many elements of this myth, presents in the two plays. The modern Orpheus, a man alone, is travelling in a labyrinthine hell inside, looking for his own identity and for his mother. The own identity is very important, because the knowledge of one’s self, which suppose loneliness, leads to the knowledge of the others and to the sense of his life. The quest of the mother is an attempt to escape to a feeling of guilty and in the same time, to make order in the personal world.

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Les récits littéraires d’apprentissage : un corpus pour la didactique du FLE

Author(s): Marie-Françoise Berthu-Courtivron,Marie-Françoise Bourvon,Élisabeth Richard / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2022

If language biography „is based on the individual’s ability to recount the constituent elements of his or her experience in the linguistic and cultural domains” (Molinié, 2006: 1), we argue that this ability to recount is exemplary among allophone authors who have become writers in French and that their language (auto)biographies constitute a corpus that should be promoted for the teaching of literature in FLE. Each author is in fact an autobiographer who, text after text, continues to „reappropriate his or her own language history as it has been constituted over time” (Perregaux, 2002: 83). The works, written by learners who have already become authors, all recount the hazards of learning French, whether in an institutional or informal context, and the difficulty of the inbetween languages and cultures (Alcoba, Alexakis, Cheng, Djavann, Huston, Kang, Svit, Wei-Wei...). These works are all marked by doubling and interlocution, and even when French has been known for a long time, by the omnipresence of reflection on language. For the learner who has become a writer, language is no longer just a tool but becomes a theme. The problem of writing in French thus continues to underlie the works explicitly: whether it is a question of the authors asserting their linguistic expertise in creation or showing the way to otherness.

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ALGERIAN IDENTITY AND MIGRATION IN BUALEM SANSAL’S WORK

Author(s): Elena-Brândușa Steiciuc / Language(s): French Issue: 19/2019

Bouqlem Sansal, born in 1949, is a well-known contemporary Algerian author, whose work in French deals with various aspects of the Algerian identity and with such major themes as the migration of Algerians and Africans during the recent years, owing to the precarity and insecurity of their own country. Taking into account three novels from different periods of creation and especially the novel „Harraga”, this article deals with the literary project of Boualem Sansal and with the way he depicts the various „deseases” of the Algerian society.

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V. HUGO : « LES CONTEMPLATIONS. MÉMOIRES D`UNE ÂME » - A MEMORY OF SOUL AND DESTINY

Author(s): Rodica Brad / Language(s): French Issue: 20/2020

We intend to emphasize the fact that the volume Les Contemplations- the poetical masterpiece of V. Hugo that he subtitled Memoires d'une âme, summarizes all his previous destiny and changes the lines of force of his lyricism due to the two main tragical events that the poet experienced the death of his daughter and the exile. At the same time, the volume enlarges his inspiration by approaching the great metaphysical themes such as death, God, love, nature and the poetical creation. Stylistically different from the previous volumes, Les Contemplations also asserts for the major changes in poetry due to the decline of the Romanticism and the development of the Parnassian tendencies. From the formal point of view, the volume is characterized by a great simplicity of style and by the rejection of any form of pathos.

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SEARCHING FOR HAPPINESS IN « A HISTORY OF THE SIXTIES » BY GEORGES PEREC

Author(s): Simona Laura Şuta / Language(s): French Issue: 20/2020

In the society of consumption, the owning of objects replaces love, self-conscience, discovery of the essential things in life. «Les Choses» turns to be the centre of the existence when« to be »is replaced by« to own».

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SEMNIFICAŢIA RĂZBOIULUI ȊN LITERATURĂ, ȊNTRE SENS ŞI NONSENS

Author(s): Irina Maria Aldea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2023

This article aims to introduce some authors who, through their literary works, tried to bring to light the horrors of an epoch which, throughout history, has altered the course of the entirety of humanity. Authors such as Homer, Roger Martin du Gard, Virginia Woolf, Stefan Zweig or Amos Oz have differently reflected the realities of war in their literary works, however, all of them shared one common attempt: to make their pacifist opinion heard and, more than that, for two of these authors, the haunting feeling to abandon a world where the essence of life seemed to have faded away.

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Wstyd, awanse i literatura francuska

Author(s): Wiktoria Tabak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 31/2021

Recenzja trzech spektakli: Końca z Eddym (Teatr Studio) i Halki (Narodowy Stary Teatr) w reżyserii Anny Smolar oraz Powrotu do Reims (Teatr Łaźnia Nowa, Nowy Teatr) w reżyserii Katarzyny Kalwat, w której autorka zastanawia się nad zmianą sposobów reprezentacji klas społecznych w najnowszym polskim teatrze i wskazuje na wyraźną tendencję wśród twórczyń do budowania opowieści na podstawie prywatnych i słabych historii.

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Francophone : un terme qui pose problème ou / et une réalite qui dérange ?

Author(s): Marc Quaghebeur / Language(s): French Issue: Sp. Iss./2022

Often dubious or allergic, even downright negative, the reactions to the word “Francophone”, a term whose meaning is nevertheless clear, do not fail to raise questions. They are particularly strong in the literary field where more and more Francophone literatures are developing, the emergence, study and recognition of which always come up against resistance without equal in other linguistic areas resulting from European colonization. The explanation lies at the very heart of the History of France and of the Franco-French structures for apprehending the world – particularly through the place and the conception of the language and literature that signify it – what the author calls the French ideology. The effects of Parisian editorial centralism, unique in the world, are also studied, as well as the contrasting consequences of the political use made of the French language and its supposed universality. Diverse historical strata and contemporary contradictions are meticulously analysed, as well as the obstacles to considering and building a plural Franco-Francophone space. What the rejection of the word “Francophone” refers to is the realities that it designates and forces us to recognize fundamentally. They call into question a habitus.

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Franco…qui ? Franco…quoi ? Considérations lexicales au niveau débutant ou quelques questions provocantes sans réponses définitives

Author(s): Tomasz Chomiszczak / Language(s): French Issue: Sp. Iss./2022

“Francophones”, “francographes”, “francophiles”, “francophobes”... What an extraordinary word-formation richness! Not to mention similar words, more complicated and difficult to translate : “francology” (scientific discipline), “francité” (“frenchness”), “francogène” (“of francophone origin”). Although they all contain the same prefix “franco-”, all these concepts introduce a sense of inconsistency: for some of them refer to the world of francophony, while others are closely related only to France or its inhabitants. Why? Is it correct and fair? What good/bad comes from this confusion? This is an issue that the author ponders on, without giving obvious answers, but rather provoking to pose further disturbing questions about the identity of contemporary and future francophony.

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Echanges littéraires dans l’espace francophone. Le cas de la correspondance Senghor-Brien (1967‒1980)

Author(s): Grzegorz Duliński / Language(s): French Issue: Sp. Iss./2022

This article proposes to study the unpublished and very little known correspondence between Léopold S. Senghor and a Quebec poet, Roger Brien. Our study mainly concerns the way in which Brien forges links with the president of Senegal. The relation Senghor-Brien (its conditions, issues and modalities) is analysed from the point of view of the Canadian poet. By consulting Brien’s letters, we discover three major issues that are organized around his poetic work: the recognition, the dissemination and the publication of his literary works. Highlighting these questions allow us to better understand the functioning and the dynamism of this unexplored relation between the two writers.

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WAITING FOR GODOT BY SAMUEL BECKETT AND THE LAST GODOT BY MATEI VISNIEC WHO IS GODOT?

Author(s): Andreea-Diana Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2021

The present article aims to reveal the various roles played by the mysterious character Godot. In Samuel Beckett's play, Godot is expected by two characters, who consider him a savior, a master, a protector, but who doesn't appear. In fact, Godot will never appear, and the wait for the characters will be endless. Matei Visniec offers a solution to this mystery and creates Godot, who has the opportunity to meet his author and reproach him for his absence from the text. Godot will not receive the image of a savior of souls, but he will still be the one who will save, through his presence, the theater and the culture.

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Voie négative, vue négative : Edmond Rostand ou la communion perdue

Author(s): Géraldine Vogel / Language(s): French Issue: 34/2023

For Edmond Rostand, dramatic writing is a medium ensuring communion between the author and the spectator, a bond questioned by Plato. This article studies how Edmond Rostand’s poetic plays illustrate the quest for the public’s understanding of the poet and how the characters thrive for their lost social recognition. His works shed light on the poet at work, each of the characters being an accomplished or budding versifier to reveal that poetry is legitimate work, which requires skills. Edmond Rostand’s poetic style deconstructs literary and social norms that have led to his contemporaries’ loss of authenticity. Misunderstood by theater goers and critics, disappointment led the playwright to improvisation and to pantomime, in which gestures could not alter the fragile and fleeting idea, making poetry easier to comprehend and bridging the gap between the author and his audience, establishing the poet as a worthy citizen again.

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INFLUENCES BALZACIENNES DANS LES ROMANS DE MARIN PREDA

Author(s): Mihaela-Claudia Popescu / Language(s): French Issue: 28/2022

Marin Preda is a realistic writer, concerned with being exact and precise in his story, correct and concise in its style, its work being always part of the fundamental books of the Romanian literature. In Marin Preda's novel, omniscience is partially abandoned. The characters say something, they become informants, accomplices with the author, the narrator has therefore lost his sovereignty, and the heroes become reflectors. Moromeţii is a realistic novel, in which the anti-calophile style, similar to the style of the interwar prose writers, provides precision, conciseness and clarity. Like Balzac or the Russian realists, Marin Preda fixes in realistic paintings, sometimes sad and slightly oppressive, aspects of life and failure.

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THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE NEW HISTORICISM AND OF THE POSTMODERNIST POETICS IN ROMULUS RUSAN'S AND JEAN BAUDILLARD'S AMERICAN MEMORIALIST WRITINGS

Author(s): Rodica Ileana Stan (Olteanu Moldovan) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 31/2022

The post-bellum literary criticism has acquired new research directions through the studies of theoreticians who created the psycho-analyst and feminist deconstructionist criticism, the New Historicism and the post-modernist poetics. The theoretical references of the paper lie in the New Historicism from Linda Hutchinson's perspective, in some aspects of the post-modernist poetics as seen by Liviu Petrescu and Mircea Cărtărescu, and in notions of hyper-reality, simulacra and simulation in Jean Baudrillard philosophy. The methods that were used are the comparative analysis of some late 20th century literary texts and the word and syntagm linguistic frequency analysis using word counter application. Some fragments from Romulus Rusan's Greyhound America memorialist travel journal will be approached in intertextual, historical and multi-disciplinal ways, and some articles from 1977 Flacăra magazine articles will be mentioned as well. The goal is to find a contemporary meaning to the political and ideological senses of the past and to understand how a certain political, social and cultural context have influenced the production of a literary work and how such work's reception will be differ subject to each generation's cognitive horizon.

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MOŻLIWOŚĆ INNEJ JAWY UKRYTY WYMIAR POETYCKIEGO ŚWIATA GÉRARDA DE NERVALA

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MOŻLIWOŚĆ INNEJ JAWY UKRYTY WYMIAR POETYCKIEGO ŚWIATA GÉRARDA DE NERVALA

Author(s): Hanna Ratuszna / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

Gérard de Nerval is a poet whose work exerted a signifi cant infl uence on the achievements of Polish modernists. One of the authors who, in creating her fi ctional world, used a similar narrative method to that applied by Nerval, was Maria Komornicka. What connects the works of the two artists is a melancholic worldview, in which an anamorphic vantage point plays an important role. Characteristic of the 19th-century vision-centeredness, the fi gure of anamorphosis makes it possible to investigate numerous philosophical contexts, as well as the problems related to the aesthetics of lack and to the “fl ickering” of the “I.” In the article, an analysis of the anamorphic images included in Nerval’s poem is complemented by a refl ection on Komornicka’s work Biesy. The juxtaposition of the texts so removed in terms of the time of their origin makes it possible to grasp the importance of anamorphic imaging in the process of shaping the 20th-century aesthetic discourse.

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LOUIS HENRI BOUSSENARD-BETWEEN PICARESQUE NOVEL AND MEDICINE

Author(s): Mirela Radu / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2023

Medical studies, knowledge of the human spirit and adventurous character characterized some of Asclepius' disciples. This is also the case of the French doctor and writer Louis Henri Boussenard (1847-1910) who traveled through the French colonies as a doctor, bringing together his life experiences in unique literary pages. Following the Franco-Prussian war, Louis Henri Boussenard remains with a nationalistic nostalgia that can be found in some of his literary writings. Satirical accents, the use of slang language and the investigation of social mores are some of the characteristics of Boussenard's novels demonstrating the acuteness of this doctor's observation.

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A CASE OF PERSISTENT TRANSMEDIAGENY: CARMEN

Author(s): Mihaela Chapelan / Language(s): French Issue: 34/2023

Drawing on the concepts of transwriting, mediageny and transmediageny, developed in the 90s by theoreticians coming from the field of media studies, namely André Gaudreault and Philippe Marion, the present article aims to showcase the meaning of the various modifications undergone by Prosper Mérimée's story Carmen, in its transition from one medium to another. Although, when published, Mérimée's text didn't enjoy particular success, it eventually left its mark on the cultural imaginary, especially through the character Carmen - who became for some the feminine counterpart of Don Juan, and for others the illustration of the ancient Greek myth of the proximity of Eros and Thanatos. Without ignoring the other adaptations that contributed to making Carmen a case of persistent transmediageny, we will focus our analysis on the utterly uninhibited manner in which Jean Luc Godard has approached this already sacralised literary source, adapting it for the film titled Prénom. Carmen.

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EUGḔNE IONESCO’S INTELLECT BETWEEN MADNESS AND GENIALITY. AN ANALYTIC VIEW OF THE REFLECTION OF HIS GENIUS IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE

Author(s): Paul-Cristian Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 34/2023

The purpose of the paper is to offer a detailed view of the key role of Eugène Ionesco’s genius in the ordinary world. I am interested in discussing the way in which his genius can be reflected globally in his works, notably as it is imagined in the NU volume which was written during the interwar period. I am equally interested in observing the manner in which this contemporary writer manages to express the idea of the reflection of his genius in his Romanian masterpiece. Moreover, I will consider talking about his genius as a result of the impossibility of understanding the social condition of the ordinary being. Also, it is capital to note that the Franco-Romanian writer Eugène Ionesco has an overwhelming desire to transgress the common boundaries against whom human beings must confront. In order to offer a consistent critical view of the concept aforementioned, I will consider using the technique of close reading the text of the mentioned essay volume, focusing on the way in which manner is useful to convey the idea of the absurd. The creative use of language and the exploitation of absurd and contradictory situations, in general, will be regarded as a mean to make visible the new and revolutionary way in which theatre came to be understood by this playwright.

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