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Review: Pokolenia albo porządkowanie historii [Generations or the Ordering of History], ed. by Hubert Orłowski, Robert Traba and Holger Thünemann, Introduction by Hubert Orłowski, trans. Izabela Drozdowska-Broering and Jerzy Kałążny, Poznańska Biblioteka Niemiecka, ed. by Hubert Orłowski, Wydawnictwo Nauka i Innowacje, Poznań 2015
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The goal of the paper is to explore the social history of the teaching of German language and literature in secondary schools in a period in which the German language was necessary for intellect-based careers and in elite education (1895–1945). The researcher’s interest is in comprehending what was specific to humanities education and to the profession of teaching in a secondary school. The most relevant social factor motivating someone in a choice of German studies was ethnic provenience. The marker of being “German” identified in one’s personal name was less decisive in this respect than the ethnic character of the socializing environment of graduates of humanities. A further factor refers to the religious denomination of graduates – Jews, Lutherans and Unitarians can be said to have had more of an affinity for German studies; while the attitudes of Calvinists to German studies were negative. With an obvious over-representation of women, German studies graduates had usually descended from affluent families – and this was also reflected in study results. The most typical occupational areas where the parents of students pursuing German studies usually occur are those of the armed forces (soldiers, security and police), and professions associated with the intelligentsia where the German and Jewish middle-class were over-represented (doctors, physicians, lawyers, bankers, businessmen etc.). Surveys taking on board regions show that the most important environmental factor here was everyday utilization of the German language; thus, members of the German-speaking minority, Hungarians living in German-speaking areas of the Dualist Monarchy and also foreigners who utilised the German language in Hungarian-speaking areas as a “lingua franca” were all keen to choose German studies.
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In the 1970s, novelist and literary theory scholar Hans Robert Jauss developed the modern concept of the “aesthetics of reception” or “reception‐aesthetics” (German Rezeptionsästhetik) of a literary work. This notion can be applied to a translation process that aims at finding the strategies for an optimal aesthetic reception. In this article I shall examine the translation strategies of Barbara Wanders de Vincenz who translated into French the ethnographical studies on the traditional Christmas celebrations in the Carpathians. They were written by her father, Stanisław Vincenz, a 20th century Polish writer, and were included in his masterpiece Na wysokiej Połoninie (On the High Uplands).
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This article discusses the processes of bringing translations of literatures from nations on the (semi)periphery to the German publishing market. Using Dutch and Polish literatures as case studies, and drawing empirical data from the archives of the publishing house Suhrkamp Verlag, covering the period from the early 1960s until 1993. Zajas examines what aspects of the German publishing landscape have propelled Dutch literature to a relatively prominent position in the second half of the twentieth century, while literary translations from Polish came to only about half the number and were thus relegated to the periphery. Latour’s actor-network theory (ANT) allows Zajas to broaden the theoretical scope of the scholarship on the social and organizational conditions of translation.
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In this article I undertake a close reading of Ernst Jünger’s War Diary (1914-1918) as a founding text both of his following literary work and his rightwing political radicalization during the Weimar Republic. The representation of the war experience in the War Diary follows a pattern of detachment which relies on an implicit aesthetical perception. This pattern evolves to a literary form in Jünger’s Strom of Steel (1920) and his war books. The war experience of the young apolitical volunteer is subjected latter on to an ideological reshaping and rewriting in Jünger’s evolution to an emblematic figure of the so-called “conservative revolution”. This ideological reshaping configures an (rightwing) political subject who leans on the shining and blindness of the aesthetical perception. The article is a part of a larger comparative study confronting the key role played by the experience of World War I in the work of Ernst Jünger and the leftwing Bulgarian literary critic Ivan Meshekov.
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Review of: Efim Etkind: Russische Lyrik von der Oktoberrevolution bis zur Gegenwart. Versuch einer Darstellung. München 1984, Beck’sche Schwarze Reihe Band 283, 270 Seiten, öS 192.40/DM 24.- Jürgen Fuchs: Fassonschnitt. Rowohlt, Reinbek 1984, 384 Seiten Arthur Koestler: Als Zeuge der Zeit. Die Abenteuer meines Lebens. Scherz Verlag, Bern und München 1983, 448 Seiten Hendrik Bussiek: Die real existierende DDR. Neue Notizen aus der unbekannten deutschen Republik. Fischer 4246, Frankfurt 1984, 270 Seiten, öS 84.20/DM 10.80 V. Sima/V. Wakounig/P. Wieser (Hg.): Slowenische Jahrbücher 1985, Drava Verlag, Klagenfurt/Celovec 1984, 203 Seiten Lois Fisher-Ruge: Alltag in Moskau, Econ Verlag, Düsseldorf und Wien 1984, 239 Seiten Erich Loest: Der vierte Zensor. Vom Enstehen und Sterben eines Romans in der DDR. Edition Deutschland Archiv. Verlag Wissenschaft und Politik, Köln 1984, 96 Seiten Melanie Tatur: Arbeitssituation und Arbeiterschaft in Polen 1970-1980, Campus Verlag, Frankfurt 1983, 121 Seiten, öS 218.40/DM 28.- Raissa Orlowa-Kopelew: Die Türen öffnen sich langsam. Mit einem Vorwort von Carola Stern. Albrecht Knaus Verlag, Hamburg 1984, 220 Seiten, öS 218.40/DM 28.- D. Riekert/I. Scherer/W. Schröter/I. Thunecke: Das KOR. Vom Komitee zur Verteidigung der Arbeiter zum Komitee zur sozialen Selbstverteidigung, Tübingen 1984, 105 Seiten, öS 78.-/DM 10.-
More...![Listy Gottloba Fregego. Uwagi o polskim wydaniu [rec. Gottlob Frege: „Korespondencja naukowa”]](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2022_77522.jpg)
The present article reviews the Polish-language edition of Gottlob Frege’s scientific correspondence. In the article, I discuss the material hitherto unpublished in Polish in relation to the remainder of Frege’s works. First of all, I inquire into the role and nature of definitions. Then, I consider Frege’s recognition criteria for sameness of thoughts. In the article’s third part, I study letters devoted to the principle of semantic compositionality, while in the fourth part I discuss Frege’s remarks concerning the context principle.
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The genre of the medieval written biography is an understudied area of research, although a broader understanding of the concept of biographical fiction makes it possible to identify biographical features in a large proportion of late antique and mediaeval writings. The article presents a literary and cultural comparative analysis of biographical narratives about selected married couples (Dobrawa and Mieszko I, Emnilda and Bolesław Chrobry, Rycheza of Lorraine and Mieszko II) in the chronicles of Thietmar of Merseburg and mediaeval Polish chronicle works. The author seeks to answer the question of the existence of (non-)parallel biographical narratives and possible reasons for it.
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The aim of this paper is to present a profile of literary critic Marcel Reich-Ranicki (1920–2013), who lived on the borderland of three cultures: Polish, Jewish, and German. The paper attempts to reconstruct the main phases of Reich-Ranicki’s life in Poland, including an analysis of the critic’s interests and opinions about Polish literature, as well as his concept of a ‘spiritual homeland’.The status of M. Reich is studied in relation to the category of the alien commonly encountered in the discourse of the humanities. Reich’s strangeness is presented in three dimensions: space, culture and mentality. The paper also proves that it was the trauma of the Holocaust that had exerted the major impact on Reich-Ranicki’s personal memories and accounts.
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This article presents key motifs in the lyrical works of Ernst Josef Krzywon, a German poet, literary historian. and translator of Polish literature. Krzywon was an intellectual of Upper Silesian origin, who struggled with the conditions of a double biography, enhanced by the so-called great history of belonging to two cultural circles. Both in his poetry and in his scientific works and essays, the author born in Rokitnica (a historical part of Zabrze), tries to face the challenge of presenting the cultural heritage of Upper Silesians as the product of meetings between representatives of several nations – as a common work of the German and Slavic peoples. Our article analyzes the main topic of his poems: the multiracial character of the region and its consequences for the individual – especially the necessity to look for national identity in the area between two cultures and two (or even three) languages.
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As a Polish writer of German-language works, Artur Becker sees his work and his biography in his self-narrative at the interface of the German language he chose and the Polish culture and language he abandoned due to his emigration to Germany. His novels address the crisis of identity and the search for identity of his characters in exile or on their return to their homeland of Warmia and Masuria. Becker’s collection of essays, published in Polish under the title Kosmopolska i Kosmopolacy. W poszukiwaniu europejskiego domu. Eseje (2019), is also a discourse on the search for identity. The article is an attempt to characterise the Becker’s definition of the term Kosmopolska, which incidentally comes from another émigré writer, A. Bobkowski. Kosmopolska turns out to be an open space, constructed narratively, that is a space of searching for and creating one’s identity in narrative and through language. This form of defining identity is part of P. Ricoeur’s and Ch. Taylor’s concepts of narrative identity. At each stations of the journey through Kosmopolska, Becker explains the many cultural patterns and codes rooted in Polish identity, but also shares his advice, literary experts, and thus becomes a mediator between cultures.
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This article attempts to address the specificities of the Silesia on the example of selected poems by contemporary female and male authors who feel connected to this corner in the center of Europe and searching for their own identity. The research methodology revolves around biographical threads related to the turbulent history of Silesia, which has shaped the destiny of these writers. The national aspects of Silesia’s historical past are reflected in the subject matter of the lyrical works presented. At the same time, the regional per-spective is broken by themes and threads relating to poetic reflections on human existence. It should be emphasized that the poems presented hardly belong to the highest category of fiction. These works show how a particular region with its volatile and often tragic history inspires artistically sensitive individual and enables them to experience the aesthetics cap-tured in poetic images.
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The article presents the shaping of identity in Wir Strebermigranten (2017, title in translation We, superimmigrants) and Rückkehr nach Polen (2019). The article posits the following thesis. The crisis of identity and the impression of assimilation being disrupted in Germany as presented in both works result from the complex problem of “being in between” the German nationality and Polish nationality. The will to manage the traumatization caused by cultural interference makes the outline of a ‘double biography’ visible in both works, especially in Wir Strebermigranten. The author also makes an exhausting attempt to portray the articulation of the collective identity of the Polish migrants of the so-called second generation, who immigrated to Germany in the 1980s and early 1990s.
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This paper is an analysis of Hamlet gliwicki [eng. Gliwice Hamlet] (Messel 2008) by the Polish-German writer Peter Lachmann (b. 1935). The article presents the genesis of the drama inspired by the fate of a Wehrmacht soldier lost during the Battle of Stalingrad in January 1942. This is the writer’s father Ewald Lachmann. In addition to the parodic means used in the play, the intertextual links between Gliwice Hamlet and William Shakespeare’s Hamletare discussed, as well as the topoi of Shakespearean tragedy interwoven with episodes from Lachmann’s biography and events from the history of Gliwice. The figure of Hamlet takes on the role of a mask and functions as a universal archetype behind which the play’s creator himself hides. The bilingualism of Peter – the play’s protagonist – and the overlapping of two identities, Polish and German, are examined in terms of a palimpsest. The analysis shows that Lachmann’s drama is characterised by the lack of a linear course of events and their anchoring in a fluid, liminal space-time. The protagonist’s identity transformations are accompanied by the transformation of his immediate environment, as the German city of Gleiwitz turns into the Polish city of Gliwice.
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The article describes the context and content of the November 1925 correspondence – so far overlooked by historians of physics – between Władysław (Ladislas) Natanson and Alfred Landé on Planck’s law and Bose statistics, and the effects of this interaction.The article publishes for the first time the transcription of two original letters in German and their translations into English.
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The literature of the so-called Eastern Turn which dominates the German migration literature of the 21st century shows common thematic features regardless of the authors’ country of origin, but also differences related to the migration background of the author in question. German authors with Czechoslovak roots often refer to Franz Kafka in their texts. This has a pragmatic function – writers from the East want to establish themselves in the (West) German market by referring to this world-famous compatriot. Allusions to Kafka reflect the peculiar reception of his texts in a country with a communist dictatorship. Moreover, the references to Kafka in Reinerová, Moníková and Wagnerová are gender-specific: they are simultaneously an emancipatory settlement with a literary tradition shaped by men.
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Reviews of: Max Brod: Franz Kafka. Životopis (Bibliographie) Odeon, Praha 1966. 289 pp., 50 planches Max Brod: Život plný bojů (Une vie pleine de luttes) Mladá fronta, Kapka, knihovna pro každého, Praha 1966. 316 pp.
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