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Foucault žinojimo tyrimas kaip Bachelard’o laikinio ego pertrūkio radikalizacija

Author(s): Daina Habdankaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 12/2017

The paper claims that Michel Foucault’s thinking belongs to the tradition of French epistemology, represented by such thinkers as Georges Canguilhem and Gaston Bachelard. Previously little analysed temporal aspect of rupture, best developed in Bachelard’s thinking, is showcased to constitute the axis directing Foucault’s thinking. Both the temporal rupture in Foucault and levels of ego cogito in Bachelard are showcased to be organized by the same logic of historical orientation towards the future which is aimed at surpassing the Cartesian–Kantian understanding of the ego.

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Panoptizmas ir rūmų dvaro visuomenė

Author(s): Vaiva Kubeckienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 12/2017

This article draws attention to the relation between two phenomena: the panopticism and the court society. The first one is usually derived from the modern structure of industrial society, while the second one has flourished in the monarchical regime of the 17th century. Therefore, the relation between them is not so evident and should not be taken for granted. By the same token, the French thinker Michel Foucault in his research Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison opposed these two (monarchical and industrial) societies. On the other hand, Foucault has noticed that Jeremy Bentham has created a surprisingly similar prison to the menagerie which was built in Versailles by the architect Louis Le Vau. We claim that this similarity is not a coincidence and reach to explicate this relation. Our intention is not to advance panopticism chronologically but to define and extend the variations of the optical societies. This aim is proved by two-level research: the first part of the article shows the structural relation between panopticism and court society: space, time and other practices; the second part reveals a deeper relation between them which is seen in the image of hunting in the baroque culture. The main hypothesis of this article is that the menagerie of Louis XIV is an expression of transformation which started with the common hunting and finally turned into the image of the panopticism of the court society. This dynamics is analogical to that one which was noticed by Foucault talking about physical punishment vs disciplinary model. The argumentation of this statement is made while analyzing Rembrandt’s “Self-portrait with a Dead Bittern” where the sham hunting in the court society is shown using a flavour of irony.

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Heterotopija zoologijos sodas ir modernus žirafos skerdimas Nojaus arkoje

Author(s): Mintautas Gutauskas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 12/2017

By invoking Michel Foucault’s notion of heterotopy, the article deals with the phenomenon of zoo at the late modernity, under the conditions of the end of nature. The article aims to describe the structure of the heterotopy of zoo, to trace the paradigmatic shifts of the phenomenon of zoo, to look at the case of Copenhagen zoo as the disclosure of our controversial relationship with nature. In the first part of the article, the zoo is analysed as a peculiar place (heterotopy) wherein the natural relationships are suspended, neutralised and inverted. In the second part, three different paradigms of the zoo – menagerie, representation of the system, and the Noah’s ark – are investigated. Most attention is paid to the paradigm of the Noah’s ark, for it reveals the transformed relationships with nature – “the end of nature”, nature’s change into heterotopies, and the control of nature through the colonisation of the future. Finally, the case of the slaughter of a giraffe in Copenhagen zoo is scrutinised. This case discloses the conflicts between different functions of the zoo – entertainment, scientific research, education, conservation, the control of nature and risk management – and shows the peculiarity of our relationship with nature.

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Daugiau nei apskaičiuojama, mažiau nei vienas: populiacijos ir afekto santykis Michelio Foucault biopolitikos teorijoje

Author(s): Denis Petrina / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 12/2017

According to Michel Foucault, the concept of biopolitics is intrinsically linked with the emergence of the figure of population in a political discourse, which eventually has become an invariant of life in the political context. On the one hand, it signifies that politics is biologized, since the task of a new form of power, biopower, is to govern life through populations. On the other hand, the very attempt to make life “political” appears problematic, mostly due to the immanent resistence of life itself. In this article, populations are analyzed from the standpoint of the affect as vitality, power to affect or be affected. It is attempted to answer the question how biopower makes the affect, which is incalculable and opposed to any order, quantifiable. To answer this question, Foucault’s concept of dispositif as well as its relation to the population are investigated. Then, the genealogy of the concept of population is reconstructed. Ultimately, new quantifying power technologies are contrasted with a qualitative change brought by the affect.

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Gilles’is Deleuze’as: tapsmas alkoholiku, tapsmas narkomanu, tapsmas nematomu

Author(s): Jūratė Baranova / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2018

In the article an attempt is made to reconstruct alcoholic and drug abdiction lines of flight relying on Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s reflections and some Lithuanian writers’ insights by asking the question what are the peculiarities of this line looking from the perspective of everyday economy. The author notices that Deleuze connects the everyday regime of an alcoholic style of life with the concepts of limit and threshold, the paradigm of disenchántedness and becoming imperceptible. On the other side, he discerns alcoholism as a social style of life preferred by creative personalities, relying on the mode of life examples of some American creators, John Ford (1894–1973), Jack London (1876–1916), and Francis Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940). Thirdly, the author in this article notices that by connecting the drug users line of flight with the molecular becoming and taking the examples of Henri Michaux (1899–1984) and Antonin Artaud (1896–1948) experiences Deleuze and Guattari discover the paradoxical sticking of this line of flight to the spiral moving not upwards but downwards. In the article the rhetorical question is asked: is it possible that Deleuze and Guattari wax lyrical these destructive modes of life as creative lines of flight? Nevertheless, the final conclusion is that after making the attempt to discover the inner framework of such possible styles of life, Deleuze and Guattari come to the conclusion that the best intoxication is abstinence, and the topmost level of intoxication is reached by pure water.

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Неотрадиціоналізм у контексті української постмодерної культури: спроба інтерпретації

Author(s): Olena Vyacheslavova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2010

In present-day Ukrainian history of literature and criticism in context of analysis of postmodern condition formed the ensured interpretation of neo-traditionalism as artistic position which remains outside of postmodern creative work. Philosophic reflection of peculiarity of Ukrainian postmodernism allows to correct this condition.

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Феноменологічна версія сприйняття в межах дихотомії "тіло-дух"

Author(s): Oksana V. Beldiy / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2010

The article is devoted to the phenomenology as a modern direction of the problem of person’s perception. Merleu-Ponti’s phenomenology is based on paradigm of personal knowledge and subjectivity, and emphasizes the importance of human’s body in context of the perception and interpretation the world.

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Прикладні аспекти аналізу політики як соціального явища

Author(s): Tetyana I. Marmazova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2010

With the main modern approaches to dealing with applied aspects of the manifestation of the politics. Specificity of the alternative directions of scientific research as a political topology. The attention is focused on the specifics of the methodology of postrukturalizm, including the need to study the "human dimension" of politics.

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Структурно-функціональний аналіз системи інформаційних одиниць фахової концепції культурної діяльності

Author(s): Inna Kuznyetsova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2010

The article presents a characteristic of information units of professional and cultural activities; noted that the diversity of concepts and definitions of the phenomenon of culture emphasizes multidiscourse category context culture, which removes the need to find its quintessence and causes of structural and functional analysis of volume and the category culture, concepts of activities, cultural activities, subject of cultural activities. Noted the need for clear definition structural and semantic information units of language awareness - the word, term, concept, category.

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HISTORI E LETËRSI

Author(s): Nysret Krasniqi / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 36/2017

In this paper, the whole argument lies in discussing a close relationship between history and literature on the generic basis especially due to a long path of theoretical and philosophical coherence. From Aristotle to Michael Foucault and Lyotard the generic coherence of hybrid discursive formations dictated perplexity of defining the very idiosyncratic composition of them. Thus, the main part of this paper deals with the philosophy of history in terms of its reflecting on literary writings. We may say that for a better understanding of certain historical developments, it would be undoubtedly worth to scan the rich repository of diverse experiences recorded sensitively by creative writers.

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The Politics of Life

Author(s): Carina Rosa Klugbauer,Florian Geisler / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

The philosophy of life is a paradigm which has pushed the vocabulary of so many scientific disciplines such as biophysics, biochemistry and bioeconomy to name but a few towards an appreciation of the complexitites of life itself. While generating a lot of deep insights into the workings of modern societies, has also produced a number of deadlocks and even paralyzing effects in contemporary social thought. In the following, we want to outline two of the most problematic phenomena in social philosophy which were largely fueled by the analytical paradigm of the life-itself: a)the demise of freedom and subjectivity as normative categories as prepared by the studies on governmentality and biopolitics by Michel Foucault and b) the theory of the constitutive difference of bios and zoé by Giorgio Agamben.

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Дискурс влади і критика споживацтва в романі “Хмарний атлас” Д. Мітчелла

Author(s): Dmytro Drozdovskyi / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 96/2017

In the paper, the specific narrative structure of the novel “Cloud Atlas” has been analyzed. The array of philosophical questions that determine the post-postmodern literature has been outlined. In the novel, the motif connected with the rebirth of the human being has being explicated; the belief related to the irrational bond between the events in the past, present and future, about memory as a special sphere where the crossing of different temporal modes is possible has been visualized. Changeable in this transformation system are such factors as sex, gender, social positions, religious affiliations, etc. The immanent essence of the “humanity” has been defined. This, Sonmi~451 in the fifth story struggles against the totalitarism which cultivates the industry of consumerism transforming entertaining ads and other forms of leisure into the ideology. The forms of criticism toward the consumerism and the bonds between memory, knowledge, and power have been explained. In the paper, the author focuses on the features related to the transition from postmodernism to post-postmodernism in contemporary English literature. The key features of postmodernism in accordance with the theoretical approaches I. Hassan, M. Foucault, F. Kermode, D. Fokkema, etc. have been outlined. The categories of inconsistency and immanence that determine the characteristics of the postmodern sensibility have been emphasized. The conflicts between reason and intuition, myth and technology, religion and science have been analyzed in the discourse of post-postmodernism.

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A NON-PHALLOCENTRIC FEMININE WRITING PRACTICE IN VIRGINIA WOOLF AND ERENDİZ ATASÜ THROUGH THE ‘ALL-ENCOMPASSING FEMALE LANGUAGE’

Author(s): Muzaffer Derya Subaşı Nazlıpınar / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2017

Language has always played an active role in creating a subjugated life for women. In this limited life, civilization is patriarchal, history is HIStory, literature is phallocentric and language is man-made. In order to break the chain of vicious circle, forcing them being the inferior ‘others’ of men, women seek the ways of de(con)structing all the fixed and hierarchical structures of male discourse and its manmade language. Among those women are Virginia Woolf and Erendiz Atasü, who assert that women can transcend all patriarchal boundaries between body/mind, female/male and self/other through the ‘all-encompassing female language’, enabling a nonphallocentric feminine writing practice. Depending on their concerns, this study puts forward how phallocentric ideology affects women and how it is challenged by women’s writing by basing its argument on post-structuralist feminist theories. It analyzes the pursuit of a female language by Woolf and Atasü to find out if the female language shares common features despite the philosophic, religious and cultural differences. The comparative analysis of the two writers reveals that the all-encompassing female language challenges and brings down the phallocentric discourse by de(con)structing the distance between ‘body and mind’ and achieves ‘wholeness’ by moving beyond the fixed confines of sexual differences.

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Recensë e librit të Michel Foucault (1976) "Historia e Seksualitetit, Vullneti për Dije", përkthyer nga Orges Hazizi

Author(s): Klodiana Turhani / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 12/2013

Review of: Michel Foucault, (1976) "The History of Sexuality, The Will to Knowledge", translated by Orges Hazizi; Tiranë: UET Press, 2011 by: Klodiana Turhani

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Savršena kazna

Author(s): Branko Romčević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 56.2/1999

Kao što se Bodrijar ratosiljao Fukoa pišući Zaboraviti Fukoa, cenimo da bi i solidan deo poštovalaca Simboličke razmene i smrti ili Za kritiku političke ekonomije znaka, sopstvenu iritiranost knjigama kakve su Cool Memories, Prozirnost zla, te, recimo, Iluzija kraja, ili pre četiri godine originalno objavljeni Savršen zločin, najradije artikulisao usklikom poput: "Do đavola s Bodrijarom!". Istini za volju, oni promućurniji ne samo što nisu imali strpljenja da dočekaju knjige prošarane rečenicama kao što je: "Realnost je kučka.", nego su još u sam osvit izdavačke poplave naslova iz Bodrijarove tzv. druge faze digli ruke od jednog — na osnovu njegovih ranijih radova tako su mnogi mislili — od najinteresantnijih autora onoga što se smotreno (mada ne suviše precizno) naziva francuskim poststrukturalizmom.

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KAFKA EDEBİYATINDA ORTAYA ÇIKAN KİŞİSİZ VE VİRTÜEL GÜÇLERİN DELEUZECÜ ANALİZİ

Author(s): Kudret Aras / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 15/2018

Gilles Deleuze has a unique interpretation of Kafka beyond the common comments. In “Kafka, Toward a Minor Literature" written by Deleuze together with Guattari, the authors put forth the grounds of their own language, ethical and political thoughts by meaning of the possibilities of Kafka’s literature. Deleuze deems Kafka as one of the greatest men of literature and touches upon the importance of Kafka's writings in terms of "to have done with Judgement".This article initially reveals that Kafka mostly focused on social problems rather than the personal ones and presents how he detected social problems. Secondly, the relationship between judgement and justice mentioned particularly in Kafka’s novel, The Trial of Kafka, is touched upon to reveal the importance of the justice-desire relationship as put forth in Deleuzian thought.

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A Structural Study on the Image of the Turk in the British Caricatures

Author(s): Evrim Ulusan Öztürkmen / Language(s): English Issue: 91/2017

The main tool of the caricature is the “line”. The line on its own, the characteristics of the line such as being horizontal, vertical, or diagonal and its figural characteristics such as being circular, curved, diagonal, or zig-zag create different associations and semantic fields in the mind. While the line in the caricature is processed with such tools as color, texture, shadow and perspective, it creates a discourse consisting of verbal and visual patterns. In this research, the following questions were sought to be answered by examining six cartoons published in England in the magazine Punch during World War I: What kind of image of the Turk do the lines in the England caricatures create? What kind of relationship is there between the visual content and the verbal content of the caricature? What are the concepts that make up the positive and negative contents of the images of the Turk?

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FEMİNİST TEORİ VE SANAT ÜZERİNDE DERRİDA ETKİSİ: YAPIBOZUM

Author(s): Yeliz Selvi / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 11/2014

The main emphasis of deconstruction is on assumption of established with the binary opposition of western philosophy such as mind/nature, male/female. According to Derrida, a certain number of thinking principles lie behind as “logo centrism”, “phallus logic centrism" at the source of these contradictions that created own “other” by making superior the first on the second. Fundamentally, supremacy of the word to the writing is operated at the expense of the exclusion of others. In this sense, Derrida aimed to develop a new language which does not allow the exclusion of other by disrupting the logical structure of binary oppositions with developed a number of strategies of deconstruction as "differance". Especially with this particular purpose about liberating language the deconstruction was found to become a concept often mentioned along with feminist theory by transformed into a liberating say for women who want to get rid of the label of other. In this study, therefore, Derrida’s ideas of deconstruction to the contrast and difference is assumed to be inspiring for feminist in theory and art in overcoming equality-difference dilemma on a stressed line. Thus, the tips that are thought deconstruction to feeds the feminist theory and methodology, pooled. By evaluating these tips, has sought answers to questions as what Derrida said about woman being “subject”, how he has contributed to women's liberation movement in every case where feminists agree with. In the study, the resulting findings, how the women overcome the dilemma of equality-difference in the production process is explained by reading on the intellectual trajectory of deconstructive theory first and second generation of feminist artist’s experimental/artistic work as a limitation.

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YAPISAL FOLKLOR KURAMI BAĞLAMINDA BİR MASAL İNCELEMESİ ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): İsmail Abalı / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 10/2013

In this study, the Propp's Method which also known as "Morphological Method" and usually analyses the formal (not according to contents) features of the texts, will be practised on an Anatolian folk tale. At first, the certain informations about the folk tale, also its features and benefits on developing the folklore and also early studies and classifications of it will be explained before the principles, studying techniques and early studies of Propp's Method will be mentioned. At the end of the study, that method will be practiced on the folk tale.

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Reception Frame of Iris Murdoch’s Critical Studies

Author(s): Aliona Matiychak / Language(s): English Issue: 97/2018

The article analyzes the enrichment of the reception frame of I. Murdoch's oeuvre due to the complementation of different discourses (fiction; philosophy, culture study, criticism and theory of literature). In this context the rethinking of post-structuralism and deconstruction theories as a conceptual basis of literary postmodernism for revealing specific features of the writer’s literary text is shown. Murdoch’s theoretical views regarding the role of criticism in the contemporary literary process are considered, in particular her categorical rejection of deconstruction. The literature of postmodernism is a phenomenon that unites different discourses; in this perspective Murdoch's oeuvre fits the outlined framework. Readers know Iris Murdoch both as a writer, theorist and critic of her own works, as well as works of other writers; and also as a moral philosopher, that resorts to an artistic, poetic way of thought verbalization. However, concerning Murdoch's works, postmodernism is related only as a specific way of world perception, world outlook, and not as a concept of postmodern fiction or literary criticism. Approximation of the writer's literary manner to postmodernism is not defined as a theoretical philosophical reflection; it is rather a semi-conscious emotional reaction to the crisis of the modern world, crisis of faith in established values. In Murdoch's novels, the echo of the signs of postmodern consciousness is realized through manifestations of philosophical pluralism and genre metamorphism.

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