Bogdana Suchodolskiego koncepcja uspołecznienia kultury a marksizm

Author(s): Florian Nowicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2015

This paper presents Bogdan Suchodolski’s (1903–1992) general programme of socialization of the culture and pedagogical programme of creation „the new man”. The main question is: is this conception a marxist’s „programme maximum”? And, if not, what’s the marxist’s „programme maximum” in the subject of culture (in the wider meaning), and what’s the main goal of the marxist’s pedagogics? Is it a programme of humanization of the work, or a programme of egalitarian „kingdom of freedom”, where everybody are an artists? What’s the role of pedagogics in preapering to future „kingdom of freedom”? Could be Suchodolski’s pedagogics usefull in this area? Although Suchodolski’s vision of culture based on optimistic presumptions according possibility of the future humanization of the work, one of the most important goal of his pedagogical programme is preapering to creativity activity during free time and popularization of non-instrumental style of life (also, non-instrumental attitude to the knowledge). The author tries to reconstruct of evolution of Suchodolski’s conception of the future, and suggests, that late Suchodolski modifies his old views on the possibility of radical dezalienation of the work.

Marksističko obrazovanje i kolektivno rukovođenje

Author(s): Salih Fočo / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 249/1979

Na značaj i ulogu teorije za avangardu ukazali su Marks i Engels još u Manifestu komunističke partije, kao i u mnogim drugim svojim djelima. Od samog početka njihovog stvaranja proleteri svih zemalja gledaju u njima svoje učitelje i ponose se njima kao jednima od najuniverzalnijih i najdubljih umo- va, jednima od najplemenitijih i najsamoprijegornijih karaktera koje uopšte poznaje istorija. Savremeni proleter koji je usvojio teoriju naučnog socijalizma i koji ostaje vjeran njenom duhu ne može a da ne bude revolucionar i po logici i po osjećanju, to jest ne može a da ne pripada najopasnijem ,varijatetu' revolucionara.«

Kolonijalizam iz europske vizure

Author(s): Alexandre Kojève / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/2015

Dame i gospodo! Prije nego što započnem sa svojim predavanjem, rado bih zahvalio Rajnsko-rurskom klubu na ljubaznome pozivu. Po tom bih se unaprijed rado ispričao za svoj loš njemački. Za mene je, međutim, velika radost držati predavanje na Hegelovu jeziku.

Alexandre Kojève: Moskovska mandarinska marksistička krtica u Francuskoj

Author(s): Keith Patchen / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/2015

Tko je bio Aleksandar Vladimirovič Koževnikov? Kako bismo shvatili Koževnikova, Rusa koji je preuzeo francusko državljanstvo i promijenio ime Aleksandar Koževnikov u Alexandre Kojeve, trebamo za misliti utjecajnoga agenta ruske obavještajne službe, KGB-a, koji je djelovao u središtu Europe i francuske ekonomske i međunarodne ekonomske politike.

Anđeo povijesti i mesija događaja: Walter Benjamin

Author(s): Žarko Paić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 21/2016

Kada je Walter Benjamin 1935. godine otvorio nova ≫dva bojna polja≪ mišljenja sabrana u prvome nabačaju motiva iz Arkada/Das Passagen-Werk i Umjetničkoga djela u razdoblju tehničke reproduktivnosti (Das Kunstwerk in Zeitalter seiner technischen Repro duzierbarkeit), u jednom pismu Theodoru W. Adornu govorio je o procesu preobrazbi. Spomenuo je izraze ≫metafizika u kristaliziranome stanju≪ i ≫dijalektičke slike≪.

From class-society to a democracy in permanence. Petr Uhl’s “Program of social self-management”

Author(s): Dirk Mathias Dalberg / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The paper deals with the normative democratic theory of the Czech dissident Petr Uhl (born in 1941), a revolutionary Marxist and Trotskyite. It describes the ambitions and analyses the problems of his main political work “Program of Society’s Self-Organization” written in the late 1970s. In this work Uhl attempted to describe, interpret, and criticize the existing political system in Czechoslovakia but also in the Western world and designed a normative democratic theory. The article also discusses the question of who influenced his thinking and answers two further questions: How was his “Program” perceived? and Did Uhl change his political point of view in the years following the publication of his program?

Feminism of Reconciliation and Social Change: Psychoanalysis, Marxism and Sufism in the Works of Doris Lessing

Author(s): Valentina Mikluc / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The most influential personality theories, mainly psychoanalysis and its critique, Marxist, and Eastern psychology, help determine the impact of Doris Lessing’s literary engagement and the way literary patterns in her novels redefine terminology detrimental to gender cohabitation. The three crucial elements making up her feminism are compared and the common denominators briefly presented as the basis of a new approach to shaping a socially productive balance between male and female characteristics. Individual novels have been analyzed and compared in order to summarize examples of the novelistic application of her sociopolitical program.

Yapısalcılıktan İlişkiselliğe Poulantzas’ın Devlet Kuramı

Author(s): Gökhan Demir,Ali Yalçın Göymen / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2017

In this article, Nicos Poulantzas’ theory of the state is evaluated. By evaluating this theory, it is aimed that Poulantzas’ cited ideas on transformation of the state can be influential, only it is understood from a perspective that traces the shift from structuralism to relational approach in his work. Firstly, one of the constituent elements of Nicos Poulantzas’ theory of the state, the philosophy of Louis Althusser is examined. Then Poulantzas’ thoughts on the state are examined in detail. The state’s role in building the social cohesion is noted. The importance of the notions such as isolation effect, hegemony and power bloc is emphasised. Poulantzas’ ideas on the relative autonomy of the political, Bonapartist and bureaucracy are mentioned. Than the change of scope in Poulantzas’s theory is focused on. The relational approach which evaluates the state as the condensation of a relationship of forces between classes is mentioned. It is argued that Poulantzas’ step from seeing the state as a structural entity utilized in building the social cohesion to conceiving it as a relation is an improvement. It is concluded that the relational approach generated by Nicos Poulantzas can be guiding for the critique of instrumentalist and economist approaches within Marxism and also for understanding the fundamental elements and dichotomies of neoliberal state. His theory of exceptional state is examined by his relational approach which adopts more relational concepts like class struggle, political crisis and international conjuncture.

Nove granice kapitalizma i povratak Marksa

Author(s): Momčilo Pudar / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2014

Like Radical Philosophy—Despite its Dangers

Author(s): Eszter Babarczy,László Kisbali / Language(s): English Issue: 01/1997

Eszter Babarczy and László Kisbali in conversation with György Markus

Lekcje rewolucjonisty: Lenin czyta Hegla

Author(s): Bartosz Wójcik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2016

The essay aims at investigating the mutual, dialectical mediation between Hegelian speculation and Leninist theoretical practice. It was inspired by the anecdote about Lenin who, having seen all European Social Democratic parties adopting the “patriotic line” that condemned proletarians to fratricidal violence after the outbreak of World War I, decided to retreat to countryside to read Hegel’s Logic. In desperation, during intense theoretical work on Hegel, Lenin was able to recognize the unique chance for revolution (a fact that belied the evolutionary historicism of the Second International). This brings up certain questions: how far did Lenin’s reading of Hegel influence his own heterodox theory of revolution (“the weakest link in the chain”)? Did this return to Hegel open the way to the Leninist event? The attempt to address these questions will be supplemented with reflections on the other side of the dialectical interaction, namely, on the Lenin’s lessons for understanding Hegel’s philosophy. Lenin in the Philosophical Notebooks tried to read Hegel in materialistic manner, anticipating Lukács’ interpretation of Hegel’s dialectic and even contemporary readings (for example Slavoj Žižek’s or Stathis Kouvelakis). Perhaps it was Lenin, not Marx, who “discovered the rational kernel within the mystical shell” of Hegelian dialectic, and showed more understanding of it than his great predecessor. I will combine these two moments of dialectical equation and try to deduce what lessons Hegel-Lenin gives us concerning the possibilities of radical social change in the epoch of late neoliberal capitalism. Ultimately, the old Leninist question of “what is to be done?” remains. Maybe the answer is: go to countryside to read Lenin?

Lenin jako czytelnik Hegla. Hipotezy z lektury Leninowskich Zeszytów filozoficznych poświęconych Nauce Logiki

Author(s): Stathis Kouvelakis / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2016

Niniejszy artykuł ukazał się oryginalnie w zbiorze esejów Lenin Reloaded: Towarda Politics of Truth. Tekst ten wpisuje się w szerszą debatę, której przedmiotem jest kwestiaciągłości lub jej braku pomiędzy dwoma filozoficznymi tekstami Włodzimierza Lenina,Materializmem a empiriokrytycyzmem a Zeszytami filozoficznymi. Autor podejmuje w nim zatemkwestię ewolucji poglądów politycznych i teoretycznych Lenina między 1908 a 1914 rokiem,wskazując na kluczową rolę, jaką odegrała w niej lektura Nauki logiki i studia nad Heglowskądialektyką, które doprowadziły go do przejścia od niedialektycznej teorii odbiciasformułowanej w pierwszym okresie jego twórczości do dialektycznej refleksji.

Samodyscyplina i wszechstronność – człowiek komunistyczny w ujęciu Lenina

Author(s): Florian Nowicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2016

The article is devoted to the concept of the communist man that emerges from the writings of Vladimir Lenin. The author emphasizes that it is an incomplete concept, and therefore ambiguous - provoking us to fill its “gaps” with material that does not refer directly to the issue of a communist society. The reconstruction in this article follows two concepts: self-discipline and versatility. However, the proposed distinction between positive and negative self-discipline is here of a great importance. Through positive general self- discipline the author understands self-discipline as work for the greater good of society, with the key area of this kind self-discipline being the realm of work. It is therefore mainly a self- disciplined work - necessary due to the absence of mechanisms of economic coercion under communism (embodying the principle of the distribution according to ones needs, rather than ones labor input). By negative self-discipline the author understands refraining from acts that are harmful to society, that is, so-called “excesses” – a necessary element due to the stateless nature of a communist society. Self-discipline (positive and negative) is correlative to communist negative freedom, which consists (in Lenin’s terms) of the absence of any external mechanisms of discipline and thus any “management” of people (even if ultra-democratic in character). In turn, characterizing the Leninist understanding of the postulate of versatility, the author cites, among others, the concept of polytechnic education (put forward by Marx and developed by Nadezhda Krupskaya), the problem of “intelligentsialization” of the proletariat, and therefore the postulate of the assimilation by the proletariat of the positive qualities of the intelligentsia (the extent of its horizons, the capacity for the independent and critical “survival” of humanity’s cultural heritage), however separated from its negative traits (lack of teamwork skills).

Rewolucja i przewrót w historiografii. Bolszewizm w nowej perspektywie

Author(s): Damian Winczewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2016

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the works of John Marot collected in the book The October Revolution in Prospect and Retrospect. Those of Marot's claims that seem to stand out in comparison to the current historiography of October Revolution and politics of Bolshevik party are also presented. In this overview we attempt to juxtapose the author's perspective with the existing interpretations of the events described in his book and to assess how accurate are the points that Marot makes and to what degree they are truly innovative.

STANISŁAW BRZOZOWSKI — MYŚLEĆ RADYKALNIE

Author(s): Krzysztof Kędziora / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2014

Stanisław Brzozowski is one of the most radical philosophers. Radicalism of his thought involves not only the idea of fundamental social change, but also the reinterpretation of some philosophical concepts. Two main concepts are nature and history. They are reinterpreted in order to show their human origins. According to Brzozowski nature and history are human constructions, namely they are set by human praxis. Brzozowski’s understanding changed over the time. In my article I focus on two phases of Brzozowski’s thought. The first is Kantian and Fichtean. At that point Brzozowski interprets human praxis as moral act. The second one is Marxian. At that point human praxis is understood as labour.

DLACZEGO WARTO DZIŚ CZYTAĆ MARKSA?

Author(s): Marek Kozłowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2014

Using the first Polish edition of Marx’s Capital 1.1. Results of direct production process. Sixth chapter of the first Book of »Capital« (Project), PWN 2013, translated with an Epilogue by Mikołaj Ratajczak, as an anchoring point, the author investigates the conditions under which the answer to the title question can be affirmative. Namely, it is worth reading Marx today when our intellectual efforts not only tend towards enlarging our knowledge about his writings but also and most of all towards comprehending his philosophy.

ZNACZENIE REZULTATÓW BEZPOŚREDNIEGO PROCESU PRODUKCJI DLA WSPÓŁCZESNEJ LEKTURY MARKSA

Author(s): Mikołaj Ratajczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2014

The article presents the importance of Marx’s manuscripts know today as Results of the Direct Production Process for the contemporary reading of his critique of political economy. The “unpublished sixth chapter” of Capital enables us to reconstruct Marx’s attempts to resolve two problems that accompanied him during his work on political economy, one being the relation between the process of capital’s circulation and the process of capital’s production, and the other being the unity of the labor process and the valorization process. The importance of Results goes even further, allowing a reinterpretation of Capital that focuses on the becoming of capital, the moment of labor’s subsumtion, application of science to the production process and the establishment of the wage relation. What the first volume of Capital presents as an accomplished project, “the sixth chapter” presents as a process in becoming.

DOBRO WSPÓLNE JAKO NIE-KAPITALISTYCZNA FORMA BOGACTWA. ANTONIA NEGRIEGO TEZA O KRYZYSIE PRAWA WARTOŚCI I JEJ KONSEKWENCJE

Author(s): Krystian Szadkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2014

The core aspect of Antonio Negri’s political philosophy and the reading of “Marx beyond Marx”, that is the thesis on the crisis of law of value, was analyzed here in details. Thesis that Negri’s altermodern humanism, at least since the end of the 1960’s, is developing in the strict interrelationship with the thesis on the crisis of law of value was proposed. Together with an ontological assumption that we are living in the era of real subsumption of society under capital it creates the conceptual matrix of the project of the common. The main parts of this text explored the following problems: a) the context of the formulation of the thesis on the crisis of law of value; b) the meaning of the law of value in the Marx’s theory; c) Marxist debate on the status of law of value in socialism with reference to its usefulness for the projects of the alternative to capitalism; d) core aspects of the thesis; e) its consequences for the new theories of exploitation, antagonism and value for the present state of the development of capitalism. The aim of the text is to show the political meaning of the thesis of on the crisis of the law of value.

Przyczynek do marksistowskiej krytyki prywatnego automobilizmu

Author(s): Sławomir Czapnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 35/2015

The aim of this paper is to analyze private automobilism in capitalist system from the Marxist perspective. Author starts with Paul Virilio thought on speed and politics, issues of the mobility and social and political control. Then article is focused on Erich Fromm’s, thinker from the Frankfurt School, criticism of private owned cars. Next part is devoted to the social and cultural significance of the car-first transportation in the United States. Paper ends with alternative point of view on the automobilism, delivered by punk rock artist, known as Jello Biafra. In conclusion, there is an attempt to outline socialist option on motorization.

Cztery poziomy krytyki europejskiego uniwersalizmu

Author(s): Florian Nowicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2016

The article presents the critique of European universalism as a form of rule and domination. Capitalist democracy is opposed to the idea of democracy axiological, which is open to regional forms of its institutional implementation.