Gaston Bachelard’s Psychoanalysis of Reason and Its Practical Dimension

Author(s): Marta Ples-Bęben / Language(s): English Issue: 48/2024

The aim of the article is to analyze Gaston Bachelard’s psychoanalysis of the scientific mind in its practical dimension. Inspired by Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis, Bachelard deployed his own method to analyze the scientific unconscious, populated by epistemological obstacles inhibiting scientific cognition. As this article seeks to demonstrate, Bachelard’s psychoanalysis aims to purify, and thereby streamline the cognitive mind on two levels: individual and historical. Bachelard’s methodological experiment, transferring psychoanalysis into the spheres of the theory of knowledge and philosophy of science, turns out to be, at the same time, an instance of the architecture of a scientific mind, a polemic with cognitive realism and empiricism, and a postulate of analytical therapy in the field of cognition.

Artificial Intelligence and the Limits of the Humanities

Author(s): Włodzisław Duch / Language(s): English Issue: 48/2024

The complexity of cultures in the modern world is beyond human comprehension. Cognitive sciences cast doubts on the traditional explanations based on mental models. The core subjects in the humanities may lose their importance. The humanities have to adapt to the digital age. New, interdisciplinary branches of the humanities emerge. Instant access to information will be replaced by instant access to knowledge. Understanding the cognitive limitations of humans and the opportunities opened by the development of artificial intelligence and interdisciplinary research necessary to address global challenges is the key to the revitalization of the humanities. Artificial intelligence will radically change the humanities, from art to political sciences and philosophy, making these disciplines attractive to students and enabling them to surpass current limitations. The main goal of this article is to alert people working on different branches of humanities that a new wave of very advanced technology is quickly coming, enhancing human intellect in an unprecedented way.

ПО ПЪТЯ НА СРЕБЪРНИЯ ЧЕРПАК ОТ СТРУГА ПРЕЗ СОФИЯ ДО АНХИАЛО

Author(s): Ana Kocheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

АРТИСТЪТ ОТБЛИЗО, АРТИСТЪТ НАДАЛЕЧ

Author(s): Vladimir Atanasov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

review at Aanchal Malhotra, The Book of Everlasting Things, Gurugram: Harper Collins, 2017, 480 p., ISBN: 9789356999152.

Author(s): Cătălina-Ioana Pavel / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The Book of Everlasting Things written by Aanchal Malhotra is a chronicle of fragrance, loss, longing, and the ability of memory to endure and preserve the past through an invisible realm: smell. It is a treasury of intangible, everlasting things that are stronger than material, physical borders, more powerful than a place, a country, or even physical death.

NATURA ARTIS MAGISTRA. REPREZENTACJE PRZYRODY W ŁEMKOWSKIEJ SZTUCE WSPÓŁCZESNEJ

Author(s): Michał Szymko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2023

The aim of the article is to present the representation of nature in contemporary Lemko art. The motif of nature in Lemko art is not the subject of many studies and scientific studies. After Operation Vistula, Lemko villages were deserted. Currently, Beskid Niski is called the land of tourists, because young Lemkos leave for larger agglomerations, and older generations pass away. With the displacement of the Lemkos, the perception of nature changed - young Lemkos, working through the topic of loss, take abandoned Lemko villages and the wild nature accompanying them as their main research point. They notice the void left by their ancestors and ask clear questions about responsibility for Operation Vistula. The aim of the article is to analyze the issues of Lemko socio-cultural changes and the metaphor of nature - a symbol of the variability of fate and duration. The text was created based on collected materials, i.e. interviews, sociological research and selected examples of contemporary art dealing with the topic of the Lemko region. The works of Epifaniusz Drowniak (Nikifor Krynicki), Natalia Hładyk, Władysław Rewak, Andryj Suchorski, Ewelina Kogut and Michał Szymko were analyzed.

Memories of Joy for a Futureless World: Aesthetic and Political Commitment in Jasieński and Pasolini

Author(s): Krzysztof Rowiński / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Discussions of cultural disappearance are often couched in terms of nostalgia and tragedy. Bruno Jasieński in Bal manekinów and Pier Paolo Pasolini in Ragazzi di vita offer an alternative form of remembering disappearance through memories of joy, understood as a distinctly political practice. Acutely aware of the untenability of what they were celebrating (pockets of liberty from cultural uniformity, in local cultures and aesthetic experimentation, respectively), both writers maintained a sense of political commitment, offering a good broader model for thinking about a world without a future.

Ефективност на привлечените средства от Националния план за възстановяване и устойчивост за развитието на област Велико Търново

Author(s): Yordanka Antonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The report examines the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria, as a package of measures which, through a wide range of grants and loans, aims to support the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and encourage investments leading to a greener digital economy as at the national and regional level, including and Veliko Tarnovo region. The object of analysis are the funds attracted in the region, which prove the effectiveness of the investments and lead to sustainable economic development, turning the regions into an increasingly preferred place to live and work.

ОЧУВАЊЕ НЕПОКРЕТНОГ КУЛТУРНОГ НАСЛЕЂА

Author(s): Duško Kuzović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 189/2024

Review of: Ивана Јаношевић, Непокретно културно наслеђе Палежа и Обреновца: речи, слике и прилике; Библиотека „Влада Акентијевић”, Обреновац 2022; 148 стр

Два орнитоморфни графита от храма „Св. София“, Константинопол

Author(s): Thomas Thomov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

The first graffito-drawing, from the northern gallery, that we present here contains a heraldic eagle. Byzantium inherited from Rome the use of the one-headed eagle as one of the emblems of imperial power, but it seems that its use as a military insignia disappears too quickly. However, the reliefs, as well as the miniatures, retain the tradition of the one-headed eagle for a long time. Due to the fashion of the eastern fabrics, which turned the two-headed eagle into dominate ornament on the palace garments during the Komnenian period, the usual one-headed eagle was almost completely replaced by this new, imaginary version. The body of the graffito eagle has a teardrop shape and with its almost round top finds a close parallel to some of the eagles on the eastern tissues. However, other details point out to the Byzantine tradition of embroidered silk textiles and reliefs. All this could points to a relative dating of the graffito between the 10th and 13th century.The second graffito is a double-headed eagle standing in heraldic pose from the southern gallery. The graffito drawing represents later image of a crowned double-headed eagle, since the examples with such a motif are more common in the 14th and 15th centuries, when it appears on marble reliefs, textiles with embroidery, seals, coins, sgraffito ceramics and manuscript illustrations. From the end of the XIV – the beginning of the XV century one can find that the heads of double-headed eagles begin to appear with crowns or, very often, a little lily. Based on all the details, but most of all the wings and the shape of the torso, as well as the spur on the left leg, it is possible to accept the relative dating of the first of the graffiti drawings within a time span between the 14th – 15th centuries. The Greek inscription (Tornikios) could hypothetically linked some representative of the famous Armenian (or Georgian) family with the depicted two- headed eagle.It seems to me that in the ornitomorphic-graffiti from the Church of Hagia Sophia is impossible to see nothing than a general image of power or a triumph of good.

ПУБЛИКИ И ПОСЕТИТЕЛИ В ПОСТКОВИД МУЗЕЙ – ОТ ИДЕНТИФИЦИРАНЕ КЪМ СЪУЧАСТИЕ

Author(s): Silvia Trifonova-Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2024

The text examines the results of a study on the audiences of the museum in Rousse, Bulgaria. The research helps to understand their attitudes and reactions during their actual stay in a museum environment. The information collected will be used to shape the repertoire policies of the cultural institute and to establish lasting relationships with visitors. During the museum events in 2023, the attitude of the museum audiences to the proposed initiatives was observed – exhibitions, concerts, public lectures and presentations, scientific forums, events with free entry, nights at the museum. Surveys were used to gather user opinion. They aim to define the approaches to interacting with audiences and the activities to be planned in the future to best meet people’s expectations. The current research was undertaken to identify changes in the postcovid situation and to derive workable models to benefit the museum in its future event planning activities. To a large extent, the proposed conclusions are valid for most of the Bulgarian museums, as well as the proposed work models, which include the participation of audiences in the activities of the museums.

ВОЕННИТЕ ПАМЕТНИЦИ ПРИ СТОЛИЧНИЯ ХРАМ „СВ. ПРОР. ИЛИЯ“, КВ. КНЯЖЕВО

Author(s): Dilyan Tsvetkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2024

Throughout its existence, the church in the capital’s Knyazhevo district has been a focal point for the people living there. Witness to events, it remains a guardian of history through military memorials built during the Third Bulgarian Kingdom, although not all artifacts have survived. Thus, the memorial of those fallen in the Balkan Wars compels us to search for what’s lost before it’s irrevocably forgotten.

ТРАКИЙСКИ ЛЕЧЕБЕН ОЛТАР ОТ ИСТОРИЧЕСКИ МУЗЕЙ – БЕЛОВО – ПРЕДСТАВЯНЕ, РЕСТАВРАЦИОНЕН ПОДХОД, ИСТОРИЧЕСКА СПРАВКА, АНАЛОГИИ

Author(s): Dimcho Radev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2024

The report presents a Thracian ceramic altar of natural healing power, unique in its form. An initial description of the shape and dimensions of the altar is given. A restoration methodology is proposed. Analogous scenes have been found in ancient stone votive tablets and in wall paintings dedicated to healing deities. It is recommended to prepare and implement a project for the restoration and appropriate museum display of the Thracian healing altar in the History museum in the city of Belovo.

РАБОТИЛНИЦА ЗА СТАКЛО ВО БАРГАЛА

Author(s): Ilinka Atanasova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 23/2024

The town Bargala is located in the Eastern part of R. N. Macedonia, about 17 km from Štip, in the foothills of the mountain Plackovica. It is in the area of the village Goren Kozjak, on the right bank of the Kozjacka River.With the excavations in Tower 7, between 2009–2011, we increase knowledge about the economic aspects of the sector Episcopium. Inside the tower, was discovered a workshop and a furnace for glass production. Workshop’s dimensions are 12.6 x 6.3 meters, with several rooms. The built furnace, is positioned inside Tower 7, is 3,90 m long and 3,20 m wide. The furnace was based on top of a layer of fractured architectural ceramics. In a vertical section, the glass furnace can be divided in two parts. The lower part served as a furnus. The upper section has a circular base with 1,25 m diameter, gradually decreasing towards the top. In the southern part, near the surface of ceramic slabs, in a layer of loose soil and ash were discovered 5 ceramic pipes with various dimensions (7–14 cm). Next to the southwestern wall, two metal blowing tubes were discovered, one preserved to 0,40 m, and the other 0,23 m. For the furnace and the glass workshop are indications that it had a regional significance, supplying the regional population with glass products and half-products. The workshop probably existed during the 6th and the beginning of the 7th century AD. Confirmations of dating are the discovered coins, spanning from Justinian I (527–565) to Mauritius Tiberius (582–602).

ЗАХАРИ ЗОГРАФ И СЦЕНИТЕ ОТ ЖИТИЕТО НА СВ. НИКОЛА В СТЕНОПИСНАТА УКРАСА НА ЕДНОИМЕННАТА ЦЪРКВА В БАЧКОВСКИЯ МАНАСТИР

Author(s): Teodor Peev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2024

The church “St. Nicholas” in the Bachkovo Monastery is the first fully painted church by Zahariy Zograf. The mural ensemble includes 18 life scenes dedicated to the saint. A study of their iconography reveals interesting details about the composition and origin of the subjects. Zahariy Zograf, and later his brother Dimitar Hristov, used the well-known Svetogorsk stamp from 1793. There are also scenes he reinterpreted and incorporated the additional characters and details. The life cycle of St. Nicholas from the church in Bachkovo Monastery is an illustration of the creative possibilities of the young painter and his later confirmation in our national art.

Proiecte artistice despre incluziune și diversitate la MNAC și MNHCV. O analiză din perspectiva studiilor despre dizabilitate

Author(s): Despina Hașegan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2024

Disability studies do not have a tradition in Romania and our research aims to present and study valuable initiatives of museums in this area. From the perspective of disability studies, in this article we analyze two exhibitions organised by Romanian museums. These projects showcased artistic explorations of disability undertaken by contemporary artists. The exhibitions also represented an occasion to debate on the rights of the people with disabilities and to reflect on changes in our society. We offer a theoretical approach based on both museum and disability studies and we analyze the artistic projects using concepts such as inclusion, diversity, accessibility. These initiatives are important because they demonstrate the engagement of Romanian museums in current societal issues.

Istoria continuă a unui muzeu al artelor decorative: de la Muzeul Pedagogiei la un Muzeul al artelor (naționale) din România

Author(s): Delia Bran / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2024

The aim of this article is to point out certain moments in the history of exhibiting the decorative art objects in Bucharest, following the cultural twinning of this space that received both European decorative art and oriental decorative art, as well as the way to develop an authentic decorative art, starting from local tradition. Moreover, the definition of the concept of “decorative” is also discussed, which has varied and still varies today in meaning. The article traces the emergence and metamorphosis of this type of art during the existence of museums in the Bucharest cultural-space and brings shades regarding the junction between museum and education space.

Džez štampa u Srbiji od 1953. do 1965. godine

Author(s): Ljubica Milosavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2024

The aim of the paper was to introduce the specialized press oriented towards jazz music and its practitioners that was published from 1953 to 1965 on the territory of the Republic of Serbia. The marked period was chosen for consideration since it represents the most fruitful stage in the development of the press of a specific thematic profile, but also because of the significant changes in the entire Yugoslav society. These changes, as it was possible to show, influenced the complex processes that shaped the press of the time, as well as the attitude towards this musical genre and its practitioners. The processes in question include, first of all: certain internal political movements that consistently modeled the cultural policy of the time, within which jazz attempted to obtain a favorable position; integration of the former socialist state into polarized international currents that implied the use of jazz as a means of affirming the foreign policy orientation of Yugoslav society; and the creation of the operational power of artists for self-organization and the acquisition of certain labor and social rights within the Association of Jazz Musicians. The association was founded in 1953 in Belgrade with the aim of advocating for the rights of contemporary musicians, while at the same time initiating the publication of the first newspaper Jazz: Journal of Popular and Jazz Music (Jazz. List za pitanja zabavne i džez muzike). Under this name, the journal was published from 1953 to 1954, and during the publication period from 1957 to 1958 it changed its name to Bulletin of the Association of Jazz Musicians (Bilten Udruženja Jazz muzičara). After that, in Novi Sad, in 1962, Rhythm – Yugoslav Review of Jazz and Popular Music (Ritam – Jugoslovenska revija za džez i zabavnu muziku) began to be publish by NIP Dnevnik, and later changed its name to Rhythm – Yugoslav Review of Popular Music (Ritam – Jugoslovenska revija za zabavnu muziku), under which it continued to be published until it ceased publication in 1965.

Предизвикателства при медийното "подгряване" за гостуващи мегаспектакли („Малкият принц” от Бродуей, Леденото шоу на ШОУ на Сирк дьо Солей "Хогуордс", концертът спектакъл „Чаплин Пианисимо”)

Author(s): Petia Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2024

The coverage of mega-spectacles is adequate to the scale of the events themselves: we are well informed in advance by the press releases bloated with facts and names. In this text, I pay attention to the cracks, when something veiled appears in the explanations and misleads in the expectations. There are three examples - the Broadway performance "The Little Prince", the "Hogwards" ice show of Cirque de Soleil and the concert performance "Chaplin Pianissimo".

Фотографията под въпрос. (Рецензия за книгата на Йосиф Аструков „Фотографията като…“)

Author(s): Petia Alexandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2024

In his monography "Photography as..." Yosif Astrukov reflects on the current state of the photographic image without exaltation and without criticism, as "science and art for reproduction". It raises several main discussions: about the original and its value in the "age of technical reproducibility"; about changing the reality and inauthenticity of images; for abandoning the documentary style of photography; about the boundary between the limitation of the photograph itself and the conscious manipulation of events, people and situations; for the lack of aesthetic originality, but the presence of acceleration in uses.