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Пътят към социализма? Първият петгодишен план за развитие на българското селско стопанство

Author(s): Pencho D. Penchev,Pencho D. Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The author of the study aims to answer the question whether before September 1944 in Bulgaria there were tendencies and political practices that lead to the establishment of socialist economic and social model. For this purpose, an analysis of the 1941 Five-year agricultural plan has been made. The main conclusion on the basis of the Five-year plan is that the establishment of a socialist economic model in Bulgaria was by no means a surprise, and that the basic characteristics of this model were supported even by people who are not political socialists. The Five-year plan is an illustration of the gravitational forces towards socialism in Bulgarian society, which has the potential to accelerate this movement through its policies.

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Неизбежна взаимна необходимост по пътя към проблемите на бъдещето

Author(s): Svetla Toshkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The study presents the understanding of the links between economic theory, history and philosophy in the context of the contemporary development of political-economic analyses and interdisciplinary research, and relations in science. There have been sought the grounds of the interconnection and studying of the contemporary political-economic systems and their methodological grounds in the contemporary philosophical-economic researches and economic-historical realities and characteristics. An opinion is stated on the necessity of creating the theoretical foundations of a research program in the field of contemporary perceptions about the role and place of political economy in the direction of using the historical context of the development of science, the economic and historical roots of political and economic knowledge and philosophical systems, on which the economic theories have been conceptually and methodologically constructed.

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Креативни стратегии и тактики за тяхното реализиране

Author(s): Rumen Andreev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

In the modern world, information is increasing, which complicates decision-making and the adherence to long-term goals. The purpose of the article is to prove that it is now more difficult to build a strategy and that for the imposing of successful strategies are needed more firmness and perseverance. Different conceptions of behavioural economics and cognitive psychology have been used for the study. An interdisciplinary approach was used as investigations of psychology, and neuroeconomics had been combined and analysed.

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Adam Smith’in Devlet Anlayışı Üzerine Kuramsal Bir İnceleme

Author(s): Kürşad Zorlu,Hale Kirmizioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 22/2018

The purpose of this study is to throw light on the state, one of the most important structures in social sciences and its functions. This great structure on which the discussions have not been ended and which has been defined in terms of every social science. For this purpose, the ideas of Adam Smith who handled and examined the state in terms of its functions especially in economic realm were prioritised general overview of the state. Since, Adam Smith’s conception of the state presents a different content than the other prominent mainstream economic thinkers of his time. In order to understand Smith’s thought system and his views of state from a managerial perspective, his views in his two primary works – The Theory of Moral Sentiments and The Wealth of Nations and other discussions concerned with these views in literature were included in this study.

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Vergi Denetiminde Anayasaya Aykiri Elkoyma Yetkisi

Author(s): Mine Uzun Çam / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 04/2017

This study will deal with regulations given to the inspection and investigation staff in the tax audit and qualified as seizure authority in the Turkish Tax Law literature. The seizure process directly interferes with fundamental rights and freedoms. The Constitution has established that fundamental rights and freedoms may be restricted only by law and in corformity with the reasons mentioned in the relevant articles of the Constitution without infringing upon their essence. Constitutionally, unless there exists a decision by a judge neither the person, nor the private papers, nor belongings of an individual shall be searched nor shall they be siezed and also, unless there exists a decision by a judge no domicile may be entered or searched or the property seized therein. However, the Tax Procedural Code gives the tax audit officers powers contrary to these provisions. In some cases, tax auditors have the power to seize the books, documents and goods of people without the approval/decision of a judge. These powers violate the Constitution because they violate the privacy of life, the inviolability of the domicile, property and freedom from self-incrimination (right to silence) rights. The purpose of the work is to reveal the unconstitutional aspects of the relevant authorities granted to the auditing staff who conduct the inspection and tax examination and to propose a solution to eliminate the contradictions to the law.

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REVISITING SOCIETAL REACTION (LABELING) BY WAY OF QUANTUM HOLOGRAPHIC THEORY

Author(s): Dragan Milovanović / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

The labeling perspective, or sometimes referred to as the societal reaction perspective, very central in the 1960s and early 1970s, is revisited by providing a quantum holographic application. Although labeling theory was subject to much critique and eventually lost much of its appeal, discussions in theories of crime still make reference to the process-orientated nature of the approach and its importance. This article revisits the core themes of societal reaction and suggests that situating the core themes within a quantum holographic approach revitalizes its importance as a component of more holistic-oriented theories of crime.

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LEADING ACTIVITY OF EXECUTIVE POWER IN DOMAIN OF SUBSIDIARY LEGISLATION – DECREES AND THEIR CATEGORIZATION

Author(s): Milan Rapajić,Sveto Purić,Dijana Savić-Božić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

he central theme of this paper is theoretical consideration of the concept of regulations and their classification. The regulations are the general legal acts of the executive branch, which, by special procedure, are adopted by these bod

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Od możliwości do imperatywu: historia rynku

Author(s): Ellen Meiksins Wood / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2017

The author shows that the history of the capitalist market is inextricably linked to an unprecedented use of force and violence in human history. Such a view of the market has a profound impact on our understanding of the transition from the feudal to the capitalist order. The author indicates that this transition was not a “liberation” from feudal bondage, but on the contrary was connected with the subordination of the market to capitalist imperatives of production. This subordination resulted not from technological progress or almost transhistorical rights, but from the transformation of social property relations between the peasants and the nobility in England. Such an approach to the capitalist market also sheds a different light on its possible political alternatives.

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Agrarne początki kapitalizmu

Author(s): Ellen Meiksins Wood / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2017

This article presents the underlying assumptions and main arguments of "political Marxism." The author shows how and why the beginning of capitalism should be primarily associated with the countryside and agriculture, and secondarily with the city and trade. The subordination of food production processes to the imperatives of capitalism determines capitalism’s revolutionary character. The main reason for that lies in the transformation of the processes responsible for the reproduction of the whole society and not only for the distribution or redistribution of surpluses.

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Kapitalizm. Historia krótkiego trwania – Dziewiętnaście Long Reads o „Tysiącu lat niewolnictwa”

Author(s): Jan Jerzy Sowa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2017

This text is a critical essay devoted to Kacper Pobłocki’s book Capitalism: A courte durée History and comprises a series of loosely interrelated comments regarding the methodological assumptions, explanatory value, novelty as well as social functioning of Pobłocki's book. Among the problems discussed, three have a dominant character. The methodological problem of explaining the beginnings of capitalism and the social character of the system (the debate between Marxism and the theory of dependence). Second, the relevance of historical counter-examples of non-capitalist social systems. And last but not least, the problem of teleology in historical explanations and its hidden presence in terminology used in the book suggesting a linear development of human history.

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Dwie podróże po kapitalizmie, czyli odpowiedź Janowi Sowie

Author(s): Kacper Pobłocki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2017

This text is a reply to Jan Sowa’s article Capitalism: A court durée History - Nineteen Long Reads about "One Thousand Years of Slavery." The author addresses the arguments and objections formulated in the text, and presents his own opinion on the social role and the function of academic discourse. The main issues raised in the text are the relation of the author's project to the theory of Karl Polanyi (in particular his theory of the three fictitious commodities constituting the basis of capitalism), an interpretation of the theoretical meaning of the dispute about the notion of space in the analysis of capitalism, and the issue of the de-westernization of theory.

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Principles of the Common: Towards a Political Philosophy of Polish Cooperativism

Author(s): Mikołaj Ratajczak,Bartłomiej Błesznowski / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2018

The aim of the article is twofold. First, it is to interpret the main philosophical ideas of the Polish cooperative movement from the first part of the twentieth century and how they were applied in practice, by using the conceptual vocabulary of post-structuralist and post-Operaist political philosophy; and, second, to further develop the notion of “institutions of the common” that Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri introduced — during debates about alternatives to both capitalism and the state-form — with their formulation of “principles of the common”, which is to say, general principles for creating democratic and popular institutions around the ideas of inclusion and solidarity, an ethos of mutual help and democratic governance over production and exchange of material wealth.

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A Path to a Countermovement? Forms of Integration in Polish Consumer Cooperatives

Author(s): Aleksandra Bilewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2018

A Path to a Countermovement? Forms of Integration in Polish Consumer Cooperatives

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Between Money and Sovereignty: Is a New Monetary Thought Necessary for The Institution Of The Common?

Author(s): STEFANO LUCARELLI / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2018

The diffusion of alternative financial and credit circuits, in which the money favours the self-management of social wealth, may curb the expropriation caused by processes of abnormal indebtedness that increasingly characterise economic systems. The article proposes an examination of four experiences with complementary currencies that have sprung up in Europe after the recent crisis, distinguishing between local currencies (Sardex, SoNantes and Sol Violette) and crypto coins (Bitcoin). The possibility of taking advantage of the monetary know-how that animates various experiences (like crypto coins and local clearing houses) would contribute to the re-thinking money as a social institution. Three main topics are discussed: 1. the “political technologies” in which the alternative monetary circuits consist; 2. democratic participation in the decision-making processes that characterise them; and 3. the meaning of the sovereignties that they potentially define

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Unlimited Capitalism and the Politics of the Common. Review of Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval’s Commun: essai sur la révolution au XXIe siècle

Author(s): Felipe Ziotti Narita / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2018

A review of Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval’s book Commun: essai sur la révolution au XXIe siècle. Following a manuscript published by the author at Pós Ciências Sociais (a peer-reviewed journal on the social sciences of Federal University of Maranhão – Brazil), in this text the author discusses Dardot and Laval’s approach to the problem of the common in light of both their theoretical path and the contemporary political impasses of neoliberal capitalism. In this sense, three main axes are articulated in this text: the institution of the common, neoliberal rationality and the problem of governmentality.

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İktisat Yazınında Bölüşüm Sorunsalı

Author(s): Aslı Ceren Saral / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2018

The problematic of economic distribution in economics literature from the classical political economy throughout today is discussed in the paper. Mainly the orthodox economics literature is reviewed. Once being the fundamental issue in classical political economics, distribution has been neglected in orthodox economics for a long period. The rising economic inequalities in neoliberal era seem to increased the interest in issue, but the inquiries are mainly on the underlying reasons of rising inequalities and address some specific aspects of the issue, thus does not provide comprehensive theoretical framework.

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Effects of International Economic Disintegration in the Case of Brexit

Author(s): Ivan Marković,Milica Đokić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Although in recent years, even decades, there has been a trend towards closer connection between countries for joint action and performance on the world political and economic scene, we are currently witnessing something quite the opposite. One of the most powerful integrations in the world - the European Union (EU) is faced with a tough test: for the first time in its history, it is confronted with the intention of the member state to leave the integration. Being a part of the integration has brought many benefits to its members, but also some limitations. At the moment, these limitations in the eyes of the authorities and the people of the United Kingdom (UK) seem much greater than the benefits gained from the membership. While many experts warn that the progress of the United Kingdom cannot be planned separately from the European Union, others claim that by regaining independence it will overcome many obstacles to faster development. One thing is certain – leaving the EU will not be an easy process, but will require extensive negotiations and analysis. Changes resulting from such a decision will be significant, particularly in the economy, and will have a strong impact on the UK’s future foreign relations with the rest of the Europe and the world. Static effects of integration are realized shortly after its formation, and two basic ones are trade creation and trade diversion. Dynamic effects are the result of market expansion and are related to the use of the effects of economies of scale and increased competition. All of the above leads to a reduction in prices, increased efficiency of the company, a greater degree of innovation and, in the final instance, to the faster economic growth and development. Withdrawal from the EU will change these relations dramatically. It is difficult to determine all the possible effects of leaving the Union and to assess the final outcome because a clear direction of this unfolding process cannot yet be predicted.

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Otwieranie się rynku politycznego w państwach Europy Środkowej na przykładzie Republiki Czeskiej

Author(s): Michał Skorzycki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6.3/2018

The article presents a study concerning circumstances that led to the opening of the political market of the Czech Republic, which in the beginning of the 21st century seemed to be closed on the supply side. There were two groups of reasons behind the opening: the global one and the specific to the Czech Republic. The aim of the article is to single out the latter that can be a base to make comparisons with cases of other countries of the region, including Poland. Moreover, the text sums up crucial processes and developments which form political history of the 21st century Czechia.

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Kluczowe determinanty rozwoju koncepcji marketingu politycznego

Author(s): Marek Sempach / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6.3/2018

The purpose of the paper is to provide the general overview on the issue of Political Marketing development. An author tries to present the key elements which have molded the concept of usage of the classic marketing tools on political marketplace. With insights and elements taken from diversified disciplines like Marketing, Economics and Political Science, the article covers the breakthrough aspects of modern marketing development. The usage of marketing on political marketplace is therefore a compilation of many various processes and instruments, so political marketing itself must not be treated as the part of marketing concept but a set of other disciplines.

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Cultural, political and economic roots of the labor market institutional framework in the OECD and post-socialist countries

Author(s): Michał Pilc / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The literature indicates that labor market institutions are determined by cultural, political and economic factors, but does not give explicit conclusions which of these vast group of factors dominates. Purpose of the article: The goal of this study is to empirically assess whether cultural and political factors dominate over economic factors in shaping the labor market institutional framework in the OECD and post-socialist countries. Methods: This framework can be measured by a vast group of indicators. We use 10 such variables that describe the group of 47 post-socialist and OECD countries (that did not experience economic transition) in the years 2005–2009. These indicators allow to construct one Employment Efficiency Index which explains almost 47% of the employment rate heterogeneity in the years 2010–2015. In the second step, the Employment Efficiency Index is regressed on 7 uncorrelated and standardized components that describe the cultural, political and economic characteristics of the analyzed countries in the years 1995–2004 and the Chow test is conducted in order to determine whether they influence the Index with the same strength in post-socialist and non-transition OECD countries. Findings & Value added: The obtained results show that cultural and political factors have a stronger influence on labor market institutions. Moreover, the estimates reveal that the countries which experienced weak labor market performance in the period 1995–2004 did not make their institutional framework more pro-employment in the following years and, in consequence, also recorded low values of the employment rate in the period 2010–2015. Such result suggests that economic factors occurred to be on average an insufficient trigger for labor market reforms in the group of analyzed countries. Finally, the Chow test revealed that this conclusion is applicable to both post-socialist and non-transition OECD countries.

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