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Psychological trauma and its consequences have been the focus of attention in neuroscience as well as psychotherapy. Both are interested in explaining the effect of psychotherapy in terms of neurobiology and finding the optimal interventions that would bring therapeutic change via normalization of central nervous system functioning, disrupted by traumatic stress. The article presents basic knowledge about neurobiology of posttraumatic reactions. It presents hypothesis for mechanisms of action of successful therapy of posttraumatic disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by explaining EMDR therapy – Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing.
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Psychotherapy is proved to be a basic component of a successful treatment of people with posttraumatic reactions. However, still open remains the question which concrete aspects and procedures of psychotherapy approach are the most helpful. The following text presents a basic theoretical introduction to the topic of trauma from the perspective of a relational and experiential psychotherapy approach. A summary of a recent research study of Gestalt therapy of trauma is included included. Practical guides for a psychotherapy work with trauma are introduced.
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S perspektivou pouhého týdne intenzivního setkávání s klienty jsme se byli nuceni omezit na víceméně krizové intervence. I tak je možno konstatovat, že v mnohých případech bylo dosaženo užitečných výsledků. Mnozí účastníci pochopili, že starost o sebe a svou vlastní emoční rovnováhu je dobrou pomůckou k tomu, aby oni sami o to účinněji pomáhali svým klientům.
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Biosynthesis arose as a response to the theme of psychological trauma, i.e. an experience which disturbs the mental balance and functioning human being. That is why the topic of trauma, its treatment options and work with traumatized clients runs through Biosynthesis psychotherapy as a central thread. David Boadella, the founder of Biosynthesis, worked for many years with children with developmental difficulties. He worked to find the personal resources of clients and utilise them optimally, which is another important aspect biosynthesis.
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The aim of this paper is to introduce the method Work at the Clay Field® in the context of trauma treatment and body awareness focused psychotherapy. It presents haptic perception and work with the body impulses as a therapeutic approach. It includes the basic principles of the method, which have not yet been published in Czech Republic and brings an example of its application with a traumatized child.
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Ve svém článku Pozvání k jedinečné rozmluvě: jak pomoci pacientům začít psychoanalýzu připomíná Fred Busch (2014a), že v analytickém rozhovoru „pro pacienta vytváříme atmosféru, v níž se znovu obnoví vnitřní hovor, která byla přerušena, neboť naši pacienti trpí přerušenou nebo neproduktivní rozmluvou se sebou samotnými.“
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In the form of a case study the author introduces logotherapy intervention with bereavement during 14 logotherapy sessions. The text is supplemented by an introduction of the basic assumptions of logotherapy – conducting of the interview and logotherapy techniques. This is the case from a private practice. A more detailed description is devoted to seven introductory sessions. The text is supplemented by rewritings of some of the important moments in therapy. The author pays attention to modulation of attitudes – work with photographs, the letter of gratitude, the journey through the time.
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Research of the impact of trauma (especially from childhood or transgenerational trauma) on the human psyche shows an arising of “a hole” in the psyche, an empty space filled with anxiety, fear and other affects as results of the trauma, which are not associated with mental representations, memories and historical Self. “Memories” of trauma tend to split, so they usually occur either in the form of bare information without accompanying emotions, or in forms of nightmares, flashbacks, enactments of tendency to retraumatisation or in other forms of dissociative states.
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This study quantitatively assesses the use of idioms in psychotherapy sessions of two different clients and the same therapist. Idioms are understood here as phrases that have literal and metaphorical meaning. Moreover, “container expressions” which are based on Lakoff and Johnson’s (2002) metaphor: “bodily and emotional states are entities inside the person, the body is a container for emotions, (e. g. to blow one’s top off, spill the heart)” were studied. The results show that higher number of idioms occur in sessions of more emotional intensity and that bigger probability of therapy success is related to more frequent incidence of container expressions. They also illustrate that the use of idiomatic language in psychotherapy is more or less related to personal communicative and cognitive style of a person.
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This paper seeks to reflect the possibilities of using dreams in the view of integrated psychotherapy. At the beginning authors briefly introduce the theoretical background of working with dreams in psychotherapy. For illustration, we give a brief examples of psychoanalytic/psychodynamic psychotherapy fragments of practice and integrated psychotherapists work with dreams. Usage of action techniques has its own specifics in the group and especially in individual form, which we also describe briefly. Integrated psychotherapy aims to eliminate and correct self-defeating behavior of dreamer towards adaptive form in real life. In psychodrama and through the abreaction dreams can reveal these counterproductive behavior patterns.
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Psychotherapy, as we understand it today, originally formed in the field of medicine. Gradually, however, it became a distinct discipline, practiced also by psychologists and other professionals. Today, we may question the extent to which the medical model – the ideological framework that shapes physicians’ thinking, action, values, and attitudes – corresponds to the essence of psychotherapy and contemporary empirical knowledge. From the psychotherapy perspective, some characteristics of the medical model can be viewed as problematic. These include: (a) the tendency to concentrate on pathology and its treatment; (b) the assumption of the specific effects of treatment procedures; (c) the technicist concept of treatment; and (d) disregarding the wider psychosocial and socio-cultural context of the problem.
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The article offers a historical overview of therapist’s failures. The topic has been described as an integral part of psychoanalysis since Freud’s texts. Relational psychoanalysis stressed that sometimes not patient but psychoanalyst can impair the therapeutic process. We must mention and analyze psychotherapist’s faults in the interest of our clients. Analysis of failures can enhance a quality of care. The paper entails some guidance how to identify a fault in therapy and what we should do when we heard about failure of other therapist.
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In my article, I discuss technical aspects of psychoanalytically oriented infant-parent psychotherapy. I point out some similarities and distinctions in setting of the infant- -parent psychotherapy in different authors and different psychoanalytic “schools” and describe the basic framework of this therapy: how often and where I meet the children with the parent/parents.
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Nevím, jestli nezklamu vaši představu o psychoanalytickém příspěvku v povídání o snech. Psychoanalytici většinou vědí. Nebo se tak alespoň tváří. Vědí ledacos o snech, vědí o vědomí, vědí o nevědomí… Rád bych dnes zkusil hájit opačnou kvalitu, hodnotu nevědět. Myslím, že sen je dobrou baštou „nevědění“.
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