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The purpose of the article is to study and systematise coin finds in the territory of Podillia and introduce them into scientific circulation. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a set of general scientific and numismatic methods, which are primarily determined by the available source base and the assessment of its reliability or unreliability. Scientific novelty. Over the past decades, the number of known finds of ancient coins in settlements of the VI-I centuries BC in different regions of Ukraine, including Podillia, has increased significantly. However, there is no generalised comprehensive study of the finds of coins of the VI-I centuries BC from Podillia and its adjacent territories, which led the author to address the stated topic and write this article. The main results of the study. The analysis of the 118 ancient coins of the VI-I centuries BC found on the territory of Podillia allowed us to identify 7 points of concentration of such finds, including 4 settlements near which several single coins were found, and 3 settlements near which single coins and coins hoards found. A separate category among the corpus of Podillia coin finds is made up of 12 «demonetised» coins (11.65%), i.e. those decorated as ornaments. The presence of a corpus of finds of ancient coins of the VI-I centuries BC in Podillia, including finds of coin treasures, points of accumulation of single finds, especially locations with a combination of such finds and treasures, as well as the presence of «demonetised» coins among the coin finds, gave grounds for determining the probability of the existence of a commodity-money economy using coins as a means of payment in this historical region of Ukraine in the studied period. Although it is clear that these commodity-money relations were not as developed as in the Greek colonies of the Northern Black Sea and among the neighbouring Thracian tribes. Based on the analysis of numismatic sources, the article proves that the North Black Sea trade in Podillia in the VI-I centuries BC was connected with Olbia, especially during the IV-III centuries BC. The southwestern vector of trade activity of the population of Podillia in the VI-I centuries BC was connected with the Thracian lands, from where not only coins of the Greek colonies of the Western Black Sea and Thracian coins came, but also partly coins of Macedonia. Most of the finds of Thracian and Macedonian coins are from the issues of the IV-III centuries BC.
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The collection of the National Archives in Cracow contain 66 photographs related to Jan Matejko. They were taken in the period from 1860s till 1939, mostly by photographers from Cracow and Warsaw, but the authorship of some of them remains unknown. Due to their subject, the photographs may be divided into four groups: 1) presenting Jan Matejko (6 likenesses) and documenting his funeral (2); 2) photographs documenting the artist’s works (47 items); 3) photographs related to Jan Matejko’s house as a museum (7 photographs) and 4) photographs taken during Jan Matejko’s 100th birthday anniversary (4 photos). Most of the photographs, that is 47, have been donated. But the Archives also tried to purchase some key materials. This way 14 (or 15) photographies have been obtained. The provenance of 3 of the photographs remains unknown.The photographs gathered in the National Archives in Cracow create an interesting collection, which, although not very wide, contains some precious items (works lost or damaged during World War II), which are particularly important for the researchers interested in the artist’s life and activity. Especially on the grounds that every photograph related to Jan Matejko is of undeniable value.
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Władysław Bartynowski was a famous Polish numismatist active in the second half of 19th century in Cracow. Apart from coins, his collection included also old historical graphics, prints and books. He worked as an antiquarian and publisher, and his key aim was to protect Polish cultural heritage and works of art representing his areas of interest. Therefore, he was not only collecting and trading, but also cataloguing, maintaining and reproducing prints, graphics , books and coins. Motivated by patriotic feelings, he used to take care of the safety of relics he received and the availability of copies to all interested parties. He was one of the first Polish makers of old prints facsimiles, which he called the likenesses. As an editor of „Wiadomości Archeologiczno-Numizmatyczne”, he tried to improve the method of reproduction of coins and medals on paper. In relations to that, he invented own method of hollow graphic reproduction of numismates on paper. These prints, called bartynotypes, were used mainly for cataloguing of the collection of count Andrzej Potocki. Unfortunately, the collection, like many other relics, was damaged or dispersed due to World Wars. Bartynowski’s reproductions remain the only relic of the lost works of numismatic, graphic and printing art, as well as the art of medals. He donated the greater part of the collection to the Czapski Muzeum he established together with the count Emeryk Hutten-Czapski and his wife.The paper on the Władysław Bartynowski’s publishing portfolio is based mostly on his family archive. It is one of the chapters of a planned book about the Bartynowski Family.
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The purpose of this article is to discuss selected issues concerning ways of protecting monuments and securing cultural heritage, taking into account the special place occupied by the Inter-Academy Institute of Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art on the Polish and world “map” of conservation. This Institute not only has the best equipment and high-class conservators, but also has a Conservation Emergency Room, which is a unique mobile laboratory equipped with equipment and apparatus based on the latest technologies. This publication discusses selected issues related to the protection of monuments in the context of both the existing legal regulations, the activities of the Conservation Institute, and the extensive cooperation of state authorities, scientific institutions, various types of organizations and Formations, with particular emphasis on the State Fire Service.
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Archival buildings are increasingly being constructed in ways that help reduce energy consumption. This applies mainly to repositories, but in some cases also applies to other functional parts of the archive. By opting for environmentally friendly solutions, archives reduce their dependence on technical installations and thus achieve greater security of building use, in addition to reducing operating costs by reducing energy consumption. The archive building must be properly prepared for long-term storage of archival materials. It must also meet the requirements for a friendly public institution, well prepared to serve and meet the diverse needs of users in the field of state archives activities. The functions performed affect its design, equipment and the installations, technologies and functional solutions used. The state of preservation of collections collected, stored and accessed in archives is influenced by a wide variety of factors, and largely depends on the conditions of the internal environment in which the collections are stored, but also on the functional, architectural or structural solutions used. An example of a modern archival building, referring, in terms of the above solutions, to the best examples of facilities designed to secure archival resources built in Europe is the National Archives in Krakow.
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The purpose of this article is to highlight two types of threats increasingly present in museums. Nowadays the first group of threats is the subject of many publications and scientific, political and social considerations - because climate change causes not only threats to human life and destruction of the natural environment or migrations, including cultural ones, but also changes the methods of heritage protection practiced so far. These changes are made possible by the use of advanced technologies increasingly guided by artificial intelligence, whose task is to interpret so-called big data. The implementation of complex programs that make decisions and influence the interpretation of the information obtained, while having a very important protective role, also raises more and more concerns, especially because in the process of their processing there are sometimes acts of intentional violation of the system or theft of digital data (hacking). Museums documenting digital heritage are furthermore vulnerable to intentional (theft or manipulation and falsification of information) or accidental loss of data on objects and surroundings, which can threaten the heritage, they care for on both a small and large scale. The article’s insights can be used for future next steps: specifying and analyzing risks for an institution, which should be done taking into account the specifics of the museum and the nature of the collections.
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The present material constitutes the ninth installment of the series introducing Japanese documents preserved with Bronisław Piłsudski’s archives in the Academic Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Lettres (PAU) and Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN) in Cracow and includes photocopies of a letter in German (with its envelope indicating the addressee and the sender in Japanese, its decipherment transcript, and translation into Polish) dated , sent, together with an attached book, to Bronisław residing at that time in Tokyo by Dr. Fujihiko Sekiba, a renowned physician famous all over Japan, long-standing head of the Hokkaido Medical Association and a hospital (both founded by himself), but also medicine historian, anthropologist and one of the pioneers in Japanese ethnomedicine. The book of his own authorship was an extensive monograph on Ainu medicine studied also by Bronisław himself. The paper provides essential data concerning Sekiba’s biography and his legacy (especially, his scientific publications and the hospital still existing and considered one of the leading medical institutions in Hokkaido), and the book in question itself, with an appeal to make every effort possible to trace and find the copy of the book (possibly with some personal dedication) sent, but so far unidentified: Piłsudski, a dedicated collector of “things Ainu”, never easily parted with such items). The letter and the book mailed to Bronisław demonstrate how famous Piłsudski was in Japan as an Ainu researcher as early as 1906 (six years prior to the publication, in Cracow, of Materials for the Study of the Ainu Language and Folklore that secured for him the eternal reference in the annals of academic research worldwide. Mentioned have also been certain related publications on Ainu medicine by Piłsudski.
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In this paper I present the detailed descriptions of the Italian manuscripts re-discovered recently in Kraków and considered lost in 2012 when the catalogues of the collection were being printed. The inquiries at the time revealed that four of the Italian manuscripts listed in the Lemm’s old inventory were neither in Kraków nor in Berlin as well as some other manuscripts deposited in the boxes during the Second World War. Thankfully, these boxes were discovered in 2014, and inside there were the Italian manuscripts believed to be lost forever. In order to complete the 2012 catalogues and in accordance with the criteria adopted therein, I offer the descriptions of the four manuscripts, thus completing the long-standing work of the Fibula group on Romance manuscripts from the Berlin collection.
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The main purpose of this study is to suggest a classification of copper ingots, the main surviving product of the widespread copper smelting industry which has recently been shown to underpin the well known transitional late Bronze Age/ear-ly Iron Age culture of Colchis (western Georgia). This new study is based mainly on the many copper ingot fragments now in the collection of the Martvili Museum of the Local Lore and the Tsageri Historical Museum. This typological classification of the copper ingots from this region suggests that there were 6 differing forms and 3 main types of ingot although the variety of ingot forms seems to be similar across much of western Georgia. Characteristic types for both Lechkhumi and eastern Samegrelo are represented by both conical and rounded ingots so that some pre-liminary conclusions can be drawn about the shape of the crucibles in which the ingots were cast. This typological classification and its variations may suggest that we are dealing with different metallurgical foundries possibly representing two neighboring regions. The abundance of ingots found in Lechkhumi and Martvili indicates that this was an important region for copper smelting in the late Bronze/early Iron Age transition period.
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This paper addresses the issue of Romanesque sculpture and presents it by means of describing the ensemble of masks preserved in the Romanesque, partially reconstructed, church dedicated to the Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a symbol of Inowrocław. This text addresses the well-known sculptures analysed from a contemporary research and methodological perspective in respect of the history of medieval art. Artistic analogies, aesthetic sources, and the practice of ornamenting the Houses of God with stone masks have been presented and new interpretations of iconography, form, and meaning have been discussed. Issues concerning artistic geography, style, significance, law of the frame and technique have been considered and compared.
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In this presentation are described four paintings by Sava Henţia that are preserved in the plastic arts collection of the National History Museum of Romania and that are dedicated to the Romanian War of Independence (1877-1878). Sava Henţia was one of the five painters who were allowed by the government to accompany the Romanian troops in the campaign against the Ottomans, in order to illustrate the unfolding of the war. Together with his colleagues, he was attached to the Ambulance Service of the General Headquarters of the Romanian army, but unlike them, having been left completely deaf by typhoid fever in 1865, Sava Henţia was unable to actually go on the front. Therefore, his paintings do not depict battle scenes, focusing instead on what was happening behind the frontline.
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The article describes the journey of the relics of Blessed Vincent Kadlubek’s to Sandomierz Cathedral in 1845. The introduction discusses the origins of the cult of Blessed Vincent in this cathedral, the religiosity of Sandomierz residents of the first half of the 19th century, the efforts of Bishop Joseph Goldtmann to bring the relics to Sandomierz, as well as the process of obtaining them from the Cistercian monastery in Jedrzejow. The further part of the study describes their introduction to the Sandomierz Cathedral, reconstructing the course of the procession from the Reformate monastery church to the cathedral and the celebrations that followed. The last part of the article discusses the repercussions from the Russian authorities that followed these events as well as the positive consequences.
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The article is devoted to issues related to the activities of the Council of Europe in the field of culture and issues related to cultural security. The organization was characterized, its most important legal achievements in the field of culture were presented, and important initiatives and cultural projects were discussed. As well as the analysis of the functions of the Council of Europe and its importance as an organization stabilizing the international arena, inter alia, in the field of protection of the cultural heritage of Europe.
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Regional academic centers in the country create opportunities for applying an interdisciplinary approach in research, education and, above all, effective applied results serving business, municipal and national management organizations and institutions. One of the main activities of the Association "Regional Academic Center of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences" in Burgas is participation in the development of methods and technologies for digitalization of the cultural and historical heritage of the Black Sea region. The outsourced unit of the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences carries out digitization activities of the cultural and scientific heritage of the region, having so far participated in activities to create digital libraries for the iconic collection of the Burgas History Museum and for the collections of the Regional Library "Peyo Yavorov" Burgas.
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This paper presents the architecture of a Web app designed to deliver personalized content to museum visitors both indoors and outdoors. The app uses a tangible type of interface to obtain information about the museum's exhibits. For this purpose, each exhibit can be associated with an NFC tag, a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacon or a geofence in open-air museums. The service automatically profiles its users based on statistics about the preferred type of exhibits, media formats and time spent viewing each exhibit. Visitors can get the information they want about an exhibit even when the app is not running. Push notifications are used for this purpose. The necessary experiments have been conducted to prove the applicability of the service for real-time delivery of personalized content.
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The present article presents two women’s shirts from the collections of the Museum of History and Ethnography of Bălți municipality, namely the pleated neck shirt with separate „altița” and the straight shirt with placket. The research of the traditional women’s shirts selected for this study, by describing the cloth and cut, the arrangement of the ornaments on the shirts and the embroidery and assembly techniques, is intended to be a contribution to reaffirming the importance of each piece of traditional wear in the museum’s collections in the recovery of regional specificity and knowledge of the diversity of traditional shirt models, from the point of view of raw material, manufacturing techniques and ornamentation. In the same way, we aim to contribute to the common effort to rediscover the potential of the women’s shirt and to ensure a better promotion in the environment of the general public.
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Within the framework of its activities, the State Agency of Kosovo Archives has its own special unit- Photo Archive, which has an important collection of photographs. Though the Photo Archive of Kosovo was, in fact, created as a separate unit relatively late, (in 2000), it still managed to collect and promote a significant collection of photographs, which today exceeds over 1,500 photographs. In this collection of photographs, most of them belong to the period after the Second World War, respectively the second half of the last century, but there are also photographs from previous years. This collection is important and of even greater value, because it contains preserved photographs of various personalities of that time, the main events that marked that era, monuments and objects that begun to be built and those that were, unfortunately, destroyed and we know about them today only through these photographs; preserved photographs of neighborhoods, bazaars, houses and old streets of our cities, especially Pristina, which do not exist today, photographs of craftsmen and artisans who once practiced their activities in our cities, which have already gone down in history and, since they stopped working, we know them precisely only through these photos, etc. Therefore, based on this fact, our paper talks about the values and importance of the Photo Collection preserved in the Kosovo Archives and which especially helps the visual recognition of Kosovo in the second half of the 20th century; it also talks about the content of this collection, its multiple values, but also about how to preserve, arrange, systematize, use and digitize it and make it available to researchers and other interested parties as easily as possible.
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Written documents, photographs, audio documents, electronically or otherwise are evidence of the time they were created. They eternally preserve the human memory, namely the cultural treasure, the cultural heritage of a people, region or country. The debate on the role of the public administrator in the management and storage of documentation is complex and continues to this day. The purpose of this paper aims to explore the role that public administration has in the management, storage and archiving of public documentation. The development of technology has also brought about a change in the way and administration of documentation. In this perspective, the specific purpose of this paper is the treatment and analysis of the concept of traditional and modern systematization of public documentation in state institutions. The use of historical methods, analysis, comparison will enable the finding of results and recommendations regarding the role of public administration in the management, storage and archiving of public documentation.
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