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Historical Population Database of Transylvania: Methodology Employed in the Selection of Settlements and Micro Zones of Interest

Author(s): Bogdan Iancu Crăciun,Crinela Elena Holom,Vlad Popovici / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

The present paper elaborates on the way in which the first sample of settlements whose historical population previous to 1918 will be included in the Historical Population Database of Transylvania has been selected. The selection was made so as to meet certain requirements related to the quality of existing sources, to ensure balanced ethnic-denominational representation, unity and homogeneity of the micro zones comprising the selected settlements. The twelve selected micro zones incorporate a sample covering almost 7% of the historical population of Transylvania, making possible a long- and medium-term research.

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Norms of Filial Obligation and Actual Support to Parents in Central and Eastern Europe

Author(s): Cornelia Mureşan,Paul Teodor Hărăguş / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Country differences in intergenerational relationships are not only attributable to economic, policy, housing contexts but also to a cultural tendency towards closer intergenerational ties. This study is a cross-national comparison regarding the relationship between norms of filial obligation and actual giving of financial support and care in several Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries as compared to Western Europe. We examine to what extent norms of filial obligation are consistent with helping behaviour, whether the responsiveness to norms varies by country context, and whether CEE countries differ from societies benefiting of more generous public support to ageing people. The data used in this study come from the Generation and Gender Programme. We show that actual support to parents is not more prevalent in CEE than in Western European (WE) countries, even if norms of filial obligations are more strongly expressed. On the contrary, emotional support has a higher prevalence in WE. However, the connection between filial responsibility and instrumental care is stronger in CEE, while the connection between financial help and norms of filial obligation is stronger in WE. In CEE countries contrasting mechanisms may play: in some countries people have no choice but to assist parents in need financially, but in others they do not provide such help as they do not consider financial support being part of their filial obligations. Interestingly, we did not find any connection between filial responsibility and emotional support to parents, neither in East nor in West European countries

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Social Networking Websites Usage and Life Satisfaction

Author(s): Valeriu Frunzaru,Mădălina Boţan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

This paper attempts to analyze how materialist values mediate the relationship between time spent on social networking websites (SNW) and overall life satisfaction. Admittedly, younger generations spend more time on SNW compared to older generations, therefore we can anticipate that younger people are more affected by materialism and, consequently, less satisfied with their lives. The conceptual model proposed here was tested on a convenience sample of 390 Romanian adults. Using structural equation modeling, our findings validate the hypothesis that younger people spend more time on SNW; the SNW usage makes them more materialistic and, as a result, less satisfied with life. These findings raise ethical questions regarding the impact of SNW on overall life satisfaction. For example, Facebook, the most popular SNW in Romania, is a virtual social sphere where people become “friends”, give or receive “likes”, are “fans” of something or somebody, etc. Therefore, we argue that Facebook is a symbolical locus for quantitative manifestations of something intimate and private, like feelings or appreciations. Such materialist approach to friendship and relationships has a significant negative impact on life satisfaction.

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The Impact of the Financial Income on the Family Communication

Author(s): Andrea Banovcinova,Katarina Levicka / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

A functional family is the basic condition for optimal social functioning of all ist members. Through fulfilment of functions imposed by society, family creates a safe environment for survival and development of family members. Family functioning depends on functioning of family in different dimensions. One of the key dimensions is communication. Therefore, it is possible for a comprehensive look at the family as a social system neglected area of family communication. The aim of our study was to investigate how financial income affects the communication in the family system. For assessing family communication, as one of the dimensions of family functioning was used the Family Assessment Device (FAD). The research sample consisted of 310 respondents living below the poverty line. The reference group consisted of 310 respondents living in families with income standard. The analysis of results show negative impact of low financial income on the family communication. Low-income families showed a higher degree of distortion in communication than the standard income families. Financial income of families affects the functioning of communication among ist members. When working with families living below the poverty line, we need pay attention to the development of new communication patterns and promote a clear and direct communication between family members.

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EATING OUT: (RE)SEARCHING THE LABS OF SOCIA(BI)LITY

Author(s): Silviu G. Totelecan / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2015

At the crossroads between the private and the public realm, the communist/capitalist nomenklatura, directors and secretaries, families and friends, students, lovers etc., they all share (have and will do) for a while common places, the restaurants – the space within which people may question the daily reality, or reshape future-to-be public/private actions. Being mingled spots for those that may have social action capabilities, the restaurants offer a space of fusion between what is old and new in cultural and national terms, the interconnection of food/music with generative dialogues, the contexts for a range of emotional and/or strategical developments. Chefs, social scientists, designers, musicians, or other socio-economic groups may see and perceive quite differently the quintessence of a restaurant. One of the best places for getting in touch with the experience(s) of such settings is our capital city, particularly its old city centre, involved in an urban regeneration process within which the “pubs and clubs” phenomenon is unstoppable. Here I present some case studies from my fieldwork in Bucharest, done in the spring of 2012.

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SOCIAL MOBILITY PATTERNS IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Cristian Pop / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2015

My work is a contribution to the social mobility literature by discussing the case of Romania in a wider context. The article will present and explain the mobility patterns of five historical cohorts, with accents of men and women (dis)similarities, born in different socio-historical contexts. They are related to various social classes, which influence their life trajectories and chances for social mobility (e.g. men tend to move upwards, the high status classes maintain their positions, the members of the younger cohorts are more mobile etc.). My intention is to describe the current intergenerational social mobility in Romania, and the differences related to the mobility rates between cohorts of individuals born in distinct periods. I will search after explanations for these differences, implied by complex methodologies (such as logistic regressions, dissimilarity index or origin-destination cross-tabulations). The analyses of the intergenerational mobility rates, both absolute and relative (odds ratios), will be done with a critical eye on the limitations impose by these rates.

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Összehasonlító ifjúságkutatások Erdélyben 2008–2013

Author(s): ZITA KISS / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 02/2015

Book rewiev on: Kiss Tamás – Barna Gergő: Erdélyi magyar fiatalok. Összehasonlító elemzés. Nemzeti Kisebbségkutató Intézet – Kriterion, Cluj-Napoca, 2011.

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Wpływ znaczących innych na przebieg procesu wychodzenia z prostytucji

Author(s): Izabela Ślęzak-Niedbalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2015

The purpose of the article is to present the barriers to leaving sex work which are related to the influence of significant others on decisions made by sex workers. The analysis was applied in the case of two categories of significant others (organizational and intimate), which through interactions in escort agencies and on family grounds, respectively, may exert a destructive influence on sex workers' intentions, referring to their life and the act of leaving sex work. Therefore, the relationships with significant others described in the article interfere in the process of these women's identity transformation, hindering the development of a self-concept outside prostitution. The article is based on qualitative research carried out in escort agencies in one of the biggest Polish cities.

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Socijalna kohezija i socijalni kapital

Author(s): Fehrat Hrustić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 12/2015

Social cohesion and social capital combine into one box economics, political science, sociology and developmental theories. These are very important issues for the determination of the state in society and finding mechanisms and tools to improve the social status in order to minimize disempowerment individuals and groups, and avoiding certain tensions and conflicts. This may contribute to the strengthening of harmony in human relations on the principles of trust and mutual responsibility, a better balance between man and nature, more equal distribution of national wealth, equal access to knowledge and modern technology to all individuals and groups. Otherwise, there is no inclusion, freedom, justice, solidarity and other ethical and human values, which are pillars of social cohesion and social capital. That is why we advocate the consistent application documents of the Council of Europe, with special emphasis on the revised strategy of social cohesion in all countries, especially countries with strong conflict situations which include Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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RIZIČNO DRUŠTVO

Author(s): Miloš Perović,Aleksandar Ćuković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2015

This paper deals with the topic that Ulrich Beck called ,,Risk society". It appeared as the first visible consequence of globalization and modernization. Specifically, this paper presents the areas of influence of risk and the impact of risk. Also, in addition to explanation of "boomerang effect" are covered the topics about risk sharing and "The irony of risk".

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Czy wielkopolska mentalność istnieje? Analiza oparta na danych Diagnozy Społeczej 2015

Author(s): Agnieszka Jeran / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 02/2016

The point of departure of the analyses presented in the article is both a scholarly and common conviction about the existence and functioning of a set of beliefs and norms specific to the inhabitants of Greater Poland, something that might be called the Greater Poland mindset. It formed on the basis of experiences of life under Prussian rule and patriotically motivated transformations of ways of managing economy which shaped of a mentality concurrently national and capitalistic. Although the period of the Polish People’s Republic did not facilitate its cultivation, after 1989 the occurrence of such constituent elements of the Greater Poland mindset as frugality, economy, law and order, pro-social attitudes was still diagnosed. Using the data supplied by “Social Diagnosis” 2015 analyses were done to verify the hypothesis of more intense manifestations of selected features corresponding to the Greater Poland mindset, viz. self-steering, task orientation, pro-social attitudes and law and order among inhabitants of Greater Poland compared to other parts of the country. Other analyzed issues comprised the differences in the intensity of these features within Greater Poland and the centrality of the Poznań subregion. The obtained results justify the claim that clear differences are only revealed in a comparison of the Poznań subregion to all the other voivodeships. This observation leads in turn to the conclusion that today we should speak of the existence of the Poznań mindset rather than the Great Poland one.

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Wewnętrzne krajobrazy sztuki – arteterapia we wspieraniu procesów socjalizacyjnych osób z niepełnosprawnością

Author(s): Joanna Godawa,Szymon Godawa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2015

The main aim of this article is to present role of art therapy in the process of disable people socialization. The article presents short characteristic of disability, socialization and social integration and art therapy. In the end there are presented descriptions of disable artist.

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Трансформация менталитета и жизнеспособность российской цивилизации

Author(s): Nikolai Nikolaevich Vasilyev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2016

The article traces the directions of transformation of the Russian mental foundations. Considered are such categories as feeling of national dignity, self-respect — self-disrespect; readiness for fight, civil activity — lack of will; religiousness — godlessness; collegiality — individualism; not moneymaking — greed; justice — benefit. The conclusion is drawn that decomposition of civilization bases begins with elite of society and various groups which have joined it.

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Cyberprzestrzeń jako zagrożenie dla człowieka XXI wieku

Author(s): Barbara Małgorzata Kałdon / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The media have a significant influence on everyday life of an individual as well as on the life of whole social groups (both primary, such as family, and secondary). Particularly noteworthy here is the so called “Generation Z”, i.e. young people born at the turn of the 21st century who cannot conceive of a world without Internet and other mass media. This phenomenon is imposed on youth subcultures that already exist in the social reality and it implies transferring a lot of their aspects to the cyberspace. This not only results in gaining a new quality by the existing subcultures, but also in the emergence of entirely new subcultures which can only exist in virtual reality. The most important among those are: cybergoths and cyberpunks, haters, hackers and pirates, computer games players, bloggers, machinimists, fanficers and sceners.

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Badacz zjawisk trudno dostępnych w terenie – kwestie etyczne, praktyczne i metodologiczne

Author(s): Sylwia Męcfal / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

This article is a reflection of the ethical, practical and methodological issues which I experienced whilst conducting my own field research in 2013 and 2014 in four small towns in the lodzkie voivodeship. Although the choice of research method, the case study, made it possible for me to apply various research techniques and to gather rich material, it also left a wide area of flexibility for me to use my intuition rather than methodological knowledge or ethical consciousness. An additional factor that raised many doubts was the fact that the phenomena under investigation were sensitive and controversial (unclear links between political, business and journalistic circles in a local context, conflict of interest, etc.). This influenced my decision to keep the towns’ names confidential in order to protect informants’ confidentiality. This and other problematic situations and decisions are more widely described in this article.

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Wybrane problemy etyczne w naukowych badaniach na zlecenie. Refleksje etnografki

Author(s): Adrianna Surmiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

In this article I discuss ethical issues related to the integrity, exploitation of informants, the protection of confidentiality, privacy and anonymity in the context of contract research. It seems to me that the analysis of these issues is important, both because of the growing significance of contract research and the fact that these issues have attracted little interest in the humanities and social sciences literature. I draw on my own experience of conducting qualitative research (mainly semi-structured interviews and observations) in five research projects carried out between 2012 and 2015. Due to the nature of these projects my analysis of ethical problems refers to selected codes of ethics both sociological and anthropological.

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Dylematy etyczne badań prowadzonych na zlecenie instytucji publicznych – doświadczenia badacza terenowego

Author(s): Magdalena Dudkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The paper presents experiences and observations concern the positive and negative circumstances of the social sciences representatives involvement in research conducted for public institutions in Poland. The following topics were discussed: the clear definition of the researcher role in those projects, responsibility for actions taken and limitations of research freedom. Author presents dilemmas concerning the relation between researcher and order-givers as well as persons being tested. The unclear status of scientific research in projects conducted by public institutions is also discussed. Finally the pros and cons are presented to give the opportunity for further discussion on involvement of scientists in public projects.

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Problematyka przekładu gier planszowych na przykładzie tłumaczenia wybranych nazw własnych w grze Everdell na język polski i rosyjski

Author(s): Agnieszka Seweryn / Language(s): Polish Issue: 65/2024

The main aim of this paper is to analyse the Polish and Russian translationsof selected proper names from the board game Everdell and its expansions,issued by Starling Games in 2018-2020. The author focuses on the theoryof translating (transcreating) board game as a multimodal text and potentialtranslation issues, as well as on the translator’s competences. The analyticpart of this work consists of seven selected proper names translated intoPolish by Monika Żabicka and into Russian by Daniil Yakovenko, Evge-niia Nekrasova and Stanislav Zagorodnyi: Everdell, Ever Tree, CorrinEvertail, Fynn Nobletail, Poe, Prophet Foresight and Pristine Chapel. Theauthor shows their etymological, historical, and cultural background pre-sented in the source language and then discusses their Polish and Russianequivalents and strategies chosen by the translators. As a result, we can seethat the proper names in the Polish version are mostly adapted and relate tothe Polish culture and history, whereas in Russian language version mostof the proper names are not translated, just transcribed.

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Wirtualna etniczność – nowa jakość czy nowe dekoracje?

Author(s): Łucja Kapralska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (21)/2023

This article analyses the concept of “virtual ethnicity” and, as this phrase indicates, it concerns the relationship between the Internet and ethnicity. Rooted in sociology term “ethnicity” is juxtaposed here with the modern technology of the global network. The Internet and related applications are changing numerous aspects of our lives, both individually and collectively. The change this technology brings is radical. Digitalization and global connections aff ect every aspect of social life – everyday life, customs, politics, economics, interpersonal relations and ways of organizing social life. Social phenomena as we know them are being transformed; new ones are also being created, such as virtual communities uniting people who, without sharing a common territory, feel a strong bonds and are able to act together eff ectively. The above comments also apply to the phenomenon mentioned in the title of the article. This work analyses ethnicity expressed through online com- munication practices. Comparing offl ine and online ethnicity, the article notes the numerous positive functions of the Internet for articulation of ethnicity and raises questions about the defi nition and methods of examining online manifestations of ethnicity.

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Kompetencje cyfrowe Polaków w świetle teorii przyspieszenia społecznego

Author(s): Ewa Lecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (21)/2023

The dynamic development and spread of information and communicationtechnologies have caused contemporary society, also known as modern or infor-mation society, to undergo constant changes. These are taking place both in thetechnological, economic and social spheres, becoming the focus of researchers insocial, economic, engineering and technical sciences. As a result of these changes,we can even, according to Hartmut Rosa (2020), speak of a society of acceleration,in which technological acceleration is accompanied by an acceleration of the paceof living. As part of numerous consequences, acquiring new skills and improvingthose already acquired, especially in the use of ICT, becomes particularly important.Achieving an appropriate level of expertise turns out to be almost indispensable, bothat the micro level - the realm of work and everyday life of individuals, and at themacro level, as a condition for stable and systematic socio-economic development.Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyze the level of digital competenceof Poles, primarily focusing on the level of overall digital skills and its changes overrecent years, the type of digital skills that pose particular challenges, as well as todetermine the rank of Poland as compared to other European Union member statesregarding the subject matter. The source material is statistical data from Eurostatand Poland Statistics.

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