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Rozum na barykadzie. Michel Foucault i intelektualizacja społecznego protestu

Author(s): Karol Franczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The main scientific objective of the paper is to investigate the problematization of protest, resistance, and explosions of social discontent in the discourse of European symbolic elites. The analysis of three dimensions of the intellectualization of protest serves to answer the following questions: how is protest shaped as an object of intellectual discussion, how it gains the attention of symbolic elites, and how intellectuals support social protest and make it a subject of public attention. The second objective is to identify the paradoxes and dilemmas of the intellectualization of protest on the example of Michel Foucault and the organization Groupe d’Information sur les Prisons. Following Foucault’s case, the author argues that the protest cannot avoid symbolic appropriation by those who claim to be its greatest advocates, and elites declaring themselves to be social critics are often uncritical towards their ideological positions.

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ФРАНЦУСКИ ОДГОВОР НА ИЗАЗОВЕ ГЛОБАЛНОГ ТЕРОРИЗМА – ИСТОРИЈА И САВРЕМЕНОСТ

Author(s): Boriša Lečić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2015

Terrorist attacks by radical Islamists on the editorial staff of the satirical magazine ‘Charlie Hebdo’ and other targets, in which in the early 2015 seventeen people got killed, aroused the need for a detailed and comprehensive study and critical examination of models of combating this form of political violence in France, primarily in terms of legal norms regulating the anti-terrorist activity, but also in terms of organizational and professional capacities of special services in charge of preventive and repressive battle against terrorism. In this context, it is worth noting that the foundations of today’s system for combating terrorism were set by the Law of 1986 which, among other things, centralized all judicial proceedings pertaining to terrorism. This filled the void created by abolishing the Special Court for State Security (Le Cour de Surete de l`Etat), which from its establishing in 1963 to its closure in 1981 dealt with prosecution of terrorist offences. Present-day terrorist attacks, such as the one on ‘Charlie Hebdo’, show some new features. The attacks are conducted by small groups or by individuals, so called ‘lone wolves’, following minimal preparation in absolute secrecy and have deadly effects. This makes the job of security services much more difficult and is bound to result in legislative changes in France, which will aim to increase the efficiency of anti- terrorist activities of special services. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the present system, French Prime Minister Manuel Valls in his first address to the Parliament after the attack in January 2015, announced new measures in this, as he said ‘war’ his country leads against terrorism. In addition, he promised that by the end of this year, French prisons will be equipped with special isolation rooms for Islamist extremists, by September France will be ready to join EU Passenger Name Record (PNR) and in the course of this year the authorities will introduce surveillance of flights by persons suspected of criminal activities.

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Nekoliko teza o nasilju u savremenom dobu

Author(s): Jusuf Žiga / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 03+04/2013

The causes and forms of violence can be varied. We are witnessing an alarming increase in its world-wide. It is increasingly getting used to him as something that is “normal”. Instead of preventing violence, it is more and more comfortable use as “an effective tool” in achieving the desired goals. The violence, with the spread of technical way of life in the modern age, is drawn into all spheres of human activity, including the media space, sports competitions, and even science, whereby innovate forms of its manifestation. Media content that promote violence as “manners” strong and effective, particularly devastating for young people, and for the formation of their system of social values.

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Primjena sile s gledišta muslimanske tradicijske intelektualnosti

Author(s): Mehmedalija Hadžić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2015

From a traditional Muslim intellectual standpoint the basis for relations among people is peace. The use of force is not excluded if there are no viable alternatives to the rejection of violence. The way force is used and the way an antagonist is treated are prescribed. In the Holy Qur'an, the term "peace" (ar. silm), with its derivatives, is mentioned over a hundred times. Peace is the original and authentic nature of existence. Everything that moves and breathes bears witness to peace and oneness. This is why "peace" in the earthly or worldly sense is more correctly described as "accord" or "harmony". All individual relations - whether those between two human beings or those between human beings and nature or those between human beings and the rest of society - always have their existence in this one and indivisible peace. The word "war" (ar. harb), with its derivative forms, is mentioned six times in the Holy Qur'an. The war, which afflicts "this world" disturbs peace, and is therefore undesirable of itself. It is legitimate only when it confirms peace and when it helps truth against lies. War is the province of soldiers not civilians, and is therefore conducted only against those who participate in active hostilities. These hostilities are objectively limited to the battlefield. The duration of a war is limited to the period required to fulfill its goal, and the goal is to oppose aggression and control the arrogance of the aggressor.

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Ресоциализация несовершеннолетних правонарушителей в Германии: парадигма справедливости и воспитания

Author(s): Philipp Walkenhorst,Anna Aleksandrovna Grebenkina,Evgeny Vladimirovich Grebenkin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2016

The article analyzes the peculiarities and conditions of re-socialization of juvenile offenders in Germany. On the basis of the synthesis of the key components of the justice system the au-thors consider its basic framework, as well as moral ethical foundations. The authors compare custodial and non-custodial measures of punishment, arguing the idea that correction of juve-nile offenders using non-custodial measures is more effective than imprisonment. Particular at-tention is paid to describing the activities of socio-pedagogical institutions within the Ministry of Justice of Germany jurisdiction. The nature of interaction between judges, educators and juve-nile delinquents are identified. The authors outline the following stages of non-custodial correc-tion of juvenile offenders: adaptation – therapy – resocialization. The confrontation method called "hot seat" is described, which is considered to be one of the mechanisms for regulating emotions and overcoming the affective-behavioral systems in juvenile offenders. It is proposed that the prison isolation of juveniles from society on the one hand, shows the inevitability of retribution and justice, on the other hand, does not fully guarantee the reduction of recidivism. The educational paradigm and such principles, determining the justice system, as the principle of subsidiarity, the principle of proportionality, the principle of a sanction and the principle of substitution, are considered to be indicators of social progress and civic consciousness.

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Il carico di Alex, tra profezia e politica

Author(s): Massimo (Mao) VALPIANA / Language(s): Italian Issue: 13/2016

his essay outlines a profile of Alexander Langer, son and master of the European nonviolent tradition, tireless activist in ecological and intercultural field, member of the European Parliament. He fulfills the nonviolent legacy and translates it into daily political action. Alex is a fine intellectual – with a franciscan education – uses ideas and words not to create new ideas and words, but to change reality, get to act, amend politics, meet and join people, achieve tangible projects. His legacy is one of the most meaningful witnesses of nonviolence persuasion.

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Zjawisko przemocy w rodzinie na podstawie niebieskiej karty. Charakterystyka danych komendy Rejonowej Policji Warszawa VI

Author(s): Barbara Małgorzata Kałdon / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article “Family Violence Based on the Blue Card. A Characteristic of the Data of the Police Headquarters VI in Warsaw” is presenting such issues as: the crime of abuse, effectiveness of the police in the realization of the “Blue Card” procedure, an analysis of data contained in the Blue Card of Police Headquarters VI in Warsaw; a characteristic of domestic violence perpetrator, a profile of domestic violence victim, types of domestic violence, intoxicants used by perpetrators of family violence and their effects, cases of violence towards adults and juveniles and consequences of estab¬lishing the Blue Card record.

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Vršnjačko sajber-nasilje među učenicima osnovnih škola u Crnoj gori

Author(s): Jasna H. Hrnčić,Nina Lončar / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 16/2016

Cyberbullying is a new type of bullying. it emerged due to the fast development and accessibility of information and communications technology (iCT). The current study was conducted with the objective of analyzing prevalence and nature of cyberbullying among middle school students in Pljevlja, and its relation to traditional bullying. The respondents to the questionnaire were 249 students from three middle schools. The results show that 13.7% were victims of cyberbullying, 12.1% were cyberbullies, while 27.7% reported they knew other student being cyberbullied. There are significantly less victims of cyber bulling than of traditional bullying. The most frequent tool used for cyberbullying are social media. The current study also shows that 51.4% of cyberbullies were schoolmates, and girls were more likely to be victims of cyberbullying. Strong positive relation is found between bullies and victims of traditional bullying and cyberbullying. The results are discussed taking into account previous studies.

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Možemo li na temelju prediktora tradicionalnoga vršnjačkog nasilja predviđati elektroničko vršnjačko nasilje?

Author(s): Tena Velki,Gordana Kuterovac-Jagodić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 4/2016

The main aim of the study is to test whether the predictors of traditional peer violence consistently obtained in previous studies may also be good at predicting electronic peer violence. The predictability of individual (age, gender, school success), family (parental punishment, warmth, monitoring and permissiveness) and peer variables (number of friends, peer acceptance, previous victimization) were examined. The study included 880 students of fifth to eighth grade. Individual and peer variables were measured with a Questionnaire on violence among school children (UNSD) and parental variables with the Parental behavior questionnaire (URP-29). The results obtained by hierarchical regression analysis showed that the selected variables explain about 30% of the total variance of traditional violence and about 10% of the total variance of electronic violence. All the assumed variables proved to be significant predictors of traditional violence, while electronic violence had a smaller number of significant individual and family predictors. We can conclude that the current predictors of traditional violence only partially explain electronic violence, so we need to include some additional variables in order to better predict electronic peer violence (e.g., frequency of use of media, electronic victimization, etc.).

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Rat kao svakidašnjica

Author(s): Amila Šljivo Grbo / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 01/1998

Zbornik "Evropski diskurs rata" priredio je Obrad Savić, časopis Beogradski krug - Beograd, 1 995.

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Dileme kolektivnog sjećanja i historije: sarajevski dijalozi 1996.-1997.

Author(s): Stevan M. Weine / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 01+02/2000

U neposrednom post-daytonskom periodu, započeli smo sa projektom simpozija u kojima smo otvorili dijaloge na temu kolektivnog sjećanja i historije u slučaju Bosne i Hercegovine i dilema koje iz toga proizlaze. Simpozije su organizirali autori, Stevan Weine, psihijatar iz Amerike u suradnji sa profesorom Tvrtklom Kulenovićem, a u kolaboraciji koju je omogućio projekt “Psihijatrija, genocid i svjedočenje” Univerziteta Illinois u Chicagou. U simpozije smo donijeli divergentne setove iskustva i znanja kao i zajedničko uvjerenje da dijalozi trebaju biti interdisciplinarni. Smatrali smo da je memorija veća i sveobuhvatnija od bilo koje od naših pojedinačnih disciplina ih područja istraživanja i da interakcija između različitih perspektiva u svakom slučaju više obećava od izoliranih alternativa.

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Kataklizma rata

Author(s): Gricelda Sarmiento / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 01+02/1995

Rat je takva kataklizma da se niko ne bi mogao pohvaliti da je sasvim ravnodušan, u odnosu na ambijent tako okrutan, tako nerazuman i strašan. Kako djelovati, kako razmišljati pri činjenici da je želja za postizanjem mira relativno neovisna od naših individualnih ili ličnih napora. Danas to možemo činiti samo ako uzimamo u obzir nerazmrsivu potku koja se tka među različitim aspektima spoznaje čovjeka, kako u njegovoj pojedinačnosti koja se ne može utopiti u društvenom tako i u kolektivnoj drami koja se takođe ne može uvažavati kao jedino odgovorna pred pojedinačnom sudbinom koju svako od nas nosi.

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GENERATOR GENOCIDA

Author(s): Šemsudin Hadrović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 55-56/2013

Govoriti o zločinu i pokrštavanju u Plavu i Gusinju 1912-1913. godine nije moguće a ne referisati se na Gorski vijenac P.P. Njegoša kao djelo koje je u jednoj svojoj dimenziji generiralo i još uvijek generira poriv na zločin i genocid. U tom smislu se nameće potreba novog čitanja i revizije pristupa Gorskom vijencu, jer veći dio ovog djela odavno ne korespondira sa vremenom u kojem živimo. Da je autor bio u pravu kada se prije desetak godina referisao na ovaj drugi „genocidni“ dio Gorskog vijenca, potvrđuje i činjenica da je na proslavi 100-te godišnjice rođenja Njegoša, dakle još prije jednog stoljeća, data „preporuka“ da se u školama ne čitaju oni dijelovi Gorskog vijenca koji vrijeđaju „naše Muhamedance“. (Uskoro će biti objavljen rečeni dokument).

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POKRŠTAVANJA VRŠENA 1912-13. god. – AKTI KRIVOVJERJA

Author(s): Stevo Vučinić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 55-56/2013

Prije nego počnem izlaganje moje teme ukratko ću se očitovati, uopšte, o zločinima pokrštavanja i ubistvima Plavljana i Gusinjana 1912- 13. godine. Ovom prigodom, kao Crnogorac osjećam se obaveznim da se o tome načelno iskažem, ali, i ne samo o tome.

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POKRŠTAVANJE KATOLIKA SA POSEBNIM OSVRTOM NA „AFERU PALIĆ“

Author(s): Jasmina Rastoder / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 55-56/2013

Pokrštavanje kao anticivilizacijska pojava u balkanskim ratovima, prepoznata kroz nasilje radi zastrašivanja pripadnika drugih vera nije zaobišla ni katolike i katoličku zajednicu. Po brutalnosti kojom je sprovođen, ovaj čin se nije razlikovao od onog provođenog nad muslimanima. Takođe se može zaključiti da nije bilo ni razlike u konačnom cilju eliminacije svih inoveraca sa prostora dobijenih u balkanskom ratu. Međutim, ipak, naravno, postoje bitne razlike između pokrštavanja muslimana i katolika. Prvo, katolici su takođe hrišćani, te se u užem smislu ovdje ne može govoriti o nasilnoj promeni vere. Ovde je nasilje bilo usmereno prema onim hrišćanima koji su u smislu duhovne jurisdikcije pripadali zapadnoj (katoličkoj) hrišćanskoj crkvi. Dakle, radilo se o nasilju u cilju promene pripadnosti crkvi. Politički i teološki motivi ove pojave su dublje smešteni u kompleksan odnos između katoličanstva i pravoslavlja i politički odnos zapadnih sila (pre svega Austro-Ugarske carevine) i balkanskih zemalja. Drugo, pokrštavanje katolika nije bilo tako masovno kao kod muslimana zato što je njihov broj bio značajno manji. Ali i ne manji razlog je bio u tome što se radilo o dobro organizovanoj verskoj zajednici koja je imala snažne zaštitnike, medijatore i propagandiste sposobne da zaustave proces nasilnog preimenovanja i spremnih da zaštite svoje istovernike.

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VАSOJEVIĆI PREMА PLАVU I GUSINJU

Author(s): Marijan Premović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 55-56/2013

Rаt nа Bаlkаnu 1912/13. godine imаo je ogromаn znаčаj u borbi Crne Gore zа njeno oslobođenje i ujedinjenje. Crnogorskа istoriogrаfijа decenijamа se veomа uspješno bаvi balkаnskim rаtovimа, а ukupni rezultаti u dosаdаšnjim proučаvаnjimа omogućuju dа se steknu znаčаjnа sаznаnjа. O Vаsojevićimа i njihovom učešću u Bаlkаnskim rаtovimа bаvilo se u svojim studijаmа više аutorа: Bаtrić Mаrjаnović, Vаsojevićki glаvаri – nekoliko portretа -, Podgoricа 1929; Rаdoslаv-Jаgoš Vešović, Pleme Vаsojevići, Sаrаjevo 1935; Miodrаg Joksimović, Nаrodnа vojskа Vаsojevićа (1858–1918), Andrijevicа 1997, Novo Delević, Crnogorsko pleme Vаsojevići, Beogrаd 2009 i dr. Zаnimljivo je istаći dа u ovim studijаmа pitаnje odnosа Vаsojevićа premа Plаvu i Gusinju nigdje se ne spominje. Očigledno ovi аutori prećutkuju i svjesno zаobilаze dogаđаje iz 1912/13. godine nа prostoru plаvsko-gusinjske kotline, što je nаrаvno podsticаj zа novа istrаživаnjа i donošenje novih sudovа.

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MOTIVI ZLOČINA U KNJIŽEVNIM DJELIMA

Author(s): Draško Došljak / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 55-56/2013

U ovom radu autor analizira motive zločina u knjževnim djelima. Poseban osvrt daje na poemu velikog crnogorskog pjesnika Radovana Zogovića „Došljaci“ („Ali Binak“), koja govori o teškim prizorima metohijskih Albanaca pod monarhističkom vlašću. Događaje iz 1912/13. godine u plavsko-gusinjskoj oblasti opisao je u svom romanu „Monigreni“ Jevrem Brković, a date su i priče iz usmenog stvaralaštva ove oblasti „Kamen je težak dok nije pomjeren sa svoga mjesta“ – Rama M. Markišića.

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MEMOARI KAO ISTORIJSKI IZVOR ILI SVJEDOČENJE MILOVANA ĐILASA O DOGAĐAJIMA U CRNOJ GORI PRVIH DECENIJA XX VIJEKA S POSEBNIM OSVRTOM NA POKOLJ U ŠAHOVIĆIMA 1924

Author(s): Šerbo Rastoder / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 33-34/2006

Milovan Đilas, (Podbišće, Kolašin, 4.VI 1911 - Beograd, 20. IV 1995) pripada plejadi najznačajnijih ličnosti komunističkog pokreta Titove Jugoslavije, istovremeno i njen najveći disident. U biografijama mu obično piše da je bio revolucionar, političar, general, književnik, publicista. Otac mu je bio crnogorski, pa jugoslovenski oficir, majka domaćica. Osnovnu školu završio u Podbišću i Kolašinu, gimnaziju u Beranama. Upisao je filozofiju i pravo na Beogradskom univerzitetu 1932. kada se povezuje s ilegalnom organizacijom SKOJ-a. Aprila 1933. primljen je u KPJ. U avgustu 1933. je uhapšen i ispitivan u zloglasnoj Glavnjači. Pošto ništa nije priznao, osuđen je na pet godina zatvora. Robijao je u Sremskoj Mitrovici, gdje je uspio da prevede tri romana Maksima Gorkog i deset njegovih pripovijedaka, kao i Miltonov Izgubljeni raj i sve to ispiše na toaletnom papiru. Iz zatvora je izašao početkom 1936. godine, pošto je pomilovan.

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JEDAN PRIMJER KRVNE OSVETE IZ BIHORA

Author(s): Sait Šabotić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 29-30/2005

Živjeći na prostoru Bihora i baveći se zemljoradnjom i stočarstvom kao osnovnim poljoprivrednim granama, stanovništvo tog područja je u međusobne sukobe najčešće dolazilo zbog pohare ispaša, pomijeranja međusobnih međa - mednika, krađe stoke, namjernog uništavanja ljetine itd. I na prostoru Bihora, kao i na susjednim, postojao je adet, odnosno običaj krvne osvete

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A Rose by Any other Name is Still a Rose…or Is It? On Gender Roles in Contemporary Japan

Author(s): Magdalena Ciubăncan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Although it is a rather recent research area, the study of gender as a social and cultural construct has enjoyed wide popularity, but it has been generally understood as the study of the condition of women and the changes that it has been subjected to throughout the time. However, in recent years we have witnessed a change in the way in which men’s roles are constructed, shifting from the masculine image of a powerful man to that of a rather feminine male. Starting from the Japanese journalist Maki Fukasawa’s terms of “herbivorous men” and “carnivorous women”, the present paper analyses the way in which this gender shift is illustrated by the top buzzwords that are selected each year by the Jiyuu Kokuminsha Publishing House and presents a number of theories that might explain the reasons behind this process. Furthermore, we find evidence to support the adoption by Japanese men of a new image, distinct from that of their fathers and grandfathers, and we identified certain commercial items that have been traditionally addressed to women but which are now increasingly used by men.

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