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Simpozij: Starost – izzivi historičnega raziskovanja
Conference report: Simpozij Starost – izzivi historičnega raziskovanja (Ljubljana, 8. in 9. november 2016)
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Conference report: Simpozij Starost – izzivi historičnega raziskovanja (Ljubljana, 8. in 9. november 2016)
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Introduction: The socio-economic problem not only in Slovakia, but also in the surrounding countries, is population aging of the population. This issue raises dynamics and is an increasingly acute problem. The aging of the population also significantly affects the city of Zvolen. The aim of our contribution will be not only to get closer to the issue of population aging in the town Zvolen, but will also include stimulating proposals for change. Core of work: The population of Zvolen has a steadily declining trend in recent years. This includes, in particular, low birth rates, but also the removal of the productive population for work into larger cities. An irreversible feature of demographic development in Zvolen is therefore the issue of population aging. The population of post-productive age is increasing and, on the contrary, the proportion of the population in the pre-productive and productive age is decreasing. The average age of the population in Zvolen has been steadily rising over the last few years, with the aging index rising by more than 60% in recent years. This is a faster growth compared to the district as well as the national average. At the end of the monitored period, the aging index in the town Zvolen was higher than the Slovak average.
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The paper discusses sustainable housing development, focusing on the assessment of housing quality conducted on the basis of various methods and tools for evaluating the design concepts of new housing developments and the renovation of existing housing estates. The introduction determines the issue of multi-family residential housing as the framework of the research. In the last decades, in view of social sustainability, various tools for evaluating housing quality were developed. We observe that, in Slovenia, certain regulations and recommendations concerning this topic exist, but they do not include the criteria of the quality of architectural design from the residents’ point of view. Next, we present a Swiss system for determining the use value of dwellings for the resident, which we consider appropriate for evaluating the housing quality in Slovenia We tested the tool by assessing individual dwellings in residential buildings located in three characteristic housing estates in Maribor. In this way, we obtained the results regarding the use value of dwellings that varied heavily in view of the architectural, structural and technological characteristics. As a conclusion, we discussed the opportunities of incorporating the use value assessment into the Slovenian regulations and strategic documents concerning the renovation of the existing housing stock as well as new housing developments.
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The Hungarian parties in Czechoslovakia and those after 1992 in Slovakia have been operating under democratic political conditions for nearly 30 years now. There are nine parliamentary, eight local, five county and three European parliamentary elections behind them, but let us not leave out the presidential elections and referenda either. In my paper I was seeking answer to two questions: what is the current condition of the Hungarian electoral stratum and to what extent is the political representation capable to fulfill the role of the voters´ representation at parliamentary level.
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Regarding the ethnic and political composition of the Hungarian voters in Slovakia, I am not fully convinced that they are predominantly right-wingers, as the author regards it. However, this does not substantially detract from the value of the study, and so I consider most of its findings and conclusions for correct.
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László Gyurovszky has attempted to calculate two important data. One of them is the total number of Hungarian voters (the size of the electoral basis), the other is the ethnic composition of the Most–Híd party´s electorate. Regarding the future, two scenarios can be envisaged: in the hope of final victory, the two parties (Most–Híd and MKP) will mutually exhaust each other, or a constrained reconciliation will take place.
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The present article has as the main ground a shocking reality, which unfolds almost imperceptible in front of our eyes: the population of Romania has started, since 1990, to decrease steadily, a fact that will surely lead to a gradual depopulation of the country. Consequently, the priority problems, for the central and local administrations, are those addressing the stopping of the national demographic plunge, and the improvement of the moral climate from the society. The both issues can become the object of a national project that concerns the strategically development of the country, in the near future. At the end of 2017, the social Romania had a population of 19.6 million, from which 5,528,199 were active employees, 9,154,473 were pensioners, pupils, students, unemployed etc., and approximately 5 million of them were left in other countries around the world. Although it is on the 7th place in the hierarchy of the 47 states of Europe, on addressing the number of dwellers, Romania might lose this position in the next decades. The demographic prognosis estimates that in 4 decade time, the population of our country will reach approximately 13,7 million dwellers, that is a smaller number than that from 1919 (15.5 mil.). Already, in 2017, there were 3.5 million dwellers less than in 1989, the most significant decrease of the population registering in the 5 counties from the South-West region of Oltenia. The causes of the national demographic decline are multiple, but the ones with the most direct impact proved to be: the maintaining of the birth rate at low shares (9 in one thousand dwellers), and the mortality rate at high shares, especially in the rural regions (14.9 for one thousand dwellers), to which there is added the high rate of abortion (311.5 for one thousand babies born alive in 2016), and the massive emigration towards the developed countries, which has been shifting 5 million dwellers. The high rate of the abortions and emigration placed our country among the first places, in the European states. The demographic phenomena are analysed from a statistic and sociological perspective, and in such a theoretical background, there is merged the diagnosis approach with the prognosis one. The propositions formulated here have a strong pragmatic character, and express the optimistic conviction of the authors that the demographic decline of Romania can be interrupted, and the increased demographic trend for the Romanian population can be brought back, through the therapy of the causes, and based on concrete and viable measures.
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Image of God affects social work students’ professional practice in future. The aim of this study is to investigate the God perception level of social work students. The sample of the study consisted of 274 students studying in Bingöl University Social Work department. As data collection instruments for this study, socio-demographic form and God Perception Scale were administrated to the students. This study is a qualitative investigation that used survey model. Also in the study, it is investigated whether perception of god changed according to genders, and students’ choosing the department willingly or unwillingly. Results show that social work students perceive God in love and in positive ways. Also, genders, choosing the department willingly/unwillingly and students’ subjective perception of God make differentiation in the level of perception of God while class level variables do not make.
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The purpose of this study, the performance of the accounting profession and the business relationship between the feeling of exhaustion and burnout sub-dimensions of employee performance and examine its relationship with is to determine how they affect each other. Over 165 members of the accounting profession in the province of Diyarbakir, according to research wobble; related to the size of their profession burnout (emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, depersonalization) are higher on burnout detection. In addition, participants with levels of burnout were found a significant relationship between perceptions of performance and in terms of demographic variables with the title only significant difference between emotional exhaustion have been identified, among other features, a significant difference was detected.
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In the following article the author compares the demographic development in the Republic of Slovenia and the Republic of Kosovo in the last few decades. The author's main intention is to underline the important differences and reasons for a very different process of the demographic transition in both environments under consideration. While the demographic transition in the Republic of Slovenia concluded in the end of the previous century, in the Republic of Kosovo it was suspended at its initial stage. Today the Republic of Slovenia faces the "post-transition" circumstances with its characteristic significantly altered relations between the generations, while the Republic of Kosovo is in the very middle of the transition. Its current demographic data indicates it is facing completely new challenges, related to the looming radical changes (also) in the fertility behaviour of the population.
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In this study the distribution of population and settlements according to elevation zones in Bingöl province, which is located in the Upper Euphrates Section of Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, have been evaluated. For this purpose, population data for 2016 has been obtained from the database of Turkish Statistical Institute. In order to analyze the distribution of population and settlements according to elevation zones, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been created using digital topographic maps of the study area. From this model, maps with 250 m intervals for elevation zones have been produced and reclassified. The province, its districts and villages have been digitized, and population data has been processed into the database of the settlements. Settlement and elevation layers have been overlaid, and population and the number of settlements in each elevation zone have been determined. For these operations, 3D Analysis of ArcGIS 10.1, which is one of the software of Geographic Information Systems, has been used. According to the results, 58.7% of the population in Bingöl is in group of 1000-1250m, whereas population above 2000m decreases substantially.
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This paper contributes to literature by investigating empirically the determinant factors on life satisfaction and happiness with respect to the quality of human capital and religiosity by using World Values Survey (WVS) data on Turkey. The key findings are that: (i) people with high skills and higher income tend to be unhappy and unsatisfied with their lives; (ii) cognitive workers who have higher educational attainment, who are employed, and who believe that their fate is shaped by themselves are more likely satisfied by their lives; whereas manual workers with high number of children and with higher skill level are less satisfied; (iii) individual and social religiosity have also a strong positive impact on happiness and life satisfaction for manual workers. Our findings also confirm the importance of a core set of demographic variables in estimating the individual happiness and life satisfaction such as gender, age, and marital status.
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This study was a descriptive study conducted in order to determine first aid knowledge levels of university students. The population of the research was composed of a total of 247 rd th students who studied at 3 year and 4 year of Nursing Department of Health School and those who studied at 2 year of Machine, Construction, Electrics, Marketing and Office Management departments at Vocational School at Hittite University. The data of the study were gathered using Personal Information Form about socio-demographic characteristics of the students which was composed of 13 questions, and designed by the researchers with literature information and Survey of Knowledge Level of First Aid composed of 30 questions in order to determine first aid knowledge of the students. While performing the statistical data analyses; numbers and percentages were used for the distribution of the socio-demographic characteristics and chi-square test was utilized to determine the effect of socio-demographic characteristics upon their first aid knowledge. In the study; there was a statistically significant connection between university students' knowledge levels about different first aid topics and their gender, academic branches, parental (mothers' and fathers') educational status and previously taken courses and trainings (P< 0.05).
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Breastfeeding and weaning processes and behaviors in ancient human populations can be investigated through biomolecular studies carried out on the bones and teeth of individuals recovered from archaeological excavations. Such studies mainly involve the analysis of stable isotope ratios, which are considered to be indicative of the diet. Studies have been carried out on the reconstruction of the past nutrition, mainly using nitrogen isotopes for this purpose, revealing that isotopes of other chemical elements such as oxygen and hydrogen can also be used to investigate the weaning process.
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The human brain grows up to the age of 45-50 and therefore needs to expand its skull. Each of the craniofacial bones is connected by a straight stitch to the adjacent bone. In the skull, the sutures that connect the parietal bones close at certain ages. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the detailed morphology of metopic suture found in the skull of an Early Iron Age adult female individual aged 20-30 years obtained from the illegal excavations in Babacan's countryside around Van province. It is also possible to reveal the possible causes of the failure of metopic suture fusion by this study.
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The discoveries and analyzes made in recent years demonstrate that everything we know about the evolution of our ancestors may be wrong. In our study, new dating of human evolution, analysis done on early modern human remains and new theories from fossil primate remains to archaic human species have been discussed, by compiling the articles published between 2015 and 2017 in some important scientific journals such as Nature and Science. Submitted studies from cave paintings, where abstract thinking turned into concrete imagery in human evolution, to new dating of first agrarian societies have been also considered and evaluated. Article published from Australopithecus species to early Homo remains, from Neanderthals to Denisovans, from early modern human to modern human were brought together. It is foreseen that this study could also be a useful resource for the interested scientists and students dealing with paleoanthropology.
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The aim of this study is to determine paleodemographic and morphological structure and oral health of the human skeletons that were excavated in various archaeological sites dated to the Roman period in the province of Amasya between 1992 and 2012. Of the 56 individuals, 2 were infants (%3.57), 11 were children (%19.64), 15 were women (% 26.79), 13 were men (% 23.21) 15 were adults (%26,79) whose gender can not be determined. The average age of adult individuals is 39.4 years. According to Pearson (1899), Trotter-Gleser (1952) and Sağır (2000), stature was 161,58 (n: 4), 167,85 (n: 4) ve Sağır (2000) 162,07 (n: 4) respectively in society. In adults permanent teeth and jaws, dental attrition (56,98 %), dental caries (4,65 %), hypoplasia (4,65 %), dental calculus (2,91 %), abscess (1,35 %), alveolar bone loss (36,3 %) and antemortem tooth loss 6,28 % were determined.
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Material and Methods: In TOBB ETU pool on March 17/2018, individuals between 7-10 years who regularly practice swimming and swam as amateurs on behalf of the clubs were selected as participants. 96 individuals participated in the study as 42 female and 54 male, anthropometric measurements of triceps, biceps, subscapular, suprailiac and calf skin fold thicknesses (d.k.k.), elbow, knee, shoulder, chest width, chest depth, upper arm, neck and ankle circumference were obtained. The measurements were taken in accordance with the techniques prescribed by the International Biological Program. The length measurement was performed with a Martin-type anthropometer and a weight of ± 100 gr digital weighing. Participants wear swimwear in the measurements. Findings: For anthropometric measurements, there was a significant difference between the genders of elbow knee circumference and breast depth (p<0.05). Somatotype values in girls was found with values of 4.7-5.1-3.0 as mesomorphic -endomorph and in males was found with values of- 4.2-5.7-2.8 as endomorfic mesomorph.
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Anthropometry ; It is a systematic technique that classifies the physical structure of human body according to the methods of measurement, size and structure. Measurement studies have been carried out on different measurement points, different countries, different ethnicities and genders by using different techniques from the past to the present. In this study, we aimed to determine the use of anthropometric measurements of face by analysing the studies used in the daily life, surgical branches, forensic anthropology, diagnosis and treatment of genetic disorders in the literature. In the literature review, it has been shown that most of the studies can contribute to the harmonization of plastic and reconstructive surgery, reconstruction, reconstructive surgery, facial transplantation, aesthetic purpose operations, determination of normative values of ethnic origin, gender and age groups, contribution to the harmony of face, and planning of preoperative surgery operation.
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