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The paper aims to trace the process of emergence and development of sustainability – from the idea to the term. It introduces different definitions of the term depending on the contextual use, as well as documents where they meet. The paper is focused on important dimensions of the concept; special attention is paid on the social aspect.
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The paper discusses the issues of professional realization at the career beginning and the volunteering’s opportunities to support this process.Differenet definitions of volunteering worldwide are presented and key volunteering characteristics are drawn. Presented are also the difference between volunteering and internships programs within the focus of formation of skills for professional development. The volunteering advantages in case of career change or return to the labour market are outlined.
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Objectives of this study are to investigate the effect of workload on turnover intention and burnout and the mediating role of burnout in the effect of workload on leaving.COVID-19 pandemic leads to highly challenging work conditions for healthcare workers including nurses who mostly work at the front-line accompanying patients. This research was conducted in a private hospital with a Joint Commission International (JCI) certificate in Istanbul of Turkey between January and March 2021. 247 nurses comprising 91% of the nurse population in the hospital have been included. Workload had positive effect on burnout (β=0.51, 95% CI [0.287, 0.441]) and turnover intention of nurses (β=0.31, 95% CI [0.322, 0.603]). Burnout had a positive effect on turnover intention (β=0.54, 95% CI [0.932, 1.32]) and a mediating role in the effect of workload on turnover intention (β=0.41, 95% CI [0.302, 0.530]).Our finding indicated that increased workload is associated with increased levels of burnout and turnover intention of nurses. Furthermore, burnout has a positive effect on mediating the turnover intention.
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Special education teachers face various difficulties due to the uniqueness of their work, and these can impact their school culture. On the other hand, if given an opportunity or a resolution, like the Sociological Teachers Teaching Yoga (STETY) intervention program, this could increase the staffs’ sense of self-efficacy, thus affecting the school culture. This paper presents the findings of a research aiming to characterize teachers’ self-efficacy and school culture by participating in a group for a period of a ten-week yoga program. Qualitative research methods have been used for collecting and analyzing the data from 65 participants in total. The findings show that the Sociological Teachers Teaching Yoga (STETY) intervention program has impacted the participants’ self-efficacy and, therefore, the school culture.
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Although the concept of remote working is not new, and it has been in use for a while, billions of people and workplaces were caught in surprise during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to full-scale lockdowns people got stuck with their family members. And in a very short time they were expected to set up home-offices and continue working. Balancing family relations with daily work schedule was hard for many. Drawing on a sample of instructors, this study investigates how people felt and dealt with it. Homogeneous purposive sampling technique was employed. The authors contacted with people from their network and asked them to fill in the online questionnaires. The people contacted also help to reach others in their network and consequently a total of 435 people participated. Most of the sample is comprised of university instructors (44.4%); followed by secondary school (22.8%), primary school (18.6%), and high school teachers (14.3%). We developed a theoretical model based on boundary theory and study the relationships among eWork-Life interferences with technostress and psychological well-being. The results supported our hypotheses and we found that timely IT assistance might decrease the felt technostress. Implications and further study suggestions are made accordingly.
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The aim of this article is to describe and discuss the key challenges of social and healthcare services in Slovakia, focusing on the Integrative Elderly Care Model as part of a changing welfare state. It also examines the opportunities and challenges related to the transformation of community-based social and healthcare services. The Slovak welfare state has undergone several revisions during the last decade; so too has the elderly care sector, which is a combination of public and non-government organisations. Elderly citizens, however, remain in a precarious situation. The trend toward marketisation and re-familiarisation of elderly care ‘go towards the EU average’, indicating an increase in public social expenditure directed towards aging.
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In her article, Katarzyna Szalewska offers a reading of the idea of the zoo in the context of Michel Foucault’s concept of the spatialization of discourse. Lars Berge’s book A Good Wolf. The Tragedy in a Swedish Zoo was an inspiration for Szalewska’s reflection. Szalewska refers to the history of the zoo and places this facility against the history of ideas, especially the nineteenth-century concepts of economization, scientism, collections and taxonomy. She then considers the zoo in the context of visual practices, especially the role of the gaze in the dialectic of power and knowledge. She shows that the zoo, functioning as it does in relation to the political and hierarchizing view, will always remain the domain of the cultural and the anthropocentric. Szalewska also addresses the perception and role of zoos as modern Noah’s arcs in the Anthropocene era and the ethical dimension of the “socialization” of animals.
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The ecological transition poses the most impelling challenges for central banks, regulators and supervisory authorities. This paper explores the different types of risks associated with ecological transition. It deplores their absence in the instruments of control and regulation at a time when climate change threatens financial stability and can be at the root of a systemic crisis. Risk management is particularly sensitive given its uncertain nature. Nowadays, many actors, including governments, the private and public sectors, as well as part of the international community, are intervening to support the ecological transition. Nevertheless, it would appear that central banks are best able to meet these challenges.
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This article considers the contemporary ecological crisis a triple problem of environmental ecology, mental ecology and social ecology: while natural ecosystems are threatened by industrial infrastructures, which exploit mineral resources at the service of a globalized consumerist economy, psychic and social ecosystems are threatened by connected devices, which exploit libidinal resources at the service of attention economy and data economy. This triple ecological crisis is described in the article as a process of increasing entropy at different levels (thermodynamic, biological and informational or psycho-social levels). In order to reverse this process a double energetic transition is needed – a transition which would save and take care of energy generated from mineral resources, as well as of psychic and libidinal energy. The article relies on the works of Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen and Bernard Stiegler, who envisage this transition as a fight against the increase in entropy on the physical and environmental levels on the one hand, and on the psychic, technical and social levels on the other.
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This article endeavours to rethink wealth and the meaning of work (understood not only as ponos, but also as ergon), in the context of the Anthropocene. It is argued that only through redefining work it is possible to safely overcome the limitations of this age. As the article proves, the Anthropocene is in fact the Entropocene: an age in which the biosphere is confronted with a sudden and mass increase of entropy in each dimension of life on Earth. In order to resolve this threat, the transformation of knowledge and skills is essential. These qualities are, arguably, capable of producing negentropy, that is, the way through which human beings produce artificial organs that enhance the world in its technological (and not biological) dimension. Therefore, negentropy is discussed as an adequate alternative to the economic models that fail to respond to the dynamics of the Anthropocene/Entropocene.
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A conceptual model including conscious awareness, positive psychological capital, personality traits and entrepreneurial intention is suggested with the purpose of providing a deeper understanding on the premises of entrepreneurial intention. Data is gathered from students studying in North Cyprus universities for the purpose of testing the suggested model (n= 400). The gathered data is analysed with SPSS 23 and AMOS programmes. The findings of the analysis show that entrepreneurial intention is positively influenced by conscious awareness, positive psychological capital and personality traits. Moreover, it has been observed that positive psychological capital and personality traits play an intermediary role the effect of conscious awareness on entrepreneurial intention. The findings of the research can be of benefit for both researchers and practitioners. The present study not only provides information on entrepreneurial intention but also helps administrators to increase their awareness by presenting administrative recommendations.
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Ecological tourism or ecotourism (in abbreviation)is a form of tourism intended to have a low impact on the environment and is based on the principles of sustainability in natural and historical areas with conservation characteristics. Railway tourism can be a form of ecological tourism that occurs in areas with presence of the railroad network, due to its novelty and to the proximity to natural and cultural heritage in the humid and rainy climate. This form of tourism can attract many tourists from all around the world. The methodology of this study is descriptive and analytical, and initially, characteristics and requirements have been explained with resources and library studies. The required infrastructures are the main base of tourism, one of the most significant of which, is the current situation of the transportation system (railway network). The main aim of this study is the introduction of railway tourism as a strategy for development of railroad settlements in north of Iran with ecological and sustainable tourism. As the second aim, the most significant criteria of the railway-tourism were extracted from theoretical foundation and in addition, they were prioritized based on the AHP (Analytic hierarchy process) method. Moreover, in order to understand the restrictions and main problems of the local people, interviews have been conducted. In the following section, Tehran –Mazandaran impassable mountainous railway has been introduced, which passes through the Alborz Mountains. This route has the majority of unrivalled natural and cultural attractions, traditional habitation, and rural settlements. Despite recent spatial changes in Iran, these regions remained original and traditional. Interestingly, the railway is the only accessible transport to some of these settlements, without destructive effect on the environment. As a result, the substantial criteria were specified, and the basic issues and limitations of the locals’ life have been explained from survey and interviews. Consequently, a direct relationship has been detected between railway tourism and railroad habitation development in Tehran –Mazandaran railway that contains social, economic, physical and demographic studies. Eventually, it could be easily realized which railway-tourism has the lowest ecological impacts despite other types of tourism in natural and rural areas. Therefore, every kind of effort from researchers to authorities in this field could be helpful in order to protect our environment.
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The article examines the social situation and social work with mentally ill individuals during the period of early Christianity. The processes of relations towards this group in the Roman society and the early Christian community have been analytically traced, and main conflicts in the two moral-value systems have been highlighted. The main views on therapy and treatment of the mentally ill are presented, as well as the society's attitude towards their problems. It is concluded that the representatives of this group are placed in social isolation and discrimination against the other individuals.
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This study seeks to determine the impact of working from home policies due to COVID-19 restrictions towards work-life balance and job stress, and the effect of work-life balance and job stress on job satisfaction during the pandemic. It also approached the possibility of workload as a moderating variable between WFH and work-life balance, and WFH and job stress. Changes during the pandemic caused a difference in working conditions employees must adapt to. Using a regression analysis including 200 respondents of Indonesian employees, the results confirmed the relationships between WFH to work-life balance and job stress, and work-life balance and job stress towards job satisfaction. Workload did not have a moderating effect between WFH towards work-life balance or job stress.
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This article analyzes, through a comparative approach, a frontier narrative, John Filson’s “The Adventures of Col. Daniel Boon” (1784), in relation to selected medieval chivalric romances from an ecocritical perspective, exploring the way in which medieval patterns have been employed in the American mythopoeic process, especially in relation to the frontier and the wilderness myths. In fact, medievalist narratives have been often employed to justify an anthropocentric, expansionist, and imperialistic agenda with grievous consequences on the way in which Americans engage with nature and with nonhuman species. At the same time, this tendency is often accompanied by an androcentric and ethnocentric rhetoric, contributing to the marginalization from dominant national discourses of significant sections of the population due to their race and gender. For this reason, attention will be also given to how attitudes toward the nonhuman can reflect and bear an impact on those toward other humans. By investigating how narratives develop, evolve, and circulate across time and space, it becomes possible to reveal the harmful logic they carry, and stress the importance of shifting the narrative in the direction of more sustainable intra- and inter-species relations.
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Małgorzata Figura’s article is an attempt to capture the social roles of children when faced with the threat of the impending climate catastrophe. The introduction aims to draw attention to the need to give the floor to young people who can alert the public to changes taking place in the world. This necessity is stressed by researchers who represent children’s studies and who emphasize the importance of children’s perspective in literature and in scientific and social discourses. Figura’s analysis of selected literary texts allows us to see this turn towards the child, which at the same time is also the child’s turn towards nature.
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The paper focuses on working with philosophical literary stories, which by their nature, in addition to the development of children’s thinking can be useful in developing awareness of nature protection and sustainable living. Attitudes in solving environmental problems are related to education in the past, present and future. The inspiration for writing this paper is the educational program Philosophy for Children. The application part of this program includes several activities — reading philosophical stories, questions creating, philosophical discussion and other complementary activities. We consider Philosophy for Children as a form of applied philosophy, focused on the area of practical human interests.
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Consumer opinion and behavior research plays an important role in the development of the marketof specifi c products. Currently, research in the fi eld of consumer behavior towards organic food,which is gaining popularity on the Polish market whose production is in line with the concept ofsustainable development and the European Green Deal related to it, is of particular importance.The aim of the study was to analyze the opinion and behaviors of consumers as regards organicfruit and vegetables and the promotion of these products as a determinant of them.The data for the analyzes came from empirical research conducted in Lublin at the turnof 2019 and 2020 by means of a proprietary questionnaire. The research was carried out ona sample of 534 respondents aged over 18. The scope of the research covered the opinions andbehaviors of consumers towards organic fruit and vegetables as well as the factors determiningthe commencement of making or increasing the frequency of purchases of these products. Anattempt was also made to defi ne the relationship between the opinions and behaviors presented byconsumers and their demographic and socio-economic characteristics.The results of the research show that half of the respondents purchased organic fruit andvegetables, of which only 1/4 claimed to do so regularly and quite often (several times a week).The respondents most often purchased these products in specialized stores – with organic food.According to the surveyed consumers, organic fruit and vegetables are rich in nutrients, healthyand safe, and produced using environmentally friendly methods. The most important factorsinfl uencing the increase in purchases and consumption and thus the development of the marketfor organic products were the increase in the availability of this product category in the places ofeveryday shopping and the reduction of their prices as the most important factors. The conductedresearch showed that for the respondents, promotional campaigns aimed at popularizing organicfood, its values and impact on human health are not without signifi cance.
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Circular economy is one of the best alternatives to the existing linear economy. Nowadays, environmental problems are widely discussed not only by scientists but also by politicians and business representatives. However, a number of barriers hinder the transition to a circular economy. Therefore, this paper aimed to determine the factors influencing the pro-environmental behavior of population, which directly affects the implementation of circularity principles. A quantitative approach based on the paradigm of positivism/realism was applied in this study. In the empirical part, the survey included an online questionnaire filled out in 16 regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which made for a total of 3448 respondents. The collected data were processed using the SPSS 25 software, and the hypotheses were tested using the Smart PLS 3 program. The results show that circular mindset, circular awareness, and external incentives significantly affect the pro-circular behavior of individuals and encourage shared consumption. This article contributes to the development of the theoretical basis of circular economy concepts and puts forward practical recommendations.
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Particulate matter (PM 2.5), ozone, lead and radon are among the main sources of air pollution. The differences in mortality rates across the European Union due to their impact are very high, ranging from 4 to 16 times. Mortality from PM 2.5 particles is excreted 12.3 – fold compared to ozone, 4.6 – fold for lead and 10.6 – fold for radon. The state of economic development of countries and health expenditures have a significant impact on the rate of human mortality caused by air pollution. Their impact is uneven. Most of these depend on mortality from PM 2.5 particles, to a large extent from lead and ozone, and to a smaller extent to radon. All the countries of the European Union concerned pay considerable attention to health protection, since the level of the costs involved is closely linked to the per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP). On the other hand, the real situation is illustrated by the trend in population mortality from the sources of air pollution in question. Absolute positive changes in population mortality from particulate matter (PM 2.5) have been observed over the period 2009‒2018 (the situation has improved in all countries); significant positive changes in mortality due to lead air pollution (the situation has improved in 13 countries); moderate and negative changes due to ozone contamination (the situation improved in 11 countries) and very strong negative changes in mortality due to air pollution by ozone (the situation improved in only 8 countries).
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